軋制法制備低鐵損高磁感高硅鋼及其涂層研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-23 15:42
【摘要】：高硅電工鋼具有高磁導(dǎo)率、高電阻率、低鐵損和幾乎為零的磁致伸縮系數(shù)等優(yōu)異的軟磁性能,在節(jié)約能源、降低設(shè)備噪音等領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。開發(fā)高磁感低鐵損高硅鋼薄板及其絕緣涂層制備技術(shù)具有很高的工業(yè)應(yīng)用價值。本文通過織構(gòu)優(yōu)化和對晶粒尺寸及有序度控制,制備出沿軋制方向上具有高磁感低鐵損的新型無取向高硅鋼,另外采用低溫滲氮追加抑制劑的方法制備出磁感更高的取向高硅鋼,為優(yōu)化高硅鋼薄板磁性能提供了方法和思路。研究了晶粒尺寸與織構(gòu)對磁性能的影響,建立了磁滯損耗常數(shù)隨晶粒尺寸與各向異性參數(shù)變化的數(shù)學(xué)模型,為織構(gòu)優(yōu)化降低鐵損提供理論指導(dǎo)。針對高硅鋼容易表面氧化和沖片性更差等特點,開發(fā)了一種高硅鋼用環(huán)保半有機絕緣涂層及表面預(yù)處理方法,給工業(yè)應(yīng)用提供參考。為得到達(dá)標(biāo)的沖片性能,對高硅鋼冷軋及退火薄板進行沖片實驗,研究了沖片斷裂行為、斷口組織特征及有序度差異對沖片性能的影響具有理論價值。主要結(jié)論如下：(1)通過采用大壓下率熱軋,確保次表層中產(chǎn)生更多的η織構(gòu)(以高斯織構(gòu)為主)隨后進行遺傳；溫軋板中粗大的晶粒有利于冷軋剪切帶的形成；冷軋板退火后生成強{210}001織構(gòu)及次表層部分高斯織構(gòu)是在軋向上獲得高磁感的原因,歸結(jié)于{210}001和高斯取向晶粒在{111}112冷軋形變晶粒內(nèi)的剪切帶優(yōu)先形核并長大；冷軋退火板經(jīng)過長時間高溫退火后,以{310}001織構(gòu)為代表的η織構(gòu)得以保留并且增強,進一步提高了磁感。(2)高硅鋼冷軋退火薄板磁感B8值的高低與F織構(gòu)取向晶粒的比重密切相關(guān),而B50值與γ織構(gòu)和λ織構(gòu)取向晶粒的比重有關(guān)。高硅鋼的磁滯損耗可以通過增大晶粒尺寸和優(yōu)化織構(gòu)得以大幅度降低。織構(gòu)對鐵損的影響雖隨著頻率的升高逐漸減小,但對高頻鐵損的影響不可忽略。隨著退火溫度的升高和時間的延長,高硅鋼鐵損在軋向和橫向上的顯著差異保持到更高的頻率下,歸因于晶粒尺寸的增大、γ織構(gòu)的減弱和較強的η織構(gòu)的保留�？棙�(gòu)與晶粒尺寸共同影響高硅鋼的高頻鐵損。(3)采用軋制結(jié)合低溫滲氮工藝制備的取向高硅鋼的磁感B8與B50值要高于具有強η織構(gòu)的新型無取向高硅鋼。隨著滲氮后氮含量的增加,高硅鋼薄板二次再結(jié)晶發(fā)展更加完善,二次再結(jié)晶晶粒尺寸增大的同時,高斯織構(gòu)鋒銳度也不斷增強,磁感不斷提高。這是因為除了高斯取向晶粒之外,次表層中較多的{110}116取向晶粒也具有大量的20-45。高能晶界,當(dāng)抑制劑數(shù)量少、受到抑制力較弱時,容易優(yōu)先異常長大,以{110}低表面能與高斯取向晶粒競爭吞并周邊其他取向的小晶粒。提高滲氮量可以增加抑制劑濃度,抑制部分偏高斯取向晶粒的異常長大,從而提高高斯織構(gòu)鋒銳度。(4)高硅鋼在脫碳退火過程中表面生成的氧化膜主要成分有Si02和Fe2SiO4,以及少量的FeO,相對于普通3%Si硅鋼,在相同的脫碳退火工藝條件下,表面生成更多的SiO2。在涂覆絕緣涂層之前有必要對高硅鋼退火板進行表面預(yù)處理,減少表面氧化膜厚度,提高絕緣涂層的附著性。在涂覆量不變的情況下,高硅鋼表面越清潔、越平整,氧化膜越薄,涂層的附著性越好。本文制備的環(huán)保半有機絕緣涂層每面涂覆量控制在0.8-1.2 g/m2,附著性、沖片性及絕緣性能良好,層間電阻保持在5 Ω.cm2/片以上。(5)0.2-0.3mm厚的高硅鋼冷軋薄板在沖片間隙為0.01mm、沖片溫度為100℃的條件下具有良好的沖片性能,晶粒細(xì)小的退火板比晶粒粗大的退火板沖片性更好。高硅鋼退火板在低溫下沖片發(fā)生脆性斷裂的解理面主要為{100}晶面,解理系統(tǒng)包括{100}110和{100}100,靠其一或兩者交替開動完成斷裂。高硅鋼薄板沖片性能的好壞主要與沖片溫度、有序化程度及晶粒尺寸有關(guān)。降低有序化程度、提高沖片溫度及細(xì)化晶粒,可以改善高硅鋼薄板韌塑性,提高其沖片性能。綜合考慮沖片性能和工業(yè)成本,高硅鋼冷軋薄板最好在退火前沖片。
[Abstract]:High silicon electrical steel has excellent soft magnetic properties such as high permeability, high resistivity, low iron loss and almost zero magnetostrictive coefficient, which have wide application prospects in the fields of energy saving and noise reduction. A new type of non-oriented high silicon steel with high magnetic induction and low iron loss along the rolling direction was prepared by texture Optimization and grain size and order control, and a high magnetic induction oriented high silicon steel with higher magnetic induction was prepared by adding inhibitors at low temperature nitriding, which provides a method and idea for optimizing the magnetic properties of high silicon steel sheets. Mathematical model of hysteresis loss constant varying with grain size and anisotropic parameters was established to provide theoretical guidance for texture Optimization and reduction of iron loss.A kind of environmental-friendly semi-organic insulating coating and surface pretreatment for high-silicon steel were developed in view of the characteristics of easy surface oxidation and worse punching property of high-silicon steel. In order to obtain the standard sheet properties, the cold rolled and annealed high silicon steel sheets were punched. The fracture behavior, fracture morphology and the effect of ordering on the properties of the sheets were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) High reduction hot rolling was used to ensure the sub-surface layer. More_texture (mainly Gaussian texture) is produced and inherited subsequently; coarse grains in warm rolled sheets are favorable for the formation of cold rolled shear bands; the formation of strong {210} 001 texture and sub-surface part of Gaussian texture after annealing of cold rolled sheets is the reason for obtaining high magnetic induction upward, which is attributed to {210} 001 and Gaussian orientation grains in {111} 112 cold rolled form. The_texture represented by {310} 001 texture can be retained and strengthened after a long time of high temperature annealing, which further improves the magnetic induction. (2) The magnetic induction B8 value of cold rolled annealed sheet of high silicon steel is closely related to the proportion of F texture oriented grains, while