本文選題：復雜曲面 + 異常痕跡�。� 參考：《電子科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國航空航天、車輛船舶制造業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,復雜自由曲面應用越來越廣泛,如機翼、葉輪葉片等。但復雜自由曲面其復雜的幾何特征,如變曲率、變扭曲角、開閉角變換等,常常導致加工后的表面結構不均勻,甚至出現異常加工痕跡,難以表征和評價。目前,對復雜自由曲面的表面質量檢測評價仍主要集中在輪廓度、粗糙度等指標評價。然而,機加工表面常存在的異常加工痕跡沒有確定的可參照標準用以檢測評定,常常被劃入粗糙度或波紋度進行評價。因此,需要探索一套檢測復雜曲面輪廓并對切削痕跡進行提取評價的方法。本文基于“S”形檢驗試件,搭建適合的測量平臺,并重點探討一種新的提取表征試件型面異常切削痕跡的方法,作為傳統(tǒng)粗糙度表征的補充。采用數學“顯微鏡”——小波分析下的小波多尺度分析方法提取加工表面異常切削痕跡特征;針對小波分析Mallat算法所產生的邊界效應進行邊界延拓研究對比,分析得出合適于機加工表面的延拓方式;并基于M估計穩(wěn)健權函數提出小波分析穩(wěn)健迭代方法以增強濾波穩(wěn)健性;在評定表征痕跡上,類比支撐長度率提出表面損傷率和損傷面積比概念。最后推導了線性小波分析的算法不確定度傳遞關系,并基于Matlab GUI完善了異常加工痕跡的評定分析系統(tǒng)。本文具體在以下幾方面做出大量的理論研究和對比分析,并得出相關結論:(1)根據“S”形檢驗試件結構特點,設計搭建了型面輪廓測量平臺;通過小波分析提取表面輪廓的異常痕跡特征,并研究了小波基函數的選取以及分解層數的影響因素及正確計算。(2)分析了小波分析邊界效應產生原因,研究了各邊界延拓方法,并對比得出最適合于機加工表面的延拓方法。引入M估計穩(wěn)健權函數到小波分析,建立權函數可調參數與表面輪廓數據關系,實現小波穩(wěn)健濾波分析。(3)提出表面損傷率和損傷面積比概念作為評定指標,有助于痕跡表面直觀的定量評價。(4)推導所采用的線性相位小波分析算法的不確定度傳遞關系,基于Matlab GUI集成開發(fā)了表面異常痕跡的檢測評定軟件系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of aeronautics and spaceflight in China, the application of complex free-form surfaces, such as wings and impeller blades, is becoming more and more extensive. However, the complicated geometric features of complex free-form surface, such as variable curvature, variable twist angle, open and close angle transformation, often lead to uneven surface structure, even abnormal machining trace, which is difficult to characterize and evaluate. At present, the evaluation of surface quality of complex free-form surface is mainly focused on the evaluation of contour and roughness. However, there is no definite reference standard for measuring and evaluating abnormal machining traces on machined surfaces, which are often evaluated by roughness or corrugation. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a method to detect the contour of complex curved surface and to extract and evaluate the cutting trace. Based on the "S" shape test, a suitable measuring platform is set up, and a new method to extract abnormal cutting marks of the surface of the specimen is discussed, which can be used as a supplement to the traditional roughness characterization. The feature of abnormal cutting trace of machined surface is extracted by means of wavelet multi-scale analysis under "microscope" -wavelet analysis, and the boundary effect caused by Mallat algorithm is studied and compared. Based on M estimation robust weight function, wavelet analysis robust iterative method is proposed to enhance filtering robustness. The concepts of surface damage rate and damage area ratio are put forward by analogy of bracing length ratio. Finally, the uncertainty transfer relation of linear wavelet analysis algorithm is deduced, and the evaluation and analysis system of abnormal machining trace is improved based on Matlab GUI. In this paper, a large number of theoretical research and comparative analysis are made in the following aspects, and relevant conclusions are drawn: (1) according to the structural characteristics of the "S" shape test specimen, a profile measuring platform is designed and built; The abnormal trace features of the surface contour are extracted by wavelet analysis, and the selection of wavelet basis function, the factors affecting the number of decomposition layers and the correct calculation are studied. (2) the cause of the boundary effect in wavelet analysis is analyzed, and the methods of boundary continuation are studied. The extension method which is most suitable for machining surface is obtained by comparison. The robust weight function of M estimation is introduced to wavelet analysis, and the relation between the adjustable parameters of weight function and the surface contour data is established, and the wavelet robust filtering analysis is realized. (3) the concepts of surface damage rate and damage area ratio are proposed as evaluation indexes. It is helpful for the quantitative evaluation of trace surface. (4) the uncertainty transfer relation of the linear phase wavelet analysis algorithm is deduced. A software system for detecting and evaluating the surface anomaly trace is developed based on Matlab GUI integration.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG501

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