【摘要】：隨著高速加工技術(shù)的普及與深入發(fā)展,切削加工過程中的顫振現(xiàn)象已成為制約零件加工效率、影響工件加工精度的一個重要因素。而被動式阻尼減振器具有減振效果良好、安裝方便、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單等諸多優(yōu)點,已逐漸運用于刀具系統(tǒng)的切削加工中,減振刀具和阻尼工具的研究及其工程應(yīng)用正受到國內(nèi)外制造業(yè)專家學(xué)者們的不斷重視。本文基于銑削系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)切削力公式和顫振穩(wěn)定性預(yù)測模型,設(shè)計外置式阻尼減振器并安裝在刀桿上,研究了不同阻尼減振器的阻尼材料及其安裝位置對其抑振效果的影響規(guī)律,深入分析了所設(shè)計的阻尼減振器對薄壁件切削過程中的顫振穩(wěn)定性、切削力以及工件表面形貌的影響規(guī)律。本文的主要研究工作如下:(1)針對所設(shè)計的外置式阻尼減振工具系統(tǒng),進行系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的有限元模態(tài)分析以及考慮外載荷的諧響應(yīng)分析,討論分析了阻尼減振器的材料以及安裝位置對主軸——刀具系統(tǒng)的影響規(guī)律,仿真結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)安裝阻尼減振器后,系統(tǒng)的第1階、2階固有頻率及其對應(yīng)的共振幅值均逐漸降低,且刀尖處的響應(yīng)位移也開始減小,其中,以45鋼阻尼材料減振器的響應(yīng)位移減小幅度最大,達到24%。當(dāng)阻尼減振器的安裝位置距離逐漸增大時,系統(tǒng)的第1階、2階固有頻率逐漸降低,但其對應(yīng)的共振幅值和響應(yīng)位移均逐漸增加。(2)基于阻尼減振器的仿真模型搭建模態(tài)測試平臺,采用沖擊力錘進行單點激勵,得到不同阻尼材料、不同減振器安裝位置下系統(tǒng)的模態(tài)參數(shù),其變化趨勢和仿真結(jié)果基本一致,理論平均誤差在2.5%以內(nèi),說明本文所構(gòu)建的仿真模型基本正確,所建模型和仿真結(jié)果對開發(fā)減振工具系統(tǒng)具有一定的參考價值。(3)基于所設(shè)計的阻尼減振工具模型和裝置,進行阻尼/無阻尼減振工具系統(tǒng)切削過程的顫振穩(wěn)定性對比仿真,以及薄壁件切削試驗,結(jié)果表明:阻尼減振工具系統(tǒng)能夠提高最小臨界切削深度達65%,有效降低切削過程中切削力峰值,提高零件表面加工質(zhì)量。本文所設(shè)計的外置式阻尼減振器,可運用于銑削刀具和其他回轉(zhuǎn)類切削刀具,豐富了被動式阻尼減振技術(shù)在刀具切削領(lǐng)域的運用,為抑制加工中的顫振現(xiàn)象提供了一個具體的研究思路,對于改善零件實際生產(chǎn)效率、提高零件加工表面質(zhì)量具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the popularization and development of high-speed machining technology, the chatter phenomenon in cutting process has become an important factor that restricts the machining efficiency of parts and affects the machining accuracy of workpieces. The passive damping damper has many advantages, such as good damping effect, convenient installation, simple structure and so on, and has been gradually used in cutting machining of tool system. The research and engineering application of vibration absorbing tools and damping tools have been paid more and more attention by domestic and foreign manufacturing experts and scholars. Based on the dynamic cutting force formula and flutter stability prediction model of milling system, an external damping damper is designed and installed on the cutter rod. The influence of damping materials and installation positions of different damping absorbers on their vibration suppression effect is studied. The flutter stability of the designed dampers during the cutting process of thin-walled parts is deeply analyzed. The influence of cutting force and surface morphology of workpiece. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the finite element modal analysis of the system structure and the harmonic response analysis considering the external load are carried out for the designed external damping tool system. The material of damping damper and the influence of installation position on the spindle tool system are discussed and analyzed. The simulation results show that: when the damping damper is installed, The first and second order natural frequencies and their corresponding common amplitudes of the system are gradually decreased, and the response displacement at the tip of the tool is also decreasing. The response displacement of the 45 steel damping material absorber is the largest, reaching 24%. When the installation distance of damping damper increases gradually, the first and second order natural frequencies of the system decrease gradually, but the corresponding common amplitude and response displacement increase gradually. (2) the modal test platform is built based on the simulation model of damping absorber. The modal parameters of the system with different damping materials and different installation positions of shock absorbers are obtained by single point excitation with impact force hammer. The variation trend is basically consistent with the simulation results, and the theoretical average error is less than 2.5%. It shows that the simulation model constructed in this paper is basically correct, and the established model and simulation results have certain reference value for the development of vibration absorber tool system. (3) based on the designed damping tool model and device, The flutter stability of the damped / undamped vibration control tool system is compared and simulated, and the thin-wall cutting test is also carried out. The results show that the damping tool system can increase the minimum critical cutting depth to 65 and effectively reduce the peak value of cutting force in the cutting process and improve the machining quality of the parts surface. The external damping damper designed in this paper can be used in milling tools and other rotary cutting tools, which enriches the application of passive damping vibration absorption technology in the field of cutting tools. It provides a concrete research idea for restraining chatter phenomenon in machining. It is of great significance to improve the actual production efficiency of parts and improve the quality of machined surface.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG54

