【摘要】：奧氏體不銹鋼因具有優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕性能以及良好的可加工性能,被廣泛應(yīng)用于食品加工、器具器皿、手術(shù)器械等領(lǐng)域。在室內(nèi)外使用環(huán)境中,不銹鋼制品表面由于被灰塵、油污等沾染而容易滋生細(xì)菌、病毒和其他有害微生物。利用表面處理技術(shù)制備光催化和抗菌功能的不銹鋼具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。納米多孔金屬具有獨(dú)特的多孔結(jié)構(gòu)和性能,在電化學(xué)、光化學(xué)、催化等領(lǐng)域中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。進(jìn)一步探討功能型納米多孔金屬材料的制備、改性及性能研究將拓展它們的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。本文利用閉合場非平衡磁控濺射系統(tǒng)在316L不銹鋼表面制備Ti-Cu薄膜,然后對Ti-Cu薄膜進(jìn)行去合金化得到納米多孔Ti-Cu薄膜。同時(shí),考慮到Ti Ni合金具有獨(dú)特的形狀記憶性能,本文也采用閉合場非平衡磁控濺射技術(shù)在不銹鋼表面制備了近等原子比Ti Ni薄膜改善不銹鋼的耐腐蝕磨損性能。圍繞如何使表面改性后的不銹鋼賦予光催化、電催化和抗菌性能的同時(shí)具有良好的耐腐蝕和磨損性能,優(yōu)化了制備工藝參數(shù);分別采用X射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電鏡(SEM)、輝光放電光譜儀(GDOES)和X射線光電子能譜(XPS)等手段分析了薄膜的組織和結(jié)構(gòu);研究了薄膜的電催化性能、光催化性能、抗菌性能、磨損性能和腐蝕性能。研究結(jié)果如下:1、對薄膜的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和表面形貌進(jìn)行了分析。經(jīng)磁控濺射鍍膜后不銹鋼基體表面均形成了均勻致密的Ti-Cu薄膜,Ti-Cu薄膜主要由Cu_4Ti_3,Cu_(0.81)Ni_(0.19),Ti Ni_(0.8)Cu_(0.2) andγ-Fe相組成;通過去合金法在不銹鋼表面形成納米多孔Ti-Cu薄膜,其中Ti_(31.28)Cu_(64.71)納米多孔薄膜主要由Cu_4Ti_3和Cu_2Ti_4O相組成。2、利用循環(huán)伏安法研究了納米多孔Ti-Cu薄膜的電催化性能。結(jié)果表明,不同酸堿度條件下,納米多孔Ti-Cu薄膜對乙二醇的電催化氧化表現(xiàn)出明顯不同的性能。在堿性條件下,納米多孔結(jié)構(gòu)材料可以有效地促進(jìn)乙二醇的氧化反應(yīng)。3、對不銹鋼表面納米多孔Ti-Cu薄膜的光催化性能進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明,納米多孔Ti-Cu薄膜賦予了不銹鋼光催化性能,在可見光6小時(shí)照射下對亞甲基藍(lán)溶液的降解率是純二氧化鈦薄膜的1.83倍。4、納米多孔Ti-Cu改性的不銹鋼試樣均顯示出明顯的抗菌作用,在24小時(shí)內(nèi),改性后的不銹鋼對大腸桿菌的抗菌作用達(dá)到了96.7%,對金黃色葡萄球菌的抗菌作用達(dá)到了100%,這主要和Cu摻雜二氧化鈦在可見光下的光催化殺菌以及Cu離子殺菌有關(guān)。5、通過球-盤磨損試驗(yàn)對Ti-Cu薄膜的腐蝕磨損性能及機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明,在模擬人工體液介質(zhì)中摩擦副為Si_3N_4時(shí),Ti-Cu薄膜對不銹鋼基材具有明顯的減摩作用,表面改性處理后的不銹鋼表現(xiàn)出更好的抗腐蝕磨損性能。6、用電化學(xué)方法研究了Ti-Cu改性前后不銹鋼在模擬人工體液中的腐蝕行為,動(dòng)電位極化曲線測試和電化學(xué)阻抗譜分析結(jié)果表明,Ti-Cu改性不銹鋼表現(xiàn)出比不銹鋼基材更良好的耐蝕性能。腐蝕形貌分析表明,不銹鋼基材表面可觀察到蝕孔,發(fā)生點(diǎn)蝕,而Ti-Cu改性層能有效抑制不銹鋼表面點(diǎn)蝕坑的形成。7、對不銹鋼表面近等原子比Ti Ni薄膜的腐蝕磨損性能進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明,Ti Ni薄膜有效提高了不銹鋼在模擬人工體液中的抗腐蝕磨損性能。這主要和摩擦過程中形成的致密Si O_2和Ti O_2保護(hù)薄膜以及Ti Ni薄膜的贗彈性有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Austenitic stainless steel is widely used in food processing, utensils, surgical instruments and other fields because of its excellent corrosion resistance and good machinability. In indoor and outdoor environment, stainless steel products are easy to grow bacteria, viruses and other harmful microorganisms because of being contaminated by dust, oil and other contaminants. Nanoporous metals have been widely used in electrochemistry, photochemistry, catalysis and other fields because of their unique porous structure and properties. Further study on the preparation, modification and properties of functional nanoporous metal materials will expand their applications. In this paper, Ti-Cu thin films were prepared on 316L stainless steel surface by closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering system, and then the Ti-Cu thin films were Dealloyed to obtain nanoporous Ti-Cu thin films. Near-isoatomic Ti-Ni thin films were prepared to improve the corrosion and wear resistance of stainless steel. The preparation parameters