本文選題：304不銹鋼 + 聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯��； 參考：《江蘇大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,人們對材料和結(jié)構(gòu)的性能要求越來越高。許多工程結(jié)構(gòu)和高端產(chǎn)品往往要求具有多種材料的性能,而這需要多種材料的共同作用來實現(xiàn),采用的方式便涉及到異種材料的連接問題。作為工業(yè)和生活中應用最廣泛的材料,金屬和塑料具有各自獨特的優(yōu)良性能,對二者進行連接可以獲得具有綜合性能的結(jié)構(gòu),因此,對金屬和塑料的連接研究具有很高的研究價值和廣闊的應用前景。本文以304不銹鋼和聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)為研究對象,對金屬與塑料的焊接方法進行探索研究,為以后的發(fā)展應用提供參考。本文利用6KW光纖激光器對304不銹鋼和PET進行激光搭接焊,采用金屬側(cè)激光照射焊和透射焊兩種方式,在一定條件和參數(shù)下進行焊接。實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)采用激光透射焊不能獲得有效的連接接頭,分析是由于所用激光器功率過大,未能實現(xiàn)二者的激光透射焊接。而采用金屬側(cè)激光照射焊,則成功獲得了具有良好外觀和較高連接強度的接頭,在最佳工藝參數(shù)下焊接獲得的接頭剪切強度可以達到PET母材的79%。通過不同參數(shù)下的焊接結(jié)果和接頭極限抗拉載荷對比分析,總結(jié)了激光功率、焊接速度和離焦量對接頭剪切強度的影響規(guī)律。然后通過光學顯微鏡和掃描電鏡(SEM)觀察分析接頭形貌,利用X射線能譜分析(EDS)方法和傅立葉紅外光譜分析對接頭進行元素和基團檢測。對結(jié)果進行分析探討,推測304不銹鋼和PET通過激光焊接獲得較高連接強度接頭的原因是鉚接和化學鍵連接的共同作用。焊接過程中,一方面塑料充滿凹槽形成鉚接;另一方面金屬元素與PET中的CO基團可能發(fā)生了反應達到化學鍵的連接。在金屬側(cè)激光照射焊的基礎(chǔ)上,使用鎢極氬弧焊(TIG)代替激光進行焊接研究。在一定工藝參數(shù)下進行搭接焊,實驗成功實現(xiàn)了304不銹鋼與PET的焊接,在最佳工藝參數(shù)下焊接獲得的接頭剪切強度可以達到母材的100%。接頭成形美觀,無燒損未焊合區(qū)等缺陷。對不同參數(shù)下焊接獲得的接頭進行拉伸試驗,對比分析結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù),總結(jié)焊接電流、焊接速度和電弧長度對接頭剪切強度的影響規(guī)律。接頭的形貌通過光學顯微鏡和掃描電鏡進行觀察分析,采用X射線能譜分析和傅立葉紅外光譜分析對接頭元素和基團進行測試分析。對結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)討論分析,推測304不銹鋼和PET的TIG焊接獲得高強度接頭的原因是鉚接和化學鍵連接的共同作用。在焊接過程中,一是熔融塑料充滿鋼板凹槽中形成了鉚接機制;二是不銹鋼中的金屬元素與PET的CO基團可能發(fā)生了化學反應而形成化學鍵的連接。對比激光焊結(jié)果,TIG焊獲得了更高拉伸剪切強度的接頭,原因是激光焊能量大且過于集中,降低了接頭連接強度。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry, the performance of materials and structures is becoming more and more demanding. Many engineering structures and high-end products often require the performance of many kinds of materials, and this requires the joint action of many kinds of materials. As the most widely used materials in industry and life, metals and plastics have their own unique excellent properties. The study of metal-plastics bonding has high research value and broad application prospect. Taking 304 stainless steel and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the research object, the welding method of metal and plastics is studied in this paper, which provides a reference for the future development and application. In this paper, the laser lap welding of 304 stainless steel and PET using 6KW fiber laser is carried out. The laser irradiation welding and transmission welding on the metal side are used to weld the 304 stainless steel and PET under certain conditions and parameters. It is found in the experiment that the laser transmission welding can not obtain the effective joint. The reason is that the laser power used is too large to realize the laser transmission welding. The joints with good appearance and high bonding strength were successfully obtained by using metal side laser irradiation welding. The shear strength of the joints obtained by welding under the best technological parameters can reach 79% of the PET base metal. The effects of laser power, welding speed and defocus on the shear strength of the joints are summarized by comparing the welding results with the ultimate tensile loads of the joints under different parameters. The morphologies of the joints were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The elements and groups of the joints were detected by means of X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results are analyzed and discussed. It is inferred that the joint of riveting and chemical bonding is the reason of laser welding of 304 stainless steel and PET. In the welding process, on the one hand, the plastic is filled with grooves to form rivets; on the other hand, the metal elements may react with the CO group in PET to reach the chemical bond. On the basis of metal side laser irradiation welding, tungsten argon arc welding (TIG) is used instead of laser welding. The welding of 304 stainless steel and PET was successfully realized by lap welding under certain technological parameters. The shear strength of the joint obtained by welding under the best process parameters can reach 100 parts of the base metal. The joint is beautiful in shape, no burning loss, no welding zone and other defects. The tensile test was carried out on the welded joints with different parameters. The effects of welding current, welding speed and arc length on the shear strength of the joints were summarized. The morphology of the joint was observed and analyzed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The elements and groups of the joint were measured and analyzed by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Based on the analysis of the result data, it is inferred that the joint of riveting and chemical bond is the reason of the high strength joint obtained by TIG welding of 304 stainless steel and PET. In the welding process, one is riveting mechanism formed in the groove of molten plastics filled with steel plate, the other is that the metal elements in stainless steel may react with CO group of PET to form chemical bond. Compared with the results of laser welding, the joints with higher tensile and shear strength are obtained by TIG welding, which is due to the high energy and concentration of laser welding, which reduces the joint strength.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG44

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