【摘要】：腐蝕是一個(gè)全球性的問題,每年會(huì)造成巨額的損失。金屬腐蝕一般被定義為活性金屬與腐蝕性物質(zhì)發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)導(dǎo)致劣化的自然現(xiàn)象。水相作為腐蝕性物質(zhì)的溶劑和腐蝕過程中的介質(zhì),在整個(gè)金屬被破壞的過程中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。超疏水材料因?yàn)榫哂性魉?能夠阻斷基底與腐蝕介質(zhì)的接觸,所以是一種非常好的防腐蝕材料。利用超疏水材料防腐蝕的研究已經(jīng)有幾十年的歷史,但是依然存在很多的問題需要繼續(xù)深入探索和研究,例如:一般制備超疏水材料的方法過于復(fù)雜,耗時(shí)過長;長時(shí)間與水接觸容易失效等。針對(duì)這些問題,本論文采用操作簡單的電沉積法、一步浸泡法和常壓等離子體射流法制備了三種性能優(yōu)異的超疏水材料,并應(yīng)用在了金屬防腐蝕方面。主要的實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:1、通過操作簡單的電沉積法在銅基底表面制備了具有微納米粗糙結(jié)構(gòu)的超疏水涂層。對(duì)制備條件進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在30 V電壓下沉積12 h為最佳制備條件,在此條件下制備的銅基超疏水表面具有156°的接觸角。對(duì)此超疏水表面進(jìn)行了腐蝕防護(hù)性能研究,在3.5%NaCl溶液中進(jìn)行了動(dòng)電位極化曲線測量和EIS測試,結(jié)果表明此超疏水表面具有非常優(yōu)異的防腐蝕性能,其緩蝕效率能夠達(dá)到99.9%。2、采用浸泡法使長鏈硅烷結(jié)構(gòu)附著在了三聚氰胺海綿骨架表面,成功制備了超疏水海綿材料,其接觸角能夠達(dá)到168°。將此超疏水海綿應(yīng)用在了金屬防腐蝕領(lǐng)域,并采用在超疏水海綿中通入干燥空氣的方法對(duì)金屬進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的保護(hù)。采用低合金鋼片表征了超疏水海綿通氣法的緩蝕能力:對(duì)各種條件下的鋼片分別進(jìn)行了短期和長期的宏觀觀測、SEM和EDS測試;測定了各種條件下鋼片的開路電位、阻抗和動(dòng)電位極化;對(duì)鋼片表面的濕度進(jìn)行了原位監(jiān)測。結(jié)果都說明超疏水海綿通氣法能夠有效抑制金屬的腐蝕。3、采用常壓等離子體射流(APPJ)法制備了超疏水海綿材料,其接觸角能夠達(dá)到163°。對(duì)原始海綿和改性后的海綿進(jìn)行了掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察,結(jié)果顯示改性后的超疏水海綿骨架上具有很多雪花狀結(jié)構(gòu),這些結(jié)構(gòu)極大地增大了海綿骨架表面的粗糙度。對(duì)超疏水海綿表面的成分進(jìn)行了EDS成分測試,通過分析各元素的含量,得知改性海綿表面的物質(zhì)主要為SiOx。將此超疏水海綿材料應(yīng)用在防腐蝕領(lǐng)域,并采用加熱的方法對(duì)超疏水海綿的防腐能力進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。對(duì)各種條件下的鋼片分別進(jìn)行了宏觀觀測、SEM、EDS測試,結(jié)果說明超疏水海綿加熱法能夠很好地抑制金屬的腐蝕。
[Abstract]:Corrosion is a global problem, causing huge losses every year. Metal corrosion is generally defined as a natural phenomenon in which active metals react with corrosive substances and lead to deterioration. As the solvent of corrosive substance and the medium in corrosion process, water phase plays an important role in the whole process of metal destruction. Superhydrophobic material is a very good anticorrosive material because of its hydrophobicity and the ability to block the contact between substrate and corrosion medium. The research on corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic materials has a long history, but there are still many problems need to be further explored and studied. For example, the methods of preparing superhydrophobic materials are too complex and time-consuming; Contact with water for a long time is prone to failure and so on. In order to solve these problems, three kinds of superhydrophobic materials with excellent performance were prepared by simple electrodeposition, one-step immersion and atmospheric pressure plasma jet, and were applied to metal corrosion resistance. The main experimental contents and results are as follows: 1. Superhydrophobic coatings with micro-nano rough structure were prepared on copper substrate by simple electrodeposition method. The preparation conditions were optimized. The optimum preparation conditions were found at 30 V voltage for 12 h. The copper-based superhydrophobic surface prepared under this condition had a contact angle of 156 擄. The corrosion protection performance of the superhydrophobic surface was studied. The potentiodynamic polarization curves and EIS measurements were carried out in 3.5 NaCl solution. The results showed that the superhydrophobic surface had excellent corrosion resistance. The corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 99.9 and 0.2. The long chain silane structure is attached to the surface of melamine sponge skeleton by immersion method. The super hydrophobic sponge material is successfully prepared and its contact angle can reach 168 擄. The superhydrophobic sponge was applied in the field of metal corrosion prevention and the metal was further protected by adding dry air into the superhydrophobic sponge. The corrosion inhibition ability of superhydrophobic sponge aeration method was characterized by low alloy steel sheet. The short and long term macroscopic observation SEM and EDS were carried out on the steel sheet under various conditions, and the open circuit potential of the steel sheet was measured under various conditions. Impedance and potentiodynamic polarization and in situ monitoring of the surface humidity of steel sheet were carried out. The results show that superhydrophobic sponge aeration method can effectively inhibit metal corrosion. The superhydrophobic sponge material was prepared by atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) method. The contact angle of superhydrophobic sponge can reach 163 擄. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on the original sponge and the modified sponge. The results showed that there were many snowflake structures on the modified superhydrophobic sponge skeleton, which greatly increased the surface roughness of the sponge skeleton. The composition of superhydrophobic sponge surface was tested by EDS. By analyzing the content of various elements, it was found that the main substance on the surface of modified sponge was SiOx. The superhydrophobic sponge is applied to the anticorrosive field and the anticorrosive ability of the superhydrophobic sponge is supplemented by heating method. The steel sheets under various conditions were tested by SEMN EDS. The results show that the superhydrophobic sponge heating method can effectively inhibit the corrosion of metals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG174.4

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本文編號(hào)：2125377