本文選題：閉式楔橫軋 + 滾子擋板��； 參考：《寧波大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著鐵路和汽車行業(yè)對軸類件的需求日漸增大,對軸件材料利用率、產品質量與性能要求也愈來愈高。目前,楔橫軋因具有高效節(jié)能節(jié)材優(yōu)點而廣泛應用于軸類件的成形,然而在楔橫軋過程中出現(xiàn)端部凹心而需置料頭,導致材料利用率最高達到85%而難以再提高,成為其工藝發(fā)展的瓶頸。由此,本文提出了閉式楔橫軋成形軸端新工藝,用于解決端部凹心問題。本文采用了從后往前的研究順序,先對具有軸端的軸件進行開式軋制,通過Deform-3D有限元軟件分析軋制軸端成形過程中應力場、應變場、及軋制力、軋制力矩的變化,闡明軸端成形過程金屬流動規(guī)律及工藝參數(shù)對力能參數(shù)的影響規(guī)律,同時對軸端長度、臺階長度、臺階傾角、斷面收縮率等主要影響因素進行了交互試驗,得到了各工藝參數(shù)對軸件端部質量的影響主次,通過回歸得到了軸端長度和工藝參數(shù)的理論關系,最后進行了相應軋制實驗驗證,實驗結果與模擬結果基本一致。在此基礎上進行了閉式成形具有軸端的軸件研究,根據閉式楔橫軋成形軸件機理,設計了變擋楔角擋楔作用軸端端部,避免了端部金屬被擠進心部造成疏松,并對整個閉式軋制過程進行了應力場、應變場的分析,闡明了閉式軋制成形軸端的金屬流動規(guī)律。針對閉式軋制時存在的軸向凸起問題,本文在擋板設計上進行了創(chuàng)新,把矩形擋板改成了為了更加準確成形軸件外圓面的滾子擋板,有效地解決了軋件軸向凸起。最后在提高軸件軸端質量問題上提出了“平端-閉開聯(lián)合軋制”與“異形端-閉開聯(lián)合軋制”兩種新方法,對“異形端-閉開聯(lián)合軋制”成形機理進行了研究,并進行了相應的軋制實驗,進一步驗證了該方法的可行性。本文的研究成果為解決軸件端部凹心提供了可靠的理論依據,豐富了可軋軸件的多樣性,提高了軋件的材料利用率,為實際生產提供了理論指導。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for axle parts in railway and automobile industries, the requirements for material utilization, product quality and performance of axle parts are becoming higher and higher. At present, cross wedge rolling is widely used in the forming of shaft parts because of its advantages of high efficiency, energy saving and saving material. However, in the process of cross wedge rolling, because of the concave end part, the material utilization ratio is up to 85% and it is difficult to improve further. It becomes the bottleneck of technological development. Therefore, a new process of closed cross wedge rolling is proposed to solve the problem of end concave. In this paper, the research sequence from backward to forward is used to carry out open rolling of shaft parts with axial end. The stress field, strain field, rolling force and rolling moment are analyzed by Deform-3D finite element software. The law of metal flow and the influence of process parameters on the force and energy parameters are expounded. At the same time, the main influencing factors, such as axial end length, step inclination, section shrinkage and so on, are tested. The influence of the process parameters on the quality of the shaft end is obtained. The theoretical relationship between the length of the shaft and the process parameters is obtained by regression. Finally, the corresponding rolling experiments are carried out, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. On the basis of this, the research of closed forming shaft with axial end is carried out. According to the mechanism of closed wedge cross rolling, the end part of shaft with variable wedge angle is designed to avoid the looseness caused by the end metal being squeezed into the center. The stress field and strain field of the whole closed rolling process are analyzed, and the metal flow law at the axial end of the closed rolling forming is explained. Aiming at the problem of axial bulge in closed rolling, the design of baffle is innovated in this paper. The rectangular baffle is changed into roller baffle for forming the outer circle surface of shaft more accurately, which effectively solves the axial protruding of rolling piece. Finally, two new methods of "flat end-close joint rolling" and "special end-close joint rolling" are put forward to improve the quality of shaft end, and the forming mechanism of "special end-close joint rolling" is studied. The feasibility of the method is further verified by corresponding rolling experiments. The research results in this paper provide a reliable theoretical basis for solving the end concave of shaft parts, enrich the diversity of rolling shaft parts, improve the material utilization ratio of rolled pieces, and provide theoretical guidance for practical production.
【學位授予單位】：寧波大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG335.19

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本文編號：2004829