本文選題：三角網(wǎng)格 + CL路徑法��； 參考：《廣東工業(yè)大學》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著航空航天、汽車、模具及消費產(chǎn)品等行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,復雜曲面零件得到了越來越多的應(yīng)用。三角網(wǎng)格模型可用于曲面零件的外觀表達,具有快速靈活及拓撲適應(yīng)能力強的優(yōu)點,在增材制造、質(zhì)量檢測、再設(shè)計與再制造工程等相關(guān)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛應(yīng)用�；谌蔷W(wǎng)格模型的直接數(shù)控加工可避免反求曲面模型的繁瑣操作、誤差控制及曲面質(zhì)量等問題,是實現(xiàn)快速制造的一個重要途徑。然而,三角網(wǎng)格模型僅由網(wǎng)格面片組成,在數(shù)控代碼生成、加工精度及加工質(zhì)量等方面仍存在問題,并有待于進一步的研究。本論文針對三角網(wǎng)格模型直接數(shù)控加工中的刀具軌跡生成方法,開展較為深入的研究�；贑L路徑法的三角網(wǎng)格模型實驗加工與缺陷分析,提出一種面向復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型的刀具軌跡生成新方法,其中包括網(wǎng)格模型的頂點偏置方法、離散誤差補償?shù)牡段稽c生成算法及雙向插值的刀具軌跡生成算法,開發(fā)復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型的直接數(shù)控加工系統(tǒng),生成復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型的刀具軌跡,實現(xiàn)三角網(wǎng)格模型的直接數(shù)控加工。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容包括以下幾個方面:(1)深入調(diào)研復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型的直接數(shù)控加工方法,了解該領(lǐng)域的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,分析目前三角網(wǎng)格模型刀具軌跡生成的CL路徑法,指明當前三角網(wǎng)格模型刀具軌跡生成中存在的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題,確定本論文的研究內(nèi)容與實施方案。(2)基于模型文件的格式描述,分析網(wǎng)格模型的質(zhì)量問題對刀具軌跡生成的影響,提出模型數(shù)據(jù)的拓撲重構(gòu)方法,為網(wǎng)格模型的刀具軌跡生成提供有效的模型數(shù)據(jù)�；诰W(wǎng)格模型的CL路徑法,實現(xiàn)粗細兩種網(wǎng)格模型的實際加工,分析加工零件的表面質(zhì)量,發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)格模型加工表面出現(xiàn)的凸面凹坑、凹面凹槽及區(qū)域三角化缺陷問題,明確目前網(wǎng)格模型CL路徑法的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題。(3)研究網(wǎng)格模型的頂點偏置方法,提出基于邊界頂點相鄰網(wǎng)格面片補齊的邊界頂點法矢修正算法及基于相鄰面片偏置誤差加權(quán)的頂點偏置距離補償算法,有效改善三角網(wǎng)格模型的偏置效果。針對邊界頂點法矢計算偏差所引起的加工過切問題,通過邊界頂點相鄰網(wǎng)格面片補齊的邊界頂點法矢修正計算,消除邊界區(qū)域的實際加工問題�；谄媚Ｐ偷膶嶋H偏置距離,分析模型偏置距離不足造成加工過切問題,通過基于相鄰面片偏置誤差加權(quán)的頂點偏置距離補償,減小偏置模型的偏置誤差。(4)研究偏置模型的刀位點生成方法,提出基于近似曲面輪廓曲線截平面求交的離散誤差補償?shù)段稽c生成算法,避免三角網(wǎng)格模型離散誤差造成的刀位點計算精度問題。在走刀方式選擇及殘留高度計算的基礎(chǔ)上,詳細研究偏置模型刀位點生成的截平面求交法,探討截平面與網(wǎng)格面片的位置關(guān)系,給出截面交點的計算方法。詳細分析三角網(wǎng)格模型離散誤差對截面交點計算精度的影響,重點研究網(wǎng)格模型加工零件表面的缺陷機理,通過刀位點的離散誤差補償,改善刀位點的計算精度。(5)研究刀位點的刀具軌跡生成方法及刀具軌跡的插補算法,提出雙向插值的刀具軌跡生成算法,實現(xiàn)刀具軌跡的光滑處理。采用三次非均勻B樣條曲線插值的方法,實現(xiàn)截平面方向的刀具軌跡生成及光順處理。通過刀位點的雙向插值,解決垂直于截平面方向的刀具軌跡連接問題�；谧叩恫介L與逼近誤差的幾何關(guān)系,分析樣條曲線的插補方法,通過等參數(shù)直線逼近的方法,實現(xiàn)刀具軌跡的插補點坐標計算。(6)基于三角網(wǎng)格模型的刀具軌跡生成方法,開發(fā)了復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型的直接數(shù)控加工系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)了本論文提出的面向復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型刀具軌跡生成新方法。通過多個實例模型的加工實驗與結(jié)果分析,對刀具軌跡生成新方法的有效性進行了驗證,為復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型的直接數(shù)控加工提供了有效的理論依據(jù)。最后,進行全文的總結(jié),并總結(jié)展望在復雜曲面網(wǎng)格模型的直接數(shù)控加工方法研究中存在和需進一步解決的若干問題。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of aerospace, automobile, molds and consumer products, complex surface parts have been more and more applied. Triangular mesh model can be used to express the appearance of surface parts. It has the advantages of rapid flexibility and strong topological adaptability. It is used in the manufacturing of timber, quality detection, redesign and remanufacture engineering, etc. The field of related technology has been widely used. Direct numerical control machining based on triangular mesh model can avoid the complicated operation of reverse surface model, error control and surface quality. It is an important way to realize rapid manufacturing. However, triangular mesh model is composed of mesh only, the NC code is generated, the machining accuracy and the addition are added. There are still problems in the work quality and other aspects, which need further research. In this paper, the tool path generation method in the triangular mesh model direct numerical control machining is studied. The tool path of the complex surface mesh model is proposed by the experimental processing and defect analysis of the triangular mesh model based on the CL path method. The new method is generated, including the vertex offset method of grid model, the algorithm for generating the tool locus of the discrete error compensation and the tool path generation algorithm of the bidirectional interpolation, developing the direct numerical control machining system of the complex surface mesh model, generating the tool track of the complex surface mesh model, and realizing the direct numerical control machining of the triangular mesh model. The main research contents of this paper include the following aspects: (1) in-depth