本文選題：壓料油缸 + 閉塞鍛造　； 參考：《安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：剪板機(jī)壓料油缸是剪板機(jī)剪切板材時(shí)壓緊板料的工作油缸,每臺設(shè)備根據(jù)剪切板材寬度布置數(shù)十個(gè)不等,用量很大。由于剪板機(jī)的使用頻率高,壓料油缸質(zhì)量的穩(wěn)定性對保證板材剪切質(zhì)量具有十分重要作用。而壓料油缸缸體作為油缸的主要零件結(jié)構(gòu)件,其質(zhì)量的好壞直接決定了油缸的使用性能。然而,傳統(tǒng)的組合焊接和鑄造成形工藝,不僅難以保證缸體鍛件力學(xué)性能,且加工道次繁多,材料利用率低,生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用高。隨著閉塞鍛造精密成形技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,它為生產(chǎn)回轉(zhuǎn)體或軸對稱零件提供了新的成形思路。此方法生產(chǎn)壓料油缸不但金屬流線分布合理,鍛件力學(xué)性能高,而且生產(chǎn)周期短、效率高,同時(shí)鍛件無飛邊,材料利用率提高35~45%。本文以某型號的壓料油缸缸體為研究對象,采用數(shù)值模擬與物理實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的研究方法,對其閉塞熱精鍛成形工藝可行性和模具受力進(jìn)行研究。本文通過對壓料油缸缸體零件結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,設(shè)計(jì)了一次性鍛造成形與預(yù)鍛+終端成形兩種方案。通過DEFORM-3D模擬軟件,對兩種成形方案進(jìn)行模擬分析,最后擇優(yōu)選取預(yù)鍛+終端成形方案�；谶x擇的成形方案,采用單因素輪換法,研究了不同的擠壓速度、模具預(yù)熱溫度、沖頭圓角大小、摩擦系數(shù)等參數(shù)對鍛件質(zhì)量與成形力載荷的影響,最后擇優(yōu)選取最佳的成形工藝參數(shù)。結(jié)果表明,采用最佳成形工藝參數(shù),鍛件成形質(zhì)量良好,同時(shí)成形力載荷明顯降低。通過對整體凹模和組合凹模進(jìn)行受力分析。結(jié)果表明,采用組合凹模結(jié)構(gòu)可以明顯降低模具最大等效應(yīng)力,提高模具使用壽命。接著根據(jù)不同的直徑比n,分析組合凹模受力情況與最大位移量,確定各層最佳直徑,對組合凹模結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行參數(shù)優(yōu)化。最后,通過物理實(shí)驗(yàn),在J58K-630電動螺旋壓力機(jī)上進(jìn)行壓料油缸缸體閉塞熱精鍛試制。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,缸體鍛件成形質(zhì)量良好,所需成形力小,并無出現(xiàn)明顯缺陷,驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值模擬的準(zhǔn)確性與成形工藝的可行性,為實(shí)際生產(chǎn)提供強(qiáng)有力的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The press cylinder of plate shearing machine is the working cylinder which compacts the sheet when shearing machine. Each equipment is arranged dozens of different according to the width of shearing plate, and the consumption is very large. Because of the high frequency of plate shearing machine, the stability of press cylinder quality plays an important role in ensuring the plate shear quality. As the main part of the cylinder, the quality of the cylinder directly determines the performance of the cylinder. However, the traditional combined welding and casting process is not only difficult to ensure the mechanical properties of the cylinder forging, but also has a large number of machining passes, low material utilization and high production cost. With the rapid development of closed forging precision forming technology, it provides a new way of forming for the production of rotary body or axisymmetric parts. Not only the distribution of metal streamline is reasonable, the mechanical properties of forgings are high, but also the production period is short, the efficiency is high, the forgings have no flash edge, and the material utilization ratio is increased by 35% and 45%. In this paper, taking a certain type of compacted cylinder block as the research object, the feasibility of the block hot forging process and the force acting on the die are studied by combining the numerical simulation with the physical experiment. Based on the analysis of the structure of cylinder block, two schemes of one-off forging forming and pre-forging terminal forming are designed in this paper. Through DEFORM-3D simulation software, two kinds of forming schemes are simulated and analyzed. Finally, preforging terminal forming scheme is selected. Based on the selected forming scheme, single factor rotation method is used to study the influence of different extrusion speed, die preheating temperature, punch angle size, friction coefficient on forging quality and forming force load. Finally, the best forming process parameters are selected. The results show that the forming quality of forgings is good and the forming force load is obviously reduced with the optimum forming process parameters. The stress of the whole die and the combined die is analyzed. The results show that the combined die structure can obviously reduce the maximum equivalent stress and prolong the service life of the die. Then, according to the different diameters ratio, the stress and the maximum displacement of the combined die are analyzed, the optimum diameters of each layer are determined, and the structure parameters of the combined die are optimized. Finally, through physical experiments, the hot forging of cylinder block block on J58K-630 electric screw press is tested. The experimental results show that the forming quality of cylinder forging is good, the forming force is small, and there is no obvious defect, which verifies the accuracy of numerical simulation and the feasibility of forming process, and provides a strong basis for practical production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG316;TH137.51

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