本文選題：6016鋁合金 + 熱沖壓��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鋁合金材料具有密度低、比強(qiáng)度高、耐蝕性好、成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因此鋁合金在汽車、航天等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛。研究表明鋁合金在加熱條件下的成形性比常溫下好、能耗小、加工過程容易控制,因此熱成形工藝作為一種重要的加工方法在板料沖壓領(lǐng)域受到越來越多的重視。鋁合金板的熱成形工藝主要是對鋁合金進(jìn)行加熱,達(dá)到所需要的溫度,熱成形后可以進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化處理。目前,對鋁合金板在熱成形過程中材料力學(xué)性能、流變行為及工藝參數(shù)的研究較少。因此本文采用熱成形工藝對鋁合金的成形性能和工藝參數(shù)進(jìn)行研究,主要研究內(nèi)容及成果如下:1.在溫度為200℃、250℃、300℃、350℃,應(yīng)變速率為0.01s-1、0.1s-1、1s-1的條件下,分別對鋁合金板進(jìn)行拉伸試驗(yàn)。研究了成形溫度和應(yīng)變速率對鋁合金板成形性能的影響,結(jié)果表明在上述拉伸試驗(yàn)的溫度范圍內(nèi),板料成形溫度越高,材料的變形抗力越小,抗拉強(qiáng)度越小,塑性越好;板料成形過程中變形速率越大,鋁合金抗拉強(qiáng)度越大。2.在熱成形條件下對6016鋁合金板材試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行擬合,確定了板料成形性能的關(guān)鍵參數(shù),建立了鋁合金板材的塑性本構(gòu)方程,最后對本構(gòu)方程進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。3.通過圓筒件拉深成形試驗(yàn)并結(jié)合仿真模擬,研究了溫度、壓邊力、摩擦系數(shù)和沖壓速度對圓筒件成形性能的影響。結(jié)果表明在試驗(yàn)溫度范圍內(nèi),加熱溫度越高鋁合金成形性能越好,圓筒件成形更容易。隨著壓邊力的增大,熱沖壓成形的最大減薄率降低,當(dāng)壓邊力過大時(shí),在零件的凸模圓角處發(fā)生破裂。研究了潤滑均勻條件下和潤滑不均勻條件下的摩擦系數(shù)對圓筒形件的影響,摩擦系數(shù)對厚度最小值影響顯著,得到了在成形過程中對厚度最小值的影響規(guī)律;沖壓速度對圓筒件厚度均勻性影響顯著,揭示了對厚度均勻性的影響規(guī)律。4.對車頂內(nèi)支撐件進(jìn)行模擬仿真,首先確定了車頂內(nèi)支撐件拉延成形的沖壓方向、工藝補(bǔ)充、壓料面和拉延筋等關(guān)鍵要素的設(shè)計(jì),并研究了板料加熱溫度、壓邊力等工藝參數(shù)對沖壓件的影響,最后研究了拉延筋的設(shè)置與否對板料成形性能的影響。5.為了研究鋁合金板在成形過程中的回彈規(guī)律,采用正交試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法分別研究板料成形溫度、壓邊力和摩擦系數(shù)對回彈影響的大小。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)板料加熱溫度影響最為顯著,壓邊力次之,摩擦系數(shù)影響最小。
[Abstract]:Aluminum alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and low cost. Therefore, aluminum alloy has been widely used in automotive, aerospace and other fields. The results show that the formability of aluminum alloy under heating condition is better than that at room temperature, the energy consumption is less and the process is easy to control. Therefore, hot forming process as an important processing method has been paid more and more attention in the field of sheet metal stamping. The hot forming process of aluminum alloy plate is mainly to heat the aluminum alloy to the desired temperature, and can be strengthened after hot forming. At present, there are few researches on mechanical properties, rheological behavior and technological parameters of aluminum alloy sheet during hot forming. Therefore, the forming properties and process parameters of aluminum alloy are studied by hot forming process. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. Tensile tests were carried out on aluminum alloy plates at a temperature of 200 鈩，

本文編號：2102344