the B50 value is related to the gamma texture and texture. The hysteresis loss of high silicon steel can be greatly reduced by increasing grain size and optimizing texture. Although the effect of texture on iron loss decreases gradually with the increase of frequency, the effect on high frequency iron loss can not be ignored. The significant transverse difference is maintained at higher frequencies due to the increase of grain size, the weakening of gamma texture and the retention of strong_texture. Texture and grain size together affect the high frequency iron loss of high silicon steel. (3) The magnetic susceptibility B8 and B50 values of oriented high silicon steel prepared by rolling combined with low temperature nitriding process are higher than those of oriented high silicon steel with strong_texture. With the increase of nitrogen content after nitriding, the secondary recrystallization of high silicon steel sheet develops more perfectly, the grain size of secondary recrystallization increases, and the Gauss texture sharpness and magnetic induction increase. This is because there are more {110} 116 oriented grains in the subsurface besides the Gauss oriented grains. It also has a large number of 20-45. High energy grain boundaries, when the number of inhibitors is small and the inhibitory force is weak, it is easy to preferentially grow abnormally. Low surface energy of {110} can compete with the Gaussian oriented grains to engulf small grains with other orientations around. Increasing nitriding amount can increase the inhibitor concentration, inhibit the abnormal growth of some grains with biased Gaussian orientation, and thus increase them. Gauss texture sharpness. (4) Si02 and Fe2SiO4 are the main components of the oxide film formed on the surface of high silicon steel during decarbonization annealing, and a small amount of FeO. Compared with the ordinary 3% Si steel, the surface of high silicon steel annealed by the same decarbonization annealing process produces more SiO2. It is necessary to pre-place the surface of high silicon steel annealed sheet before coating. The surface of high silicon steel is cleaner, smoother, and the oxide film is thinner, and the adhesion of the coating is better. The semi-organic insulating coating prepared in this paper is controlled at 0.8-1.2 g/m2 per side, with good adhesion, punching and insulation, and interlayer electricity. (5) 0.2-0.3 mm thick cold rolled sheet of high silicon steel has good sheeting properties under the condition of blanking gap 0.01 mm and blanking temperature 100 C. The sheet with fine grain is better than that of annealed sheet with coarse grain. The cleavage system consists of {100} 110 and {100} 100. The fracture of high silicon steel sheets is completed by one or both of them start alternately. The properties of high silicon steel sheets are mainly related to the temperature, degree of ordering and grain size of the sheets. Yes, considering the flush performance and the industrial cost comprehensively, the high silicon steel cold rolled sheet should be flush before annealing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG335;TG174.4
本文編號：2199520
[Abstract]:High silicon electrical steel has excellent soft magnetic properties such as high permeability, high resistivity, low iron loss and almost zero magnetostrictive coefficient, which have wide application prospects in the fields of energy saving and noise reduction. A new type of non-oriented high silicon steel with high magnetic induction and low iron loss along the rolling direction was prepared by texture Optimization and grain size and order control, and a high magnetic induction oriented high silicon steel with higher magnetic induction was prepared by adding inhibitors at low temperature nitriding, which provides a method and idea for optimizing the magnetic properties of high silicon steel sheets. Mathematical model of hysteresis loss constant varying with grain size and anisotropic parameters was established to provide theoretical guidance for texture Optimization and reduction of iron loss.A kind of environmental-friendly semi-organic insulating coating and surface pretreatment for high-silicon steel were developed in view of the characteristics of easy surface oxidation and worse punching property of high-silicon steel. In order