本文選題：靜壓膨脹夾頭 + 有限