本文選題：環(huán)保砂 + 綠色鑄造��； 參考：《東華大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：砂型鑄造是鑄造工藝的主要方法,其中濕型砂適用范圍最廣,耗用量最大。國內(nèi)外廣泛使用的煤粉濕型砂廢砂排放量大,污染環(huán)境嚴重;鑄造生產(chǎn)中產(chǎn)生的有毒、有害氣體既污染環(huán)境又影響工人健康。因此,實現(xiàn)砂型鑄造的綠色清潔生產(chǎn)對實現(xiàn)“綠色鑄造”具有極其重要的意義。東華大學與企業(yè)合作,研究開發(fā)了一種環(huán)保型黃壤土砂,該環(huán)保砂顏色呈土黃色,全由無機材料組成。使用這種型砂進行鑄造生產(chǎn),車間干凈,不會排放有害氣體危害工人健康,且舊砂不會污染環(huán)境。環(huán)保砂的常溫濕壓強度高,可用做型(芯)砂材料。本文主要介紹作者對環(huán)保砂的鑄造回用性能和熱物理性能進行研究。首先,研究了熱作用對環(huán)保型黃壤土砂鑄造性能的影響。測試研究環(huán)保砂和煤粉砂在不同溫度下多次燒損后濕壓強度和透氣性的變化,使用熱分析儀對環(huán)保型砂進行差熱分析及熱重分析,使用熱臺偏光顯微鏡觀察型砂在升溫過程中形態(tài)變化。通過分析其DSC-TG曲線及高溫形態(tài)變化,解釋型砂在不同溫度燒損后濕壓強度和透氣性的變化。研究結(jié)果表明,隨燒損溫度上升,環(huán)保砂強度下降趨勢比煤粉砂緩和的多,適應(yīng)溫度范圍更寬,耐燒損能力更強,環(huán)保砂回用性更好。其次,通過向環(huán)保型黃壤土砂添加少量添加劑,探究環(huán)保砂的抗壓強度、殘留強度、高溫熱壓強度以及存放穩(wěn)定性的變化,以期得到性能更加完善的環(huán)保砂。研究結(jié)果表明,環(huán)保砂加入適量添加劑能大幅提升型砂的抗壓強度和高溫熱壓強度,殘留強度雖有一定提升但仍在合理范圍內(nèi),潰散性很好;熱膨脹性能降低,能有效防止鑄件變形,同時良好的存放穩(wěn)定性能夠使環(huán)保砂在造型之前保持良好的性能。然后,對環(huán)保型黃壤土砂的熱導率、比熱容、導溫系數(shù)、和高溫熱膨脹性等熱物理性能進行系統(tǒng)的測試研究,并和傳統(tǒng)煤粉濕型砂進行對比,進一步認識環(huán)保砂的熱物性特點。之后對環(huán)保砂添加HB粘結(jié)劑,研究HB粘結(jié)劑含量對環(huán)保砂熱物性的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,環(huán)保砂的熱導率、比熱容高于煤粉砂,導溫系數(shù)略低于煤粉砂,高溫熱膨脹性能基本一致。適量HB粘結(jié)劑的加入可有效降低環(huán)保砂的熱導率、熱膨脹率,同時提高其比熱容和導溫系數(shù)。環(huán)保砂這些優(yōu)異的熱物理性能使鑄件在鑄型中冷卻凝固時能更好的保證質(zhì)量。最后,為了驗證環(huán)保型黃壤土砂用做型(芯)砂材料對鑄件質(zhì)量和鑄造缺陷的影響,對環(huán)保砂進行了澆注驗證并與煤粉砂進行了對比,從鑄件的粘砂和表面粗糙度兩個方面來考察環(huán)保型黃壤土砂的適用性。實驗結(jié)果表明:環(huán)保型黃壤土砂鑄件表面能形成易剝離的燒結(jié)殼,輕敲即可脫落,鑄件表面光潔、細膩,鑄件質(zhì)量好。研究工作對深入了解環(huán)保型黃壤土砂的循環(huán)使用性能,控制生產(chǎn)鑄件成本,推行綠色環(huán)保鑄造生產(chǎn)工藝,具有基礎(chǔ)性的指導作用。
[Abstract]:Sand mold casting is the main method of casting technology, in which wet sand is the most widely used and the consumption is the largest. The waste sand of pulverized coal powder is widely used at home and abroad, which pollutes the environment seriously, and the poisonous and harmful gases produced in foundry not only pollute the environment but also affect the health of workers. Therefore, it is very important to realize green cleaner production of sand mold casting. A kind of environmental friendly yellow loam sand has been developed by Donghua University in collaboration with enterprises. The environmental friendly sand is khaki-colored and composed of inorganic materials. The molding sand is used for foundry production, the workshop is clean, the harmful gas will not be emitted and the old sand will not pollute the environment. Environmental-friendly sand has high wet compression strength at room temperature and can be used as core sand material. This paper mainly introduces the author's research on the foundry reusability and thermophysical properties of environmentally friendly sand. Firstly, the effect of thermal action on casting properties of environmental friendly yellow loam sand was studied. The changes of wet compression strength and permeability of environmental friendly sand and pulverized coal sand after repeated burning at different temperatures were studied. The differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis of environmental friendly sand were carried out by using thermal analyzer. The morphologic changes of molding sand during heating process were observed by means of hot platform polarizing microscope. By analyzing the DSC-TG curve and the change of high temperature morphology, the changes of wet compression strength and permeability of molding sand after burning at different