were optimized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), glow discharge spectroscopy (GDS) and glow discharge spectroscopy. The microstructure and structure of the films were analyzed by means of GDOES and XPS. The electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, antibacterial, wear and corrosion properties of the films were studied. The results are as follows: 1. The microstructure and surface morphology of the films were analyzed. The surface of the stainless steel substrate after magnetron sputtering were uniform. Ti-Cu thin films consist of Cu_4Ti_3, Cu_ (0.81) Ni_ (0.19), Ti Ni_ (0.8) Cu_ (0.2) and gamma-Fe phases, and Ti_ (31.28) Cu_ (64.71) nanoporous thin films are formed on the surface of stainless steel by dealloying method. The electrocatalytic properties of nanoporous Ti-Cu thin films were investigated. The results showed that the electrocatalytic oxidation of ethylene glycol by nanoporous Ti-Cu thin films exhibited different performances under different pH conditions. The photocatalytic properties of the film were studied. The results showed that the nanoporous Ti-Cu film gave the stainless steel photocatalytic properties. The degradation rate of methylene blue solution was 1.83 times that of pure titanium dioxide film under visible light irradiation for 6 hours. The nanoporous Ti-Cu modified stainless steel samples showed obvious antibacterial effect. Within 24 hours, the degradation rate of methylene blue solution was improved. The antimicrobial activity of the stainless steel was 96.7% against Escherichia coli and 100% against Staphylococcus aureus. This was mainly related to the photocatalytic sterilization of Cu-doped titanium dioxide under visible light and the sterilization of Cu ion. 5. The corrosion and wear properties and mechanism of Ti-Cu films were studied by ball-disk wear test. The results show that Ti-Cu film has obvious antifriction effect on stainless steel substrate when the friction pair is Si_3N_4 in simulated artificial humor medium, and the stainless steel treated by surface modification has better corrosion and wear resistance. 6. The corrosion behavior and electrochemical potential of stainless steel before and after Ti-Cu modification in simulated artificial humor were studied by electrochemical method. Polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis showed that Ti-Cu modified stainless steel exhibited better corrosion resistance than stainless steel substrate. Corrosion morphology analysis showed that corrosion holes and pitting could be observed on the surface of stainless steel substrate, while Ti-Cu modified layer could effectively inhibit pitting formation on the surface of stainless steel. The corrosion and wear properties of Ti-Ni thin films with equal atomic ratio were studied. The results show that Ti-Ni thin films can effectively improve the corrosion and wear resistance of stainless steel in simulated artificial body fluids.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG174.4

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1 靳曉敏;不銹鋼表面納米多孔Ti-Cu薄膜的制備及性能研究[D];太原理工大學(xué);2016年

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本文編號：2221015