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 楊毅青;裴行政;劉強;;被動阻尼減振技術(shù)及數(shù)控加工應(yīng)用[J];航空制造技術(shù);2016年18期

2 楊毅青;徐東東;;基于電渦流阻尼器的數(shù)控加工振動抑制[J];振動與沖擊;2016年04期

3 羅紅波;李偉;唐才學(xué);;內(nèi)置式雙減振鏜桿動力學(xué)模型參數(shù)優(yōu)化[J];四川大學(xué)學(xué)報(工程科學(xué)版);2012年05期

4 方海濤;陳永潔;劉敏;王社權(quán);馬曉魁;張京;劉志林;;基于有限元的立銑刀/刀柄連接結(jié)構(gòu)動態(tài)特性分析[J];機械制造;2012年05期

5 唐英;張大勇;;切削顫振研究的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與進展綜述[J];工具技術(shù);2011年08期

6 羅紅波;李紅梅;程宏偉;唐才學(xué);;內(nèi)置式減振鏜桿動力學(xué)模型的參數(shù)優(yōu)化[J];四川大學(xué)學(xué)報(工程科學(xué)版);2009年06期

7 祝長生;;時變磁場下徑向電渦流阻尼器的動力特性[J];機械工程學(xué)報;2009年08期

8 李學(xué)斌;;動力吸振器的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化和多屬性決策研究[J];振動工程學(xué)報;2009年03期

9 李崢;劉強;;基于切削噪聲測試的數(shù)控加工顫振識別系統(tǒng)[J];制造技術(shù)與機床;2009年02期

10 石嵐;王成勇;秦哲;;高速銑削立銑刀的有限元模態(tài)分析[J];制造技術(shù)與機床;2008年07期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 王保升;瞬時銑削力模型參數(shù)辨識及其試驗研究[D];江蘇大學(xué);2011年

2 沈春根;高速加工工具系統(tǒng)的動力學(xué)特性及應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究[D];江蘇大學(xué);2011年

3 周宏偉;顆粒阻尼及其控制的研究與應(yīng)用[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2008年

4 耿國盛;鈦合金高速銑削技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)研究[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2006年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 朱垂岱;顆粒阻尼銑刀減振分析與試驗研究[D];中北大學(xué);2015年

2 任棟;顆粒阻尼減振鏜桿減振分析及試驗研究[D];中北大學(xué);2014年

3 鄭溢;球頭銑削工件表面形貌仿真及粗糙度預(yù)測[D];哈爾濱理工大學(xué);2014年

4 曲會玲;高速立銑刀優(yōu)化設(shè)計[D];山東建筑大學(xué);2011年

5 余小晶;高速雕銑機主軸系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性分析[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號：2209221