本文選題：錫基合金 + 真空蒸餾��； 參考：《昆明理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：真空蒸餾技術因其流程短、無污染、設備簡單、金屬回收率高等諸多優(yōu)點被廣泛用于金屬的分離和提純。通過計算分離系數(shù)能粗略地判斷合金的分離程度,但是不能夠提供準確的實驗條件信息,因此引入氣-液相平衡(Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium,VLE)理論指導合金的真空蒸餾分離操作,用VLE相圖對真空蒸餾過程中氣相產物和液相產物進行預測,對設計合金真空蒸餾實驗和指導真空蒸餾生產過程都具有重要的意義。VLE數(shù)據(jù)是真空蒸餾過程的基礎數(shù)據(jù),在氣-液相平衡的理論研究和實際操作中具有至關重要的作用,目前關于錫基二元及三元合金氣-液相平衡的實驗研究及相關VLE數(shù)據(jù)少有報道。本研究根據(jù)氣-液相平衡理論,對Bi-Sn、Sb-Sn、Pb-Sn二元合金體系及Bi-Sb-Sn三元合金體系在真空蒸餾過程中的氣-液相平衡進行了實驗研究,分析測定了氣相和液相中組元的含量,并根據(jù)氣-液相平衡理論結合Wilson方程計算了上述二元及三元合金體系在不同溫度下的VLE數(shù)據(jù),繪制了 T-x-y相圖。通過實驗研究和理論計算獲得了 5～10Pa條件下錫基二元及三元合金的VLE實驗數(shù)據(jù)和計算值,運用Herington test和Van Ness test兩種熱力學一致性檢驗方法分別對實驗VLE數(shù)據(jù)和計算值進行了熱力學一致性校驗,結果指出實驗值和計算值都滿足熱力學一致性,說明所測定VLE數(shù)據(jù)可用于對合金氣-液相平衡的研究。通過將VLE實驗數(shù)據(jù)與理論計算值比較分析,結果顯示在誤差范圍內液相實驗值與計算值可以很好的吻合,氣相實驗值與計算值有較大偏差。實驗VLE數(shù)據(jù)與計算得到T-x-y相圖描述的各組元在不同溫度條件下真空蒸餾時的行為趨于一致,說明VLE相圖所描述的蒸餾過程中各組元在蒸餾過程中的行為是準確的。氣-液平衡相圖顯示的錫基二元合金的最佳蒸餾條件與實驗和實際工業(yè)上蒸餾操作條件相吻合,用氣-液平衡相圖可以指導真空蒸餾實驗和實際生產過程。
[Abstract]:Vacuum distillation is widely used in the separation and purification of metals because of its advantages of short flow, no pollution, simple equipment and high metal recovery. The separation degree of alloy can be roughly determined by calculating the separation coefficient, but it can not provide accurate experimental information. Therefore, the Vapor-Liquid equilibrium (Vapor-Liquid equilibrium) theory is introduced to guide the vacuum distillation separation operation of the alloy. The VLE phase diagram is used to predict the vapor and liquid phase products in vacuum distillation process. It is of great significance to design the vacuum distillation experiment of alloy and to guide the production process of vacuum distillation. VLE data are the basic data of vacuum distillation process. It plays an important role in the theoretical study and practical operation of gas-liquid equilibrium. At present, there are few reports on gas-liquid equilibrium of tin based binary and ternary alloys and related VLE data. Based on the gas-liquid equilibrium theory, the vapor-liquid equilibrium of Bi-Snn Sb-Snn binary alloy system and Bi-Sb-Sn ternary alloy system during vacuum distillation was studied experimentally. The contents of components in gas and liquid phases were analyzed and determined. Based on the gas-liquid equilibrium theory and Wilson equation, the VLE data of the binary and ternary alloy systems are calculated at different temperatures, and the T-x-y phase diagram is drawn. The VLE experimental data and calculated values of tin based binary and ternary alloys at 510Pa have been obtained by experimental study and theoretical calculation. By using Herington test and Van Ness test, the thermodynamic consistency of the experimental data and the calculated values are verified, respectively. The results show that both the experimental values and the calculated values meet the thermodynamic consistency. The VLE data can be used to study the gas-liquid equilibrium of alloys. By comparing and analyzing the VLE experimental data and the theoretical calculated data, the results show that the liquid phase experimental data are in good agreement with the calculated values in the error range, and there is a big deviation between the gas phase experimental values and the calculated values. The behavior of each component described by T-x-y phase diagram at different temperatures is consistent with that of experimental VLE data, which shows that the behavior of each component in the distillation process described by VLE phase diagram is accurate. The results show that the optimal distillation conditions of tin based binary alloy are in agreement with the experimental and practical industrial distillation conditions. The gas-liquid equilibrium phase diagram can be used to guide the vacuum distillation experiment and the actual production process.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG146.14

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