本文選題：東黃海 + 離岸海水腐蝕　； 參考：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國(guó)科學(xué)院海洋研究所)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類對(duì)海洋開(kāi)發(fā)的日益深入,海洋結(jié)構(gòu)用鋼被廣泛應(yīng)用于各項(xiàng)海洋事業(yè),但是由于海洋環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性,使這些材料面臨著嚴(yán)重的腐蝕問(wèn)題。目前有關(guān)海洋腐蝕的研究多集中在室內(nèi)或海濱、岸基試驗(yàn)站,缺少對(duì)離岸海水腐蝕行為和腐蝕過(guò)程的研究。因此,充分了解典型環(huán)境因素對(duì)海水,尤其是離岸海水中鋼材腐蝕行為的影響,對(duì)海洋工程有重要的參考意義。基于以上背景,本文分別進(jìn)行了四種鋼材春季、夏季、秋季、冬季在黃、東海海域共四個(gè)航次的調(diào)查;應(yīng)用動(dòng)電位極化曲線、電化學(xué)阻抗(EIS)技術(shù)在科學(xué)三號(hào)及東方紅二號(hào)科考船船載實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)場(chǎng)對(duì)四種鋼材在黃、東海離岸海水中的腐蝕電化學(xué)行為進(jìn)行了初步研究并結(jié)合形貌分析研究了其季節(jié)變化規(guī)律。獲得的具體實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)包括:45#中碳鋼、Q235低碳鋼、X80管線鋼及316L不銹鋼在2016年夏季和冬季在黃海海域各20個(gè)站位的開(kāi)路電位、動(dòng)電位極化曲線、電化學(xué)阻抗數(shù)據(jù);上述四種鋼材2016年在東海海域春季18個(gè)站位和秋季20個(gè)站位的開(kāi)路電位、動(dòng)電位極化曲線、電化學(xué)阻抗數(shù)據(jù)。本論文的主要結(jié)論如下:(1)在黃海海域,45#中碳鋼、Q235低碳鋼和X80管線鋼的腐蝕速率空間分布基本呈近岸低、遠(yuǎn)岸高及明顯的南低北高的趨勢(shì),這種分布趨勢(shì)明顯與黃海海域溶解氧的分布一致;316L不銹鋼的腐蝕速率在黃海海域的分布基本均勻,無(wú)明顯的空間變化。45#中碳鋼、Q235低碳鋼和X80管線鋼在黃海海域的腐蝕行為季節(jié)變化明顯,冬季腐蝕較夏季嚴(yán)重,在近岸海域三種鋼材的腐蝕情況與低氧區(qū)的形成及消亡密切相關(guān),中部海域的腐蝕情況則受到黃海冷水團(tuán)(夏季)及黃海暖流(冬季)系統(tǒng)的影響;而316L不銹鋼腐蝕情況在黃海海域沒(méi)有顯著的季節(jié)變化。(2)在東海海域,45#中碳鋼、Q235低碳鋼和X80管線鋼的腐蝕速率空間分布基本呈近岸低、遠(yuǎn)岸高的趨勢(shì),這種分布趨勢(shì)主要受溫度、鹽度、溶解氧的共同影響;316L不銹鋼的腐蝕速率在東海海域的分布基本均勻,無(wú)明顯的空間變化。45#中碳鋼、Q235低碳鋼和X80管線鋼在東海海域的腐蝕行為季節(jié)變化明顯,秋季腐蝕較春季嚴(yán)重,在近岸海域三種碳鋼的腐蝕情況與低氧區(qū)的形成及消亡和東海沿岸水的性質(zhì)密切相關(guān),中部海域腐蝕情況則受臺(tái)灣暖流的影響,而316L不銹鋼腐蝕行為在東海海域無(wú)明顯的季節(jié)變化。(3)在東海及黃海海域,45#中碳鋼、Q235低碳鋼和X80管線鋼的腐蝕速率空間分布都呈現(xiàn)出近岸低、遠(yuǎn)岸高的共同趨勢(shì),316L不銹鋼的腐蝕速率則無(wú)明顯的空間變化。就耐蝕性而言,316L不銹鋼的耐腐蝕性能最好,其次為X80管線鋼和45#中碳鋼,Q235低碳鋼的耐蝕性最差,這主要與它們的微觀組織結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:With the development of ocean, steel for marine structure is widely used in various marine undertakings. However, due to the complexity of marine environment, these materials are faced with serious corrosion problems. At present, the researches on marine corrosion mainly focus on indoor or coastal, shore-based test stations, and lack of research on the corrosion behavior and corrosion process of offshore seawater. Therefore, understanding the influence of typical environmental factors on the corrosion behavior of steel in seawater, especially offshore seawater, has important reference significance for marine engineering. Based on the above background, four kinds of steel in spring, summer, autumn and winter were investigated in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, and the potentiodynamic polarization curve was used. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique was used to study the corrosion electrochemical behavior of four kinds of steels in offshore waters of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea at the site of the Shipboard Laboratory of Science No.3 and Dongfanghong No. 2. The seasonal variation of four steels in the offshore waters of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea was studied by means of morphological analysis. The specific experimental data obtained include the open-circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization curve and electrochemical impedance data of 20 stations in the Huang Hai sea area in summer and winter of 2016, respectively, for 1: 4 medium carbon steel, Q235 low carbon steel, X80 pipeline steel and 316L stainless steel in the summer and winter of 2016. The open circuit potential, dynamic potential polarization curve and electrochemical impedance data of 18 stations in spring and 20 stations in autumn in the East China Sea in 2016. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the corrosion rate spatial distribution of Q235 and X80 pipeline steels in the Huang Hai sea area is basically low in the near shore, low in the far shore and high in the south and north. This distribution trend is obviously consistent with the distribution of dissolved oxygen in the Huang Hai sea area. The corrosion rate of stainless steel 316L is basically uniform in the Huang Hai sea area. The corrosion behavior of Q235 low carbon steel and X80 pipeline steel without obvious spatial variation is obvious in Huang Hai, and the corrosion in winter is more serious than that in summer. The corrosion of three kinds of steels in coastal waters is closely related to the formation and extinction of low oxygen zone. The corrosion in the central sea area is affected by the Huang Hai cold water mass (summer) and the Huang Hai warm current (winter) system. However, the corrosion rate of 316L stainless steel has no significant seasonal variation in Huang Hai. 2) in the East China Sea, the corrosion rates of Q235 low carbon steel and X80 pipeline steel show a trend of low near shore and high in far shore, which is mainly affected by temperature. The distribution of corrosion rate of stainless steel in the East China Sea is basically uniform, and the corrosion behavior of Q235 low carbon steel and X80 pipeline steel in the East China Sea is obviously different from that of medium carbon steel, Q235 low carbon steel and X80 pipeline steel in the East China Sea, and there is no obvious spatial change in the corrosion behavior of Q235 low carbon steel and X80 pipeline steel in the East China Sea. The corrosion in autumn is more serious than that in spring. The corrosion of three kinds of carbon steels in the coastal area is closely related to the formation and extinction of the low oxygen zone and the nature of the coastal water in the East China Sea, while the corrosion situation in the central sea area is affected by the Taiwan warm current. However, the corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel has no obvious seasonal variation in the East China Sea. The corrosion rate of 316L stainless steel has no obvious spatial variation. In terms of corrosion resistance, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel was the best, followed by X80 pipeline steel and 4medium carbon steel Q235 low carbon steel, which was mainly related to their microstructure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)(中國(guó)科學(xué)院海洋研究所)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG172.5;P755.3

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