【摘要】：奧-貝球墨鑄鐵是近幾十年來迅速發(fā)展的新型球鐵材料,因其優(yōu)良的綜合力學性能、性價比高等優(yōu)異特點開始被人們廣泛關注。在球鐵的制備和熱處理工藝日益成熟的今天,奧-貝球墨鑄鐵通過等溫淬火熱處理工藝提高性能的同時,也極大增強了切削加工難度,與鈦合金、淬硬鋼、超高強度鋼等一起成為典型的難加工材料。對于典型難加工材料(包括鈦合金、淬硬鋼、鎳基高溫合金及超高強度鋼等),由于廣泛應用于航空、航天等高端設備領域,而使得其切削加工性能的研究大量且深入。而奧-貝球墨鑄鐵多應用于民用工業(yè),對其切削性能的研究甚少,現(xiàn)在可參閱的文獻中涉及到切削加工性能的不多。為使奧-貝球墨鑄鐵在工業(yè)應用中不再受到由于其加工問題的限制,我們急需對其切削加工性能進行系統(tǒng)全面的研究。為此,本文在深入分析奧-貝球墨鑄鐵材料力學性能的基礎上,結合高速切削理論,對奧-貝球墨鑄鐵的切削削性能展開深入的分析和實驗研究,具體研究內(nèi)容如下:1)對奧-貝球墨鑄鐵的力學性能及切削加工特點進行分析,根據(jù)其切削加工特性選取高速銑削的實驗方法,并簡要介紹高速切削加工技術及高速切削切屑成形機理的研究現(xiàn)狀。2)探討奧-貝球墨鑄鐵鋸齒形切屑形成機理與切削速度之間的關系:進行奧-貝球墨鑄鐵的切屑形成機理關于切削速度的單因素實驗,分析切屑形成的整體形狀,觀察切削自由表面、底面形貌特征,利用理論與實驗的方法探究其切屑的形成機理。3)以各切削參數(shù)單因素實驗為依據(jù),研究奧-貝球墨鑄鐵在高速銑削下銑削力與主軸轉速、進給量、切削寬度之間的關系�；谡粚嶒灥慕Y果,利用多元線性回歸的方法求出銑削力的經(jīng)驗指數(shù)預測模型,為奧-貝球墨鑄鐵的加工工藝制定參考依據(jù)。4)研究奧-貝球墨鑄鐵在高速銑削下的表面質量與切削參數(shù)之間的關系,采用單因素實驗與正交實驗結合,開展對奧-貝球墨鑄鐵高速銑削中表面質量的研究,單因素實驗研究主軸轉速、進給量、切削寬度對表面質量的影響趨勢,正交實驗在單因素實驗的分析基礎下選取參數(shù)進一步詳細分析各切削用量對結果的影響,建立高速銑削奧-貝球墨鑄鐵表面粗糙度的數(shù)學經(jīng)驗預測模型。并以建立的表面粗糙度數(shù)學模型為約束,以材料去除率為優(yōu)化目標,采用遺傳算法對銑削用量進行優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:Austempered ductile iron is a new type of ductile iron material developed rapidly in recent decades. Due to its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and high performance-to-price ratio, it has been paid more and more attention. With the increasing maturity of the preparation and heat treatment of ductile iron, the austenitic ductile cast iron improves its properties by isothermal quenching and heat treatment, at the same time, it also greatly increases the cutting difficulty, which is similar to titanium alloy and hardened steel. Ultra-high strength steel and so on together become the typical difficult-to-process material. For typical refractory materials, such as titanium alloy, hardened steel, nickel-based superalloy and ultra-high strength steel, their cutting and processing properties have been studied extensively due to their wide application in aviation, aerospace and other high-end equipment fields. However, Austempered ductile iron is widely used in civil industry, but its cutting performance is seldom studied. In order to make Austempered ductile iron no longer be restricted by its machining problems in industrial application, we urgently need to make a systematic and comprehensive study on its cutting and processing properties. Therefore, on the basis of deep analysis of mechanical properties of Austempered ductile iron, combined with the theory of high speed cutting, the cutting performance of Austenite ductile iron is analyzed and experimentally studied in this paper. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) the mechanical properties and cutting characteristics of Austempered ductile iron are analyzed, and the experimental method of high-speed milling is selected according to the cutting characteristics. The research status of high speed cutting technology and chip forming mechanism in high speed cutting is briefly introduced. 2) the relationship between sawtooth chip formation mechanism and cutting speed of Austempered ductile iron is discussed. Single factor experiment on chip formation mechanism on cutting speed, Analyzing the whole shape of chip formation, observing the shape of cutting free surface and bottom surface, exploring the formation mechanism of chip by theoretical and experimental methods) based on the single factor experiment of each cutting parameter. The relationship between milling force, spindle speed, feed rate and cutting width of Austempered nodular cast iron in high speed milling was studied. Based on the results of orthogonal experiments, the empirical exponential prediction model of milling force is obtained by using multivariate linear regression method. The relationship between the surface quality and cutting parameters of Austempered nodular cast iron under high speed milling is studied. The single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment are used to study the relationship between the surface quality and cutting parameters of Austempered ductile iron. The research on surface quality of Austenite ductile iron in high speed milling is carried out, and the influence of spindle speed, feed rate and cutting width on surface quality is studied by single factor experiment. Based on the analysis of single factor experiment, the influence of cutting parameters on the results was analyzed in detail, and the mathematical empirical prediction model of surface roughness of high speed milling austenitic ductile iron was established. Taking the established mathematical model of surface roughness as the constraint and the material removal rate as the optimization objective, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the milling amount.
【學位授予單位】：湖南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG54

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