temperatures were explained. The results show that with the increase of burning temperature, the intensity of environmental friendly sand decreases much more than that of pulverized coal sand, and the temperature range is wider, the ability of resistance to burning damage is stronger, and the recycling ability of environmental friendly sand is better than that of pulverized coal sand. Secondly, by adding a small amount of additives to the environmental friendly yellow loam sand, the changes of compressive strength, residual strength, high temperature hot pressing strength and storage stability of the environmental friendly sand were investigated, in order to obtain more perfect environmental friendly sand. The results show that the compressive strength and high temperature hot compression strength of molding sand can be greatly improved by adding appropriate additives to environmental friendly sand, and the residual strength is still within a reasonable range, the collapsibility is very good, and the thermal expansion property is reduced. Can effectively prevent casting deformation, and good storage stability can make environmental protection sand before molding to maintain good performance. Then, the thermal physical properties such as thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity coefficient and high temperature thermal expansion of environmental friendly yellow loam sand are systematically tested and studied, and compared with traditional coal powder wet molding sand, the characteristics of thermo-physical properties of environment-friendly sand are further understood. The effect of HB binder content on thermal properties of environmentally friendly sand was studied. The results show that the thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of environmentally friendly sand are higher than those of pulverized coal sand, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is slightly lower than that of pulverized coal sand, and the thermal expansion performance at high temperature is basically the same. The addition of appropriate HB binder can effectively reduce the thermal conductivity, thermal expansion rate, and increase the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of environmentally friendly sand. Environmental friendly sand, such as excellent thermal physical properties, can better ensure the quality of castings during cooling and solidification. Finally, in order to verify the effect of environmental friendly yellow loam sand used as mold (core) sand material on casting quality and casting defects, the environmental protection sand was tested and compared with pulverized coal sand. The applicability of environmental friendly yellow loam sand was investigated from two aspects of sand and surface roughness of castings. The experimental results show that the surface of environmental friendly yellow loam sand castings can form easily peelable sintered shells, which can be shedded by tapping lightly. The casting surface is smooth and fine, and the quality of castings is good. The research work has the basic guiding function to understand the recycling performance of the environmental protection yellow loam sand, to control the production cost of the castings, and to carry out the green environmental protection casting production process.
【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG221

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