本文選題：電磁超聲 + 電磁聲發(fā)射�。� 參考：《河北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：開展高質(zhì)量、新型無損檢測(cè)技術(shù)的探索工作對(duì)提高金屬構(gòu)件的缺陷檢測(cè)效率、保證設(shè)備健康穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行有很強(qiáng)的實(shí)際意義。其中電磁應(yīng)力波檢測(cè)技術(shù)因具有無需耦合劑、極端環(huán)境適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、檢測(cè)效率高等優(yōu)勢(shì),受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。然而,在電磁應(yīng)力波檢測(cè)技術(shù)中,除線性電磁超聲檢測(cè)有較多的研究之外,而有關(guān)電磁聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)和非線性電磁超聲檢測(cè)的研究卻較少,有些關(guān)鍵問題尚不清楚,從而限制了該技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用。本文進(jìn)行了用于鋁合金裂紋的電磁應(yīng)力波檢測(cè)技術(shù)的研究,提出了基于線性電磁超聲、電磁聲發(fā)射、非線性電磁超聲檢測(cè)方法對(duì)不同尺度裂紋的檢測(cè)方案,旨在為該技術(shù)的工程應(yīng)用和推廣奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。本文主要研究工作如下:(1)電磁超聲對(duì)宏觀裂紋檢測(cè)問題的研究:在電磁超聲原理基礎(chǔ)上,將超聲點(diǎn)源解析與電磁-結(jié)構(gòu)完整換能過程的有限元仿真相聯(lián)立,而后對(duì)參數(shù)化電磁超聲換能器體波特征進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)而分析超聲體波對(duì)體內(nèi)孔洞缺陷的探測(cè)、超聲表面波對(duì)表面開口裂紋檢測(cè)的能力。研究結(jié)果表明,電磁超聲體波、表面波對(duì)于宏觀裂紋的尺寸、位置、數(shù)量等特征均具有很好的檢測(cè)效果。(2)對(duì)于電磁聲發(fā)射的理論研究:本文從位錯(cuò)動(dòng)力學(xué)及自由電子理論兩個(gè)方面研究了電磁載荷產(chǎn)生聲發(fā)射效應(yīng)問題,構(gòu)建了電磁加載聲發(fā)射能量釋放理論公式。對(duì)電磁聲發(fā)射參數(shù)與電磁載荷之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究,利用希爾伯特-黃變換方法處理電磁聲發(fā)射信號(hào)特性。研究結(jié)果表明,電磁聲發(fā)射的產(chǎn)生是漂移電子與位錯(cuò)之間的能量交換并推動(dòng)位錯(cuò)運(yùn)動(dòng)的結(jié)果。(3)電磁聲發(fā)射與電磁超聲復(fù)合檢測(cè)的研究:本文提出了電磁超聲-電磁聲發(fā)射復(fù)合檢測(cè)方案,設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的復(fù)合線圈、換能器靜磁場(chǎng)和阻抗匹配,并分析了電磁超聲-電磁聲發(fā)射復(fù)合檢測(cè)效率,實(shí)現(xiàn)了復(fù)合檢測(cè)中兩種檢測(cè)方法的優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)。研究結(jié)果表明,復(fù)合檢測(cè)中電磁聲發(fā)射模式可實(shí)現(xiàn)長距離聲發(fā)射信號(hào)特征的傳輸。(4)非線性電磁超聲檢測(cè)方法研究:本文通過將非線性超聲與電磁超聲技術(shù)相結(jié)合,克服傳統(tǒng)超聲對(duì)微細(xì)裂紋以及金屬構(gòu)件早期塑性變形檢測(cè)困難的問題。分析斜入射超聲波與微細(xì)裂紋非線性效應(yīng)作用情況,利用仿真、實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)微細(xì)裂紋、塑性變形的超聲非線性效應(yīng)進(jìn)行分析。研究結(jié)果表明,非線性電磁超聲具有對(duì)金屬構(gòu)件早期損傷檢測(cè)的可行性。
[Abstract]:The exploration of high quality and new nondestructive testing technology is of great practical significance in improving the efficiency of defect detection of metal components and ensuring the healthy and stable operation of the equipment. Electromagnetic stress wave detection technology has attracted wide attention because of its advantages such as no coupling agent, strong adaptability to extreme environment and high detection efficiency. However, in the electromagnetic stress wave detection technology, except for the linear electromagnetic ultrasonic detection, there are few studies on electromagnetic acoustic emission detection and nonlinear electromagnetic ultrasonic detection, and some key problems are not clear. Therefore, the popularization and application of this technology are limited. In this paper, the detection technology of electromagnetic stress wave for aluminum alloy cracks is studied. Based on linear electromagnetic ultrasonic, electromagnetic acoustic emission and nonlinear electromagnetic ultrasonic detection, the detection scheme of crack at different scales is proposed. The aim is to lay a theoretical foundation for the engineering application and popularization of this technology. The main research work of this paper is as follows: based on the principle of electromagnetic ultrasonic, the ultrasonic point source analysis is combined with the finite element simulation of the complete electromagnetic structure energy transfer process. Then the characteristics of body wave of parameterized electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer are analyzed, and the detection of hole defects and the ability of ultrasonic surface wave to detect open surface cracks are analyzed. The results show that the size and position of electromagnetic ultrasonic body wave and surface wave for macroscopic crack, The theoretical study of electromagnetic acoustic emission (EAE): in this paper, the acoustic emission effect caused by electromagnetic load is studied from dislocation dynamics and free electron theory. A theoretical formula for the energy release of electromagnetic loaded acoustic emission is established. The relationship between electromagnetic acoustic emission parameters and electromagnetic load is studied. Hilbert-Huang transform method is used to deal with the characteristics of electromagnetic acoustic emission signals. The results show that The generation of electromagnetic acoustic emission (EAE) is the result of energy exchange between drift electron and dislocation and the result of promoting dislocation motion. The corresponding composite coil, transducer static magnetic field and impedance matching are designed, and the efficiency of electromagnetic ultrasonic and electromagnetic acoustic emission composite detection is analyzed. The advantages of the two detection methods are complementary. The results show that the electromagnetic acoustic emission mode can realize the transmission of the characteristics of long range acoustic emission signal in the composite detection. The research of nonlinear electromagnetic ultrasonic detection method: this paper combines the nonlinear ultrasonic and electromagnetic ultrasonic technology. To overcome the problem of traditional ultrasonic detection of micro cracks and early plastic deformation of metal members. The effect of oblique incidence ultrasonic wave on the nonlinear effect of micro crack is analyzed. The ultrasonic nonlinear effect of micro crack and plastic deformation is analyzed by simulation and experiment. The results show that nonlinear electromagnetic ultrasound is feasible for early damage detection of metal components.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG115.28

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