本文選題：強流脈沖電子束 + 表面合金化��； 參考：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鋼鐵材料是目前使用極為廣泛的工程材料之一,運用先進的表面處理技術(shù)來提高鋼鐵表面性能、延長使用壽命對世界工業(yè)的發(fā)展有著十分重要的作用。本文利用近些年來深受學(xué)者青睞的表面處理技術(shù)—強流脈沖電子束(HCPEB)裝置,選用碳鋼(20#鋼、45#鋼)和灰鑄鐵為基體材料進行表面Cr元素合金化處理。采用X射線衍射(XRD)對樣品輻照前后的物相變化進行檢測,使用光學(xué)顯微鏡(OM)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)及透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)對合金化處理前后樣品的表面形貌以及表層顯微結(jié)構(gòu)變化進行分析。使用維氏硬度計測試合金化處理前后樣品的表面及截面硬度變化,并使用電化學(xué)工作站測試合金化處理前后樣品的耐腐蝕性能變化。通過分析碳鋼及鑄鐵材料在不同脈沖次數(shù)下,其試樣表層組織結(jié)構(gòu)以及表層硬度等性能的改變情況,建立脈沖次數(shù)—含碳量—表面合金化之間的影響機制。結(jié)果表明:20#鋼和45#鋼HCPEB輻照合金化后,兩種材料樣品表面都有熔坑出現(xiàn)。20#鋼樣品HCPEB輻照處理后,材料表面熔坑較45#鋼樣品淺,表面形貌看起來更均勻、平坦。兩種樣品表面都形成了合金化改性層,其厚度范圍約為4~9μm之間,合金化層由重熔層和Cr擴散層組成。Cr在樣品表面發(fā)生擴散,并在基體內(nèi)與C元素結(jié)合生成顆粒細小的Cr23C6增強相。顯微硬度測試結(jié)果表明,兩種材料經(jīng)HCPEB輻照合金化后,其表面明顯得到強化,并且隨著脈沖次數(shù)的升高,表面顯微硬度值呈上升趨勢,45#鋼表面顯微硬度提高幅度高于20#鋼樣品。電化學(xué)實驗結(jié)果表明,HCPEB輻照合金化處理可顯著改善20#鋼和45#鋼樣品表面的耐蝕性能,其中,20#鋼表面耐腐蝕性效果提高更為明顯。利用HCPEB技術(shù)對灰鑄鐵材料進行Cr元素表面合金化,經(jīng)過HCPEB輻照合金化后,樣品表面有熔坑出現(xiàn),同時表面石墨發(fā)生明顯裂解、溶解現(xiàn)象。其表層均形成了厚度約為5~11μm的合金化層,合金化層由重熔層和Cr擴散層組成;Cr在樣品表面發(fā)生擴散,基體內(nèi)析出顆粒細小的Cr23C6增強相。顯微硬度測試結(jié)果表明,合金化后的鑄鐵樣品其表面強度得到明顯優(yōu)化,其效果隨脈沖次數(shù)提高而愈加明顯。電化學(xué)實驗結(jié)果表明,鑄鐵材料合金化后其耐腐蝕性能改善不大,僅在高次數(shù)脈沖輻照合金化下略有增加。表面粗糙度、表層組織均勻性,Cr元素的固溶作用等因素共同決定了樣品表層的耐腐蝕性。
[Abstract]:Iron and steel material is one of the most widely used engineering materials at present. It is very important for the development of the world industry to use advanced surface treatment technology to improve the surface properties of iron and steel and prolong its service life. In this paper, the high current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) device, a surface treatment technology favored by scholars in recent years, was used to alloying Cr elements on the surface of carbon steel 20 # steel 4) and gray cast iron. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to detect the phase changes of the samples before and after irradiation. The surface morphology and microstructure of the samples before and after alloying were analyzed by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Vickers hardness meter was used to measure the surface and cross section hardness of the samples before and after alloying, and electrochemical workstation was used to test the corrosion resistance of the samples before and after alloying. The influence mechanism of pulse times, carbon content and surface alloying was established by analyzing the changes of surface microstructure and hardness of carbon steel and cast iron under different pulse times. The results show that after HCPEB irradiation alloying, there are melting pits on the surface of both kinds of samples. After HCPEB irradiation treatment, the surface melting pit is lighter than that of 4steel, and the surface appearance is more uniform and flat. The alloying modification layer was formed on both surfaces, and the thickness range was about 49 渭 m. The alloying layer consisted of a remelting layer and a Cr diffusion layer, which diffused on the surface of the sample, and combined with C element in the base to form a fine Cr23C6 reinforcement phase. The results of microhardness test show that the surface of the two materials is obviously strengthened after HCPEB irradiation alloying, and with the increase of pulse number, the increase of surface microhardness of 4steel is higher than that of steel 20#. The results of electrochemical experiments show that HCPEB irradiation alloying treatment can improve the corrosion resistance of 20 # steel and 4 # steel, especially the corrosion resistance of 20 # steel. The surface alloying of Cr element in gray cast iron was carried out by HCPEB technology. After HCPEB irradiation alloying, the surface of the sample appeared melting pits, and the graphite on the surface of the sample was obviously cracked and dissolved. The alloying layer is about 5 渭 m thick. The alloying layer consists of a remelting layer and a Cr diffusion layer, which diffuses Cr on the surface of the sample and precipitates a fine Cr23C6 reinforcement phase in the substrate. The results of microhardness test show that the surface strength of alloyed cast iron samples is obviously optimized and the effect is more obvious with the increase of pulse number. The results of electrochemical experiments showed that the corrosion resistance of cast iron was not improved after alloying, but only slightly increased under high frequency pulse irradiation alloying. The corrosion resistance of the surface layer is determined by the surface roughness and the surface structure homogeneity and the solid solution action of Cr element.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG174.445

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