本文選題：硬質(zhì)合金 + 激光超聲復(fù)合切削�。� 參考：《河南理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：采用單晶金剛石刀具,普通切削加工硬質(zhì)合金材料時,因連續(xù)切削且金剛石刀具紅硬性差,影響刀具使用壽命,加工表面容易出現(xiàn)脆性裂紋,質(zhì)量難以保證;采用金剛石砂輪對硬質(zhì)合金進(jìn)行磨削加工時,為了進(jìn)一步提高工件精度并減輕磨削痕跡,需進(jìn)行多次超精加工,制造成本高昂,且難以達(dá)到現(xiàn)代工業(yè)對加工效率、復(fù)雜度和精度的要求。為改善硬質(zhì)合金材料的切削加工性能,實(shí)現(xiàn)高效延性精密加工,本文提出一種新型復(fù)合切削技術(shù)—激光加熱與超聲振動輔助復(fù)合切削(簡稱激光超聲復(fù)合切削)來精密加工硬質(zhì)合金。首先,建立激光超聲復(fù)合下的硬質(zhì)合金材料的非局部損傷模型,描述振動參數(shù)、溫度參數(shù)與非局部核函數(shù)中的內(nèi)部特征參數(shù)的聯(lián)系,仿真一維桿在超聲激勵下的應(yīng)變局部化,進(jìn)行激光超聲復(fù)合下的試件軸向拉伸有限元仿真。其次,分析變幅桿上所開斜槽的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對變幅桿振幅與諧振頻率的影響,依據(jù)影響規(guī)律設(shè)計變幅桿,進(jìn)行切削實(shí)驗(yàn),基于獲得的切削力和工件表面質(zhì)量,選出合適的變幅桿,完成激光超聲復(fù)合切削實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺的搭建。接著,建立激光超聲復(fù)合下的硬質(zhì)合金的脆性—延性轉(zhuǎn)變臨界切削深度模型,分析加工模式、切削參數(shù)、加熱溫度、硬質(zhì)合金材料性能對臨界切深的影響,并研究材料去除方式的轉(zhuǎn)變對表面質(zhì)量的影響。最后,建立復(fù)合切削硬質(zhì)合金時的切削力理論模型,分析激光超聲復(fù)合精密切削硬質(zhì)合金時的切削力特性,研究激光超聲復(fù)合精密切削硬質(zhì)合金時的刀具磨損及其對表面質(zhì)量的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:超聲激勵與材料溫度的提升會加劇應(yīng)變局部化現(xiàn)象,材料局部軟化程度更加明顯,使得激光超聲復(fù)合精密切削模式下的硬質(zhì)合金脆性—延性轉(zhuǎn)變臨界切深遠(yuǎn)大于超聲橢圓振動精密切削模式與傳統(tǒng)加工模式,切削力顯著降低。超聲波振幅與頻率越大,加熱的溫度越高,刀具刃口半徑越小與材料中的Co含量越高,脆性—延性轉(zhuǎn)變臨界切深值越大,切削力越小,刀具磨損程度越輕,加工表面質(zhì)量越好,表面粗糙度值越小。當(dāng)超聲橢圓振動的共振頻率f為35KHz與縱向振幅為2.1μm時,硬質(zhì)合金的脆性—延性轉(zhuǎn)變臨界切深在切削速度v=10m/min附近達(dá)到峰值。激光超聲復(fù)合切削可以增加延性域切削,提高硬質(zhì)合金的切削加工性能,切削過程更穩(wěn)定,實(shí)現(xiàn)精密加工硬質(zhì)合金的目的。
[Abstract]:When single crystal diamond tool is used, when cutting cemented carbide material, it is difficult to guarantee the quality because of the continuous cutting and poor red hardness of diamond tool, which affects the tool service life and the brittle crack on the machined surface. In order to further improve the precision of the workpiece and reduce the trace of grinding, it is necessary to carry out several super-finishing machining when grinding cemented carbide with diamond grinding wheel. The manufacturing cost is high, and it is difficult to achieve the efficiency of modern industrial machining. Complexity and accuracy requirements. In order to improve the cutting performance of cemented carbide material and realize high efficiency ductility precision machining, In this paper, a new type of compound cutting technology, laser heating and ultrasonic vibration assisted composite cutting (LASC), is proposed for precision machining of cemented carbides. Firstly, the nonlocal damage model of cemented carbide materials under laser ultrasonic recombination is established, the vibration parameters, the relationship between temperature parameters and internal characteristic parameters in nonlocal kernel function are described, and the strain localization of one-dimensional bar under ultrasonic excitation is simulated. The axial tensile finite element simulation of the specimen under laser ultrasonic composite is carried out. Secondly, the influence of structural parameters of sloping slot on amplitude change rod and resonant frequency is analyzed. According to the law of influence, the variable amplitude rod is designed and cutting experiment is carried out. Based on the obtained cutting force and the surface quality of workpiece, the appropriate amplitude change rod is selected. The experimental platform of laser ultrasonic combined cutting is built. Then, the critical cutting depth model of brittle ductility transition of cemented carbide under laser ultrasonic recombination is established, and the effects of machining mode, cutting parameters, heating temperature and cemented carbide material properties on critical cutting depth are analyzed. The influence of the change of material removal mode on the surface quality was also studied. Finally, a theoretical model of cutting force in composite cutting of cemented carbide is established, and the cutting force characteristics of laser ultrasonic combined precision cutting of cemented carbide are analyzed. The tool wear and its influence on the surface quality of cemented carbide were studied. The results show that the phenomenon of strain localization will be aggravated by ultrasonic excitation and the increase of material temperature, and the local softening degree of the material will be more obvious. The critical shear of brittle ductility transition of cemented carbide under laser ultrasonic combined precision cutting mode is more profound than that of ultrasonic elliptical vibration precision cutting mode and traditional machining mode, and the cutting force is obviously reduced. The larger the amplitude and frequency of ultrasonic wave, the higher the heating temperature, the smaller the cutting edge radius and the higher the Co content in the material, the greater the critical cutting depth of brittleness and ductility transition, the smaller the cutting force, the lighter the wear degree of the tool and the better the quality of the machined surface. The surface roughness value is smaller. When the resonance frequency f of ultrasonic elliptic vibration is 35KHz and the longitudinal amplitude is 2.1 渭 m, the critical shear depth of brittleness ductility transition of cemented carbide reaches its peak near the cutting speed v=10m/min. Laser ultrasonic combined cutting can increase the ductility of cutting, improve the cutting performance of cemented carbide, and the cutting process is more stable, so the purpose of precision machining of cemented carbide can be realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG506.7;TG66

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