Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金微動(dòng)磨損中微裂紋的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-08-22 13:06
【摘要】:Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金是鈦合金中發(fā)現(xiàn)最早、用量最大、性能數(shù)據(jù)最為成熟的老牌鈦合金,被廣泛應(yīng)用于航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的風(fēng)扇、壓氣機(jī)盤及葉片。由于鈦合金耐磨性能差,實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用中經(jīng)常發(fā)生各種形式的微動(dòng)磨損,制約著產(chǎn)品的使用性能,因此本文對(duì)鈦合金的微動(dòng)磨損展開了研究,主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)采用SRV試驗(yàn)機(jī)進(jìn)行Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金與摩擦副GCr15軸承鋼的微動(dòng)磨損試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)共進(jìn)行了三組,試驗(yàn)Ⅰ與試驗(yàn)Ⅱ是空氣中進(jìn)行的相同頻率不同載荷、不同位移的干微動(dòng)磨損試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)Ⅲ是在腐蝕介質(zhì)(3.5%Na Cl溶液)中進(jìn)行的與試驗(yàn)Ⅱ同試驗(yàn)參數(shù)的腐蝕微動(dòng)磨損試驗(yàn)。通過分析試驗(yàn)的摩擦系數(shù)曲線、表面磨損形貌和磨損剖面形貌,重點(diǎn)研究了Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金微動(dòng)磨損中微裂紋的萌生與擴(kuò)展并探討了微動(dòng)磨損的主要磨損機(jī)理。(2)摩擦系數(shù)的變化表征著微動(dòng)磨損過程的變化。對(duì)三組試驗(yàn)的摩擦系數(shù)曲線進(jìn)行分析發(fā)現(xiàn)三組試驗(yàn)的摩擦系數(shù)曲線都呈階段性變化,都可分為磨合期、粘著磨損期和穩(wěn)定期三個(gè)階段。不同階段的微動(dòng)磨損行為各不相同,分別表現(xiàn)為:試驗(yàn)Ⅰ在微動(dòng)磨損過程中受強(qiáng)粘著作用的影響,試驗(yàn)Ⅱ在微動(dòng)磨損過程中產(chǎn)生大量的磨屑,試驗(yàn)Ⅲ在微動(dòng)磨損過程中受腐蝕和磨損的共同作用。(3)試驗(yàn)Ⅰ與試驗(yàn)Ⅱ、試驗(yàn)Ⅱ與試驗(yàn)Ⅲ的摩擦系數(shù)曲線進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)的粘著作用加劇接觸面間的磨損,磨屑經(jīng)碎化氧化后對(duì)接觸面間的磨損起減緩作用,腐蝕介質(zhì)Na Cl溶液在微動(dòng)磨損中起很好的潤滑作用。(4)用JSM6700F場(chǎng)發(fā)射掃描電子顯微鏡觀看剖面形貌,對(duì)三組試驗(yàn)的剖面形貌SEM圖進(jìn)行分析,由試驗(yàn)Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)Ⅱ的剖面形貌SEM圖發(fā)現(xiàn)試驗(yàn)Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)Ⅱ的微動(dòng)磨損區(qū)都可分為磨屑層、亞表面層和摩擦轉(zhuǎn)化層(TTS),磨屑層中都可見"Z"型微裂紋,亞表面層中出現(xiàn)平行于表面或者垂直于表面的微裂紋,試驗(yàn)Ⅱ的TTS中出現(xiàn)與亞表面呈一定角度的微裂紋。由試驗(yàn)Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)Ⅱ的剖面形貌SEM對(duì)比圖發(fā)現(xiàn)TTS具有高硬度、高脆性的特點(diǎn),一旦出現(xiàn)裂紋,裂紋擴(kuò)展速率很快,迅速擴(kuò)展。TTS的形成受載荷、位移兩個(gè)微動(dòng)磨損參數(shù)的影響。由于腐蝕和磨損的共同作用,在試驗(yàn)Ⅲ的磨損剖面形貌SEM圖中觀察到深度為10~20μm的腐蝕坑。(5)用光學(xué)顯微鏡(OLYMPUS-GX51)觀看表面磨損形貌,對(duì)三組試驗(yàn)的表面磨損形貌圖進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)合三組試驗(yàn)的摩擦系數(shù)曲線和磨損剖面形貌的分析結(jié)果,推斷出試驗(yàn)Ⅰ的主要磨損機(jī)理為疲勞脫層,試驗(yàn)Ⅱ的磨損機(jī)理為疲勞脫層和磨粒磨損,試驗(yàn)Ⅲ的磨損機(jī)理是磨粒磨損和腐蝕磨損。
[Abstract]:Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy is the oldest titanium alloy found in the titanium alloy with the largest amount and the most mature performance data. It is widely used in fan compressor disk and blade of aero-engine. Because of the poor wear resistance of titanium alloys, various forms of fretting wear often occur in practical engineering applications, which restrict the performance of the products. Therefore, the fretting wear of titanium alloys is studied in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) the fretting wear tests of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and friction pair GCr15 bearing steel were carried out with SRV tester. Three groups of tests were carried out. Test 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2197186
[Abstract]:Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy is the oldest titanium alloy found in the titanium alloy with the largest amount and the most mature performance data. It is widely used in fan compressor disk and blade of aero-engine. Because of the poor wear resistance of titanium alloys, various forms of fretting wear often occur in practical engineering applications, which restrict the performance of the products. Therefore, the fretting wear of titanium alloys is studied in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) the fretting wear tests of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and friction pair GCr15 bearing steel were carried out with SRV tester. Three groups of tests were carried out. Test 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2197186
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