本文選題：超聲檢測 + 導(dǎo)波　； 參考：《北京航空航天大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：為了實現(xiàn)鋁蒙皮蜂窩板粘接質(zhì)量的快速無損檢測,研究了鋁蒙皮蜂窩板粘接質(zhì)量超聲導(dǎo)波檢測的相關(guān)理論和方法,設(shè)計了一套鋁蒙皮蜂窩板粘接質(zhì)量超聲導(dǎo)波檢測系統(tǒng)。首先研究了單層板和雙層板中導(dǎo)波的相關(guān)理論。建立了薄鋁板和雙層板中導(dǎo)波的數(shù)學(xué)模型,編程計算了導(dǎo)波的頻散曲線,分析了導(dǎo)波的波結(jié)構(gòu),采用有限元法分別對薄鋁板和雙層板中的導(dǎo)波做了數(shù)值仿真。針對膠接結(jié)構(gòu)中一般比較薄的膠層,研究了膠層對鋁蒙皮蜂窩板中導(dǎo)波產(chǎn)生的影響。接著設(shè)計了鋁蒙皮蜂窩板的超聲導(dǎo)波檢測系統(tǒng)。確定了探頭頻率,選擇了導(dǎo)波檢測模式,設(shè)計了超聲導(dǎo)波的激勵和接收方式,編寫了超聲導(dǎo)波檢測系統(tǒng)的控制軟件,在此期間,提取了檢測脫粘缺陷的第一個特征值:信號電壓幅值。然后針對導(dǎo)波信號的非平穩(wěn)特性和頻散現(xiàn)象,研究了超聲導(dǎo)波信號的處理方法。采用均值平滑濾波法和小波降噪法對信號進行了降噪處理,消除了信號中的大部分隨機噪聲;分別用短時傅立葉變換和小波變換兩種時頻分析方法對導(dǎo)波信號進行了時頻分析,得到了導(dǎo)波傳播過程中模式發(fā)生變換的相關(guān)情況;采用Mallat算法對導(dǎo)波信號進行了多分辨率分析,提取了脫粘缺陷判別的第二個特征值:d3小波細節(jié)信號。最后分別采用S0和A0模式分別對不同的脫粘缺陷和對鋁蒙皮蜂窩板試樣的脫粘缺陷進行了檢測試驗,針對一發(fā)一收檢測方式不能對缺陷進行定位和大小判斷的不足,提出了X-Y二維線掃描叉乘疊加法對一發(fā)一收檢測方式下的導(dǎo)波線掃描成像方法。試驗結(jié)果表明:采用頻厚積為1.5MHz-mm的A0模式對鋁蒙皮蜂窩板脫粘缺陷的檢測效果較好,利用X-Y二維線掃描叉乘疊加法可有效實現(xiàn)一發(fā)一收檢測方式下導(dǎo)波信號成像。與傳統(tǒng)超聲波穿透法相比,采用導(dǎo)波法檢測蜂窩板試樣,其檢測效率可提高27.5倍。
[Abstract]:In order to realize the fast nondestructive testing of the bonding quality of aluminum coated honeycomb plate, the theory and method of ultrasonic guided wave testing for bonding quality of aluminum coated honeycomb plate were studied, and a set of ultrasonic guided wave testing system for bonding quality of aluminum coated honeycomb plate was designed. Firstly, the theory of guided wave in single layer plate and double layer plate is studied. The mathematical model of guided wave in thin aluminum plate and bilayer plate is established, the dispersion curve of guided wave is calculated by programming, the wave structure of guided wave is analyzed, and the numerical simulation of guided wave in thin aluminum plate and bilayer plate is done by using finite element method. In this paper, the influence of adhesive layer on the guided wave in aluminum honeycomb plate is studied. Then the ultrasonic guided wave detection system of aluminum honeycomb plate is designed. The probe frequency is determined, the guided wave detection mode is selected, the excitation and receiving mode of ultrasonic guided wave is designed, and the control software of ultrasonic guided wave detection system is compiled. The first characteristic value for detecting debonding defect is extracted: the amplitude of signal voltage. Then, the processing method of ultrasonic guided wave signal is studied according to the nonstationary characteristic and dispersion phenomenon of guided wave signal. The mean smoothing filtering method and wavelet denoising method are used to reduce the noise of the signal to eliminate most of the random noise in the signal, and two time-frequency analysis methods, the short-time Fourier transform and the wavelet transform, are used to analyze the pilot wave signal. The correlation of mode transformation in the process of guided wave propagation is obtained, and the Mallat algorithm is used to analyze the guided wave signal with multi-resolution, and the second eigenvalue: D3 wavelet detail signal is extracted for the discrimination of debonding defects. Finally, the S0 and A0 modes were used to detect the different debonding defects and the debonding defects of aluminum honeycomb plates, respectively. In this paper, the X Y two dimensional scanning cross multiplication superposition method is proposed for the guided line scanning imaging under one source and one receiving detection mode. The experimental results show that the A0 mode with frequency thickness product (1.5MHz-mm) is effective in detecting the debonding defects of aluminum honeycomb plates. The X-Y two-dimensional scanning cross multiplication superposition method can effectively realize the guided wave signal imaging under the mode of "one send and one receive" detection. Compared with the traditional ultrasonic penetration method, the efficiency of detecting honeycomb plate by guided wave method can be increased by 27.5 times.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG115.285

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本文編號：1954621