本文選題：板料成形 + 數(shù)值模擬�。� 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國汽車行業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展,CAE計算機(jī)輔助模擬技術(shù)在汽車零部件的設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。其中基于有限元理論的板料沖壓數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)是汽車覆蓋件沖壓成形模具設(shè)計的重要輔助工具。板料沖壓成形數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)能有效地預(yù)測出板料在成形時出現(xiàn)的起皺、開裂、回彈、沖擊線和滑移線等缺陷,而這些缺陷則可通過相應(yīng)的工藝改進(jìn)和參數(shù)優(yōu)化等方法來改善或消除。在實際生產(chǎn)中CAE分析技術(shù)的應(yīng)用可大大縮短模具的開發(fā)周期,減少試模次數(shù),提高生產(chǎn)效率,降低生產(chǎn)成本。本文以汽車后地板縱梁件前段為研究對象,對其進(jìn)行了有限元數(shù)值模擬仿真分析。針對模擬結(jié)果產(chǎn)生的起皺、開裂和回彈等缺陷,進(jìn)行了工藝方案優(yōu)化和相關(guān)參數(shù)優(yōu)化,改進(jìn)了回彈的控制方法,從而到達(dá)了符合生產(chǎn)要求的目的。首先,本文介紹了汽車板料成形數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)應(yīng)用范圍以及國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。根據(jù)課題需要,選擇了Dynaform,Autoform軟件作為后地板縱梁件前段的有限元分析軟件,Design-export軟件作為實驗設(shè)計和參數(shù)優(yōu)化軟件,Matlab軟件作為遺傳算法優(yōu)化軟件。其次通過對軟件功能的學(xué)習(xí)研究,建立了后地板縱梁件前段的有限元模型,進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的數(shù)值模擬分析研究,分析出零件沖壓后可能存在的缺陷。再根據(jù)沖壓結(jié)果,對后地板縱梁件前段進(jìn)行了工藝改進(jìn)和有限元分析。結(jié)果表明,通過優(yōu)化圓角和增加拉延筋可明顯改善沖壓成形時所產(chǎn)生的缺陷。在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,利用拉丁方試驗和遺傳算法對壓邊力、拉延筋圓角半徑、拉延筋高和摩擦系數(shù)等四個工藝參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,獲得了有效控制沖壓缺陷的工藝參數(shù)組合。最后,在回彈控制方法研究的基礎(chǔ)上對后地板縱梁件的回彈進(jìn)行了模擬分析。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)在最后整形工序后其零件的一邊緣區(qū)域回彈過大,為此采用了沿法線方向?qū)υ撨吘墔^(qū)域進(jìn)行適當(dāng)補償?shù)姆椒?從而最終將回彈誤差控制在合理的范圍內(nèi)。本研究為企業(yè)生產(chǎn)工藝的改進(jìn)提供了有益參考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of automobile industry in China, CAE computer aided simulation technology has been widely used in the design and production of automobile parts. The numerical simulation technology of sheet metal stamping based on finite element theory is an important assistant tool for stamping die design of automobile panel. The numerical simulation technology of sheet metal forming can effectively predict the defects such as wrinkling, cracking, springback, impact line and slip line, etc. These defects can be improved or eliminated by corresponding process improvement and parameter optimization. The application of CAE analysis technology in actual production can greatly shorten the development period of die, reduce the number of mold tests, improve production efficiency and reduce production cost. In this paper, the front section of the rear floor longitudinal beam is taken as the research object, and the finite element numerical simulation analysis is carried out. Aiming at the wrinkling, cracking and springback of simulation results, the optimization of process scheme and related parameters is carried out, and the control method of springback is improved to meet the requirements of production. Firstly, this paper introduces the application of numerical simulation technology of automobile sheet metal forming and its development at home and abroad. According to the need of the project, the software of Dynaform-Autoform is chosen as the finite element analysis software of the front section of the longitudinal beam of the rear floor, and the software of finite element analysis (FEA) is chosen as the software of experimental design and parameter optimization. The Matlab software is used as the optimization software of genetic algorithm. Secondly, by studying the function of the software, the finite element model of the front section of the back floor longitudinal beam is established, and the corresponding numerical simulation analysis is carried out, and the possible defects of the parts after stamping are analyzed. According to the stamping results, the process improvement and finite element analysis of the front section of the rear floor longitudinal beam are carried out. The results show that the defects in stamping can be improved obviously by optimizing the fillet and increasing the drawing bar. On the basis of this, the four parameters of blank holder force, circle radius of drawing bar, height of drawing bar and friction coefficient are optimized by Latin square test and genetic algorithm. A combination of process parameters is obtained to control stamping defects effectively. Finally, based on the research of springback control method, the springback of the rear floor longitudinal beam is simulated and analyzed. It is found that the springback of an edge area of the part is too large after the final shaping process, so the method of compensating the edge region along the normal direction is adopted to control the springback error within a reasonable range. This research has provided the beneficial reference for the enterprise production craft improvement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U466;TG386

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