本文選題：開(kāi)孔裝置 + 正交實(shí)驗(yàn)��； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：磨料水射流切割技術(shù)是在高壓純水射流中添加一定量的磨料顆粒來(lái)提高純水射流切割能力的一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)。隨著海洋資源的開(kāi)發(fā)與利用,海上遇難船舶的數(shù)量越來(lái)越多。海底沉船表面破拆和垢物清除任務(wù)增多,傳統(tǒng)的切割方式很難在海底中應(yīng)用,因此磨料水射流憑借其在海水中較強(qiáng)的切割能力在打撈領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。復(fù)雜的海洋環(huán)境,對(duì)磨料水射流的切割裝置提出了更高的要求。本文的主要目標(biāo)是設(shè)計(jì)一款能在100米以?xún)?nèi)的海水中進(jìn)行沉船表面開(kāi)孔的裝置并進(jìn)行性能試驗(yàn)研究。本文對(duì)磨料水射流的切割沖蝕機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究。在磨料水射流的切割過(guò)程中,產(chǎn)生切深的主要原因是磨料顆粒對(duì)工件材料的沖擊和磨削作用。淹沒(méi)環(huán)境下,射流的速度隨著距離的增加而逐漸減弱。通過(guò)Fluent仿真研究100米海深條件下圍壓對(duì)磨料水射流的影響,然后在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下進(jìn)行正交實(shí)驗(yàn),研究分析了不同切割參數(shù)對(duì)淹沒(méi)式磨料水射流切割能力的影響。仿真與實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合,得出對(duì)切割能力影響較大的幾個(gè)參數(shù)依次是噴嘴孔徑、切割噴頭轉(zhuǎn)速、泵壓等。確定了淹沒(méi)式磨料水射流切割的最佳切割參數(shù),使切割效率大大提高,為淹沒(méi)式磨料水射流切割的應(yīng)用奠定了基礎(chǔ)。設(shè)計(jì)了一款可在100米水深工作的開(kāi)孔裝置�；谛蕛�(yōu)化得到的切割參數(shù)進(jìn)行裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),裝置采用電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)、齒輪傳動(dòng)的結(jié)構(gòu),能夠在水下穩(wěn)定工作,達(dá)到預(yù)期的工作要求。裝置采用強(qiáng)磁底座作為吸附結(jié)構(gòu),可穩(wěn)定地吸附在船體表面。水下開(kāi)孔實(shí)驗(yàn)首先研究了不同長(zhǎng)度的高壓軟管對(duì)開(kāi)孔裝置切割能力的影響;其次分析了射流在不同長(zhǎng)度、內(nèi)徑的管路中的能量損失情況;最后通過(guò)水下鋼板開(kāi)孔試驗(yàn),對(duì)厚度為30 mm的鋼板進(jìn)行切割,成功切割出直徑150 mm的圓形鋼板。切割次數(shù)不同對(duì)磨料水射流切割有一定影響,多次切割時(shí)切深可以在之前的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行累加,開(kāi)孔實(shí)驗(yàn)也驗(yàn)證了效率優(yōu)化中的最佳切割參數(shù)可以提高淹沒(méi)式磨料水射流切割效率的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Abrasive water jet cutting technology is a new technology to improve the cutting ability of pure water jet by adding a certain amount of abrasive particles to the high pressure pure water jet. With the development and utilization of marine resources, there are more and more ships in distress at sea. The task of surface breaking and removing dirt of submarine sunken ship is increasing, and the traditional cutting method is difficult to be used in seabed. Therefore, abrasive water jet has been widely used in the fishing field by virtue of its strong cutting ability in sea water. The complex marine environment puts forward higher requirements for abrasive water jet cutting device. The main goal of this paper is to design a device which can open holes on the surface of sunken ship in sea water less than 100 meters and study its performance. In this paper, the cutting erosion mechanism of abrasive water jet is studied. In the cutting process of abrasive water jet, the main reason of cutting depth is the impact of abrasive particles on workpiece material and grinding action. In submerged environment, the velocity of jet decreases with the increase of distance. The influence of confining pressure on abrasive water jet under 100m sea depth was studied by Fluent simulation. Then orthogonal experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions to study the influence of different cutting parameters on the cutting ability of submerged abrasive water jet. Combining simulation with experiment, several parameters which have great influence on cutting ability are obtained, such as nozzle aperture, cutting nozzle speed, pump pressure and so on. The optimum cutting parameters of submerged abrasive water jet cutting are determined, and the cutting efficiency is greatly improved, which lays a foundation for the application of submerged abrasive water jet cutting. A hole opening device is designed to work at a depth of 100 meters. The structure of the device is designed based on the cutting parameters obtained by efficiency optimization. The device adopts the structure of motor drive and gear transmission, which can work stably under water and meet the expected working requirements. The device adopts strong magnetic base as adsorption structure and can be stably adsorbed on the hull surface. The influence of high pressure hose of different length on the cutting ability of the perforating device is studied firstly. Secondly, the energy loss of the jet in the pipeline with different length and inner diameter is analyzed. Finally, the perforation test of the underwater steel plate is carried out. The circular steel plate with a diameter of 150 mm was successfully cut by cutting the steel plate with a thickness of 30 mm. Different cutting times have a certain effect on abrasive water jet cutting, and the cutting depth can be accumulated on the basis of the previous cutting. The experimental results also show that the optimum cutting parameters can improve the cutting efficiency of submerged abrasive water jet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG48

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳曉晨;鄧松圣;于以兵;廖松;;便攜式磨料水射流切割系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)[J];后勤工程學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2016年06期

2 金泉鵬;;高壓水射流切割技術(shù)及在航空制造和維修中的應(yīng)用[J];科技資訊;2016年22期

3 張滕飛;鄧松圣;雷傳超;管金發(fā);;油氣條件下磨料水射流切割安全實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];天然氣與石油;2016年04期

4 周燦豐;焦向東;高輝;;磨料水射流技術(shù)及其在水下結(jié)構(gòu)物切割中的應(yīng)用[J];焊接;2015年05期

5 常安全;黃彬;蔣中秋;;DQ380油泵殼高壓水射流清洗技術(shù)研究[J];機(jī)械工程師;2014年09期

6 郭琦;李方義;李碩;聶延艷;;高壓水射流清洗對(duì)基體去污效果及損傷的研究[J];中國(guó)機(jī)械工程;2014年06期

7 鄭苗壯;劉巖;李明杰;丘君;;我國(guó)海洋資源開(kāi)發(fā)利用現(xiàn)狀及趨勢(shì)[J];海洋開(kāi)發(fā)與管理;2013年12期

8 王祖溫;;救助打撈裝備現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2013年20期

9 葛軍;;高壓水射流切割技術(shù)原理及其應(yīng)用研究[J];中國(guó)新技術(shù)新產(chǎn)品;2013年06期

10 祝爽;呂游;李湘文;;前混式磨料水射流彈藥切割機(jī)的研究與開(kāi)發(fā)[J];礦業(yè)研究與開(kāi)發(fā);2012年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王明波;磨料水射流結(jié)構(gòu)特性與破巖機(jī)理研究[D];中國(guó)石油大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 宋金來(lái);硬脆材料磨料水射流切割深度的預(yù)測(cè)及試驗(yàn)研究[D];哈爾濱理工大學(xué);2016年

2 孫旭東;高壓水射流切割系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：1828425