本文選題：筒形件 + 拉深��； 參考：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：筒形件拉深是指在壓力機上利用模具將圓形板料加工成圓筒形狀的一種金屬板料加工方法,在機械加工中有著十分廣泛的應(yīng)用。在拉深成形過程中,起皺、破裂以及減薄是評價成形件質(zhì)量的重要指標(biāo)。同時,壓邊力是影響拉深件成形質(zhì)量指標(biāo)的一個重要因素,通過加載不同形式的壓邊力,可以影響成形質(zhì)量。因此,隨著對拉深件質(zhì)量要求不斷提高,對變壓邊力和變壓邊力加載裝置的研究成為拉深工藝中的一個熱點。本文以筒形件拉深為研究對象,推導(dǎo)隨拉深行程變化的臨界起皺和破裂壓邊力,運用數(shù)值模擬軟件,分析不同壓邊力對厚度減薄的影響規(guī)律,提出更加合理的壓邊力變化形式,并設(shè)計一套變壓邊力加載裝置。主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)果如下:(1)通過建立筒形件的起皺模型以及數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式,根據(jù)能量法,推導(dǎo)出抑制筒形件起皺的下臨界壓邊力;通過建立筒形件破裂模型,根據(jù)拉深過程中材料的拉應(yīng)力承受極限和所受拉應(yīng)力,推導(dǎo)出防止筒形件破裂的上臨界壓邊力。結(jié)合具體案列,推導(dǎo)出預(yù)防起皺和破裂的壓邊力具體區(qū)間。(2)通過建立有限元分析模型,利用殼單元對模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分,采用面面接觸,施加載荷和約束,施加按照理論分析獲得的最大、最小臨界壓邊力載荷,分析總結(jié)壁厚的變化規(guī)律。(3)通過分析施加不同恒壓邊力時筒形件壁厚變化情況,給定模擬區(qū)間,在此區(qū)間內(nèi)模擬傳統(tǒng)壓邊力加載形式(遞增型、遞減型、指數(shù)型),分析其拉深過程中壁厚減薄狀況和材料的流動情況,討論其對于拉深成形的影響,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出新型的壓邊力加載方式,并進(jìn)行仿真驗證,總結(jié)新型壓邊力相對與其它傳統(tǒng)型壓邊力的優(yōu)勢。(4)根據(jù)提出的新型壓邊力曲線,設(shè)計出一套可以實現(xiàn)新型壓邊力曲線的機械式拉深模具裝置,并對裝置的部件進(jìn)行設(shè)計,建立裝置的二維和三維模型,進(jìn)行可行性分析。綜上所述,本文建立了筒形件拉深力學(xué)分析模型,推導(dǎo)出起皺與拉裂狀態(tài)下對應(yīng)的上、下臨界壓邊力計算公式;建立了筒形件拉深有限元分析模型,獲得了加載上、下臨界壓邊力下,零件壁厚的變化情況;分析了常用壓邊力加載方式對壁厚減薄的影響,基于合理壁厚減薄假設(shè),提出了合理的壓邊力曲線,并設(shè)計了相應(yīng)的機械式變壓邊力裝置。上述研究結(jié)果對提高筒形件拉深質(zhì)量具有一定的理論及應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:Deep drawing of cylindrical parts is a kind of metal sheet machining method which uses die to make circular sheet into cylindrical shape on press. It is widely used in mechanical machining. In the process of drawing, wrinkling, cracking and thinning are important indexes to evaluate the quality of forming parts. At the same time, the blank holder force is an important factor that affects the forming quality of deep drawing parts. By loading different forms of blank holder force, the forming quality can be affected. Therefore, with the continuous improvement of the quality of drawing parts, the research of variable blank holder force and variable blank holder loading device has become a hot spot in drawing process. In this paper, the critical wrinkling and fracture blank holder forces varying with drawing stroke are deduced, and the influence of different blank holder forces on thickness thinning is analyzed by using numerical simulation software, and a more reasonable change form of blank holder force is put forward. And a set of variable blank holder loading device is designed. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) by establishing the wrinkling model and mathematical expression of the cylindrical part, according to the energy method, the lower critical blank holder force is derived to suppress the wrinkling of the cylindrical part, and the fracture model of the cylindrical part is established. According to the limit of the tensile stress and the tensile stress in the drawing process, the upper critical blank holder force to prevent the cylinder from breaking is deduced. Combined with the specific case list, the concrete interval of blank holding force to prevent wrinkling and fracture is derived. By establishing the finite element analysis model, the model is meshed by shell element, the surface contact is adopted, and the load and constraint are imposed. Applying the maximum and minimum critical blank holder force load obtained according to the theoretical analysis, and analyzing and summarizing the variation law of wall thickness. (3) by analyzing the variation of wall thickness of cylindrical parts with different constant blank holder forces, a given simulation interval is given. In this region, the traditional blank holder loading forms (incremental, decreasing and exponential) are simulated. The wall thickness reduction and material flow in the drawing process are analyzed, and the influence on the drawing forming is discussed. On this basis, a new loading method of blank holder force is put forward and verified by simulation. The advantages of new blank holder force compared with other traditional blank holder forces are summarized. (4) according to the proposed new blank holder force curve, A set of mechanical drawing die device which can realize a new type of blank holder force curve is designed, and the components of the device are designed, the two dimensional and three dimensional models of the device are established, and the feasibility analysis is carried out. To sum up, this paper establishes the mechanics analysis model of cylinder drawing, deduces the calculation formula of upper and lower critical blank holder force corresponding to wrinkle and tension state, establishes the finite element analysis model of cylindrical drawing, and obtains the loading upper, Under the lower critical blank holder force, the change of the wall thickness of the part is analyzed, and the influence of the normal load mode on the wall thickness reduction is analyzed. Based on the assumption of reasonable wall thickness thinning, a reasonable blank holder force curve is proposed. The corresponding mechanical variable blank holder is designed. The above results have certain theoretical and practical value for improving the drawing quality of cylindrical parts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG386

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