【摘要】：激光多自由度誤差同時測量是目前數控機床導軌運動誤差檢驗的重要發(fā)展趨勢,如何在已經實現的單軸多自由度幾何運動誤差測量基礎上實現對兩軸以上多自由度幾何運動誤差的同時測量,是本領域發(fā)展過程中需解決的問題。為解決上述問題,本論文在分析了國內外相關研究的基礎上,結合本課題組已有的單軸多自由度幾何運動誤差同時測量裝置,設計了一種二軸多自由度誤差同時測量方法,并且對其中重要光學器件的誤差進行了分析。概括來講,本學位論文主要的工作如下。1、采用本課題組自行研制的基于單根光纖耦合雙頻激光的六自由度誤差同時測量系統測量了數控機床雙軸直線度誤差,并且對兩軸直線度誤差的線性擬合計算間接實現兩軸的垂直度測量。實際測量數據表明,本測量系統準確性良好,與商用測量儀對比偏差在1”以內。2、結合光線矢量追跡與MATLAB編程建立相應的誤差模型,分析了五角棱鏡的安裝定位偏差在垂直度測量過程中的影響。結合MATLAB編程、光線傳播定律以及解析幾何相應原理,對雙角錐棱鏡構成的移動靶鏡建立了數字模型,利用迭代方法對其定位誤差進行了分析,并且給出了相應的曲線。3、本文首次使用了結合解析幾何以及光線傳播定律的方法,編寫了角錐棱鏡中準直激光的運動軌跡方程。該方法適用于棱鏡定位偏差引起的光線漂移的分析,具有應用性強,精確度高,靈活,易懂的優(yōu)點。
[Abstract]:The simultaneous measurement of laser multi-degree-of-freedom error is an important developing trend in the error test of guide rail motion of CNC machine tools. How to measure the geometric motion error of more than two axes and more than one degree of freedom at the same time on the basis of the measurement of geometric motion error of single axis and multiple degrees of freedom is a problem to be solved in the development of this field. In order to solve the above problems, based on the analysis of related research at home and abroad, this paper designs a method of simultaneous measurement of two-axis multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) error combined with the existing single-axis and multi-degree-of-freedom geometric motion error measurement device. The errors of important optical devices are analyzed. To sum up, the main work of this dissertation is as follows: 1. The error of biaxial straightness of NC machine tools is measured by using the six degrees of freedom error measurement system based on single fiber coupled dual-frequency laser developed by our group. And the linear fitting calculation of the two-axis straightness error can indirectly realize the vertical measurement of the two-axis. The actual measurement data show that the accuracy of the measuring system is good, and the deviation from the commercial measuring instrument is less than 1 ".2. combining the ray vector tracing and MATLAB programming, the corresponding error model is established. The influence of positioning deviation of pentagonal prism on the measurement of perpendicularity is analyzed. Combined with MATLAB programming, the law of ray propagation and the corresponding principle of analytic geometry, the digital model of the moving target mirror composed of biangular cone prism is established, and its positioning error is analyzed by iterative method. The corresponding curve. 3 is given. The method of combining analytic geometry and the law of light propagation is used for the first time to compile the trajectory equation of collimating laser in the corner cone prism. This method is suitable for the analysis of ray drift caused by prism positioning deviation, and has the advantages of strong application, high accuracy, flexibility and easy to understand.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG659

【相似文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 李娟;基于五角棱鏡的滾轉角誤差測量方法研究[D];北京交通大學;2012年

2 鄭鍵;TST現場雙光路激光準直測量系統的研究[D];天津大學;2007年

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本文編號：2184092