to obtain the standard sheet properties, the cold rolled and annealed high silicon steel sheets were punched. The fracture behavior, fracture morphology and the effect of ordering on the properties of the sheets were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) High reduction hot rolling was used to ensure the sub-surface layer. More_texture (mainly Gaussian texture) is produced and inherited subsequently; coarse grains in warm rolled sheets are favorable for the formation of cold rolled shear bands; the formation of strong {210} 001 texture and sub-surface part of Gaussian texture after annealing of cold rolled sheets is the reason for obtaining high magnetic induction upward, which is attributed to {210} 001 and Gaussian orientation grains in {111} 112 cold rolled form. The_texture represented by {310} 001 texture can be retained and strengthened after a long time of high temperature annealing, which further improves the magnetic induction. (2) The magnetic induction B8 value of cold rolled annealed sheet of high silicon steel is closely related to the proportion of F texture oriented grains, while the B50 value is related to the gamma texture and texture. The hysteresis loss of high silicon steel can be greatly reduced by increasing grain size and optimizing texture. Although the effect of texture on iron loss decreases gradually with the increase of frequency, the effect on high frequency iron loss can not be ignored. The significant transverse difference is maintained at higher frequencies due to the increase of grain size, the weakening of gamma texture and the retention of strong_texture. Texture and grain size together affect the high frequency iron loss of high silicon steel. (3) The magnetic susceptibility B8 and B50 values of oriented high silicon steel prepared by rolling combined with low temperature nitriding process are higher than those of oriented high silicon steel with strong_texture. With the increase of nitrogen content after nitriding, the secondary recrystallization of high silicon steel sheet develops more perfectly, the grain size of secondary recrystallization increases, and the Gauss texture sharpness and magnetic induction increase. This is because there are more {110} 116 oriented grains in the subsurface besides the Gauss oriented grains. It also has a large number of 20-45. High energy grain boundaries, when the number of inhibitors is small and the inhibitory force is weak, it is easy to preferentially grow abnormally. Low surface energy of {110} can compete with the Gaussian oriented grains to engulf small grains with other orientations around. Increasing nitriding amount can increase the inhibitor concentration, inhibit the abnormal growth of some grains with biased Gaussian orientation, and thus increase them. Gauss texture sharpness. (4) Si02 and Fe2SiO4 are the main components of the oxide film formed on the surface of high silicon steel during decarbonization annealing, and a small amount of FeO. Compared with the ordinary 3% Si steel, the surface of high silicon steel annealed by the same decarbonization annealing process produces more SiO2. It is necessary to pre-place the surface of high silicon steel annealed sheet before coating. The surface of high silicon steel is cleaner, smoother, and the oxide film is thinner, and the adhesion of the coating is better. The semi-organic insulating coating prepared in this paper is controlled at 0.8-1.2 g/m2 per side, with good adhesion, punching and insulation, and interlayer electricity. (5) 0.2-0.3 mm thick cold rolled sheet of high silicon steel has good sheeting properties under the condition of blanking gap 0.01 mm and blanking temperature 100 C. The sheet with fine grain is better than that of annealed sheet with coarse grain. The cleavage system consists of {100} 110 and {100} 100. The fracture of high silicon steel sheets is completed by one or both of them start alternately. The properties of high silicon steel sheets are mainly related to the temperature, degree of ordering and grain size of the sheets. Yes, considering the flush performance and the industrial cost comprehensively, the high silicon steel cold rolled sheet should be flush before annealing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG335;TG174.4
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