investigation of the direct numerical control processing method of complex surface mesh model, understanding the current research status at home and abroad in this field, analyzing the CL path method of cutting tool path generation in the triangular mesh model, and pointing out the key technologies in the tool path generation of the current triangular mesh model. The research content and implementation plan of this paper are determined. (2) based on the format description of the model file, the influence of the quality of the grid model on the tool path generation is analyzed, and the topology reconstruction method of the model data is proposed, which provides the effective model data for the tool path generation of the grid model. The CL path method based on the grid model is implemented. The actual processing of two kinds of mesh models is used to analyze the surface quality of the machined parts. The problem of convex concave pits, concave grooves and regional triangulation defects on the surface of the mesh model is found, and the key technical problems of the current grid model CL path method are clearly defined. (3) the vertex offset method based on the boundary vertex is proposed. The boundary vertex normal vector correction algorithm and the vertex offset distance compensation algorithm based on the weighting error of the adjacent face offset error can effectively improve the bias effect of the triangular mesh model. The boundary vertex method is used to solve the cutting problem caused by the deviation of the boundary vertex normal vector. The vector correction calculation eliminates the actual machining problem in the boundary area. Based on the actual bias distance of the bias model, the analysis of the offset distance is not enough to cause the cutting problem, and the offset error is reduced by the offset distance compensation based on the weighted offset error of the adjacent face offset error. (4) the tool loci generation side of the bias model is studied. Method based on the discrete error compensation tool site generation algorithm based on the intersection of approximate curved surface contour curve, which avoids the precision problem of the knife site calculation caused by the triangular mesh model discretization error. On the basis of the selection of the cutter and the calculation of the residual height, the cross section intersection method is studied in detail. The relation between the surface and the position of the mesh surface, the calculation method of cross section intersection is given. The influence of the discrete error of the triangular mesh model on the calculation precision of cross section intersection is analyzed in detail. The mechanism of the defect on the surface of the part is studied by the grid model. The calculation precision of the knife site is improved by the discrete error compensation of the knife site. (5) the knife site knife is studied. With the path generation method and the interpolation algorithm of tool path, the tool path generation algorithm of bidirectional interpolation is proposed to realize the smooth processing of the tool path. The tool path generation and smoothing of the cutting plane direction are realized by using the three inhomogeneous B spline curve interpolation method. Through bidirectional interpolation of the knife site, the vertical to the cutting plane square is solved. Based on the geometric relationship between the tool path length and the approximation error, the interpolation method of the spline curve is analyzed. The interpolation point coordinates of the tool path are calculated by the method of equal parameter straight line approximation. (6) the direct numerical control of the complex surface mesh model is developed based on the tool path generation method based on the triangular mesh model. In this paper, a new method of tool path generation for complex surface mesh model is realized. The effectiveness of the new method of tool path generation is verified by the processing experiments and results of multiple example models, which provides an effective theoretical basis for the direct numerical control machining of the complex surface mesh model. Finally, A summary of the whole paper and a summary of some problems that need further solution in the study of direct NC machining methods for complex curved surface mesh models are given.
【學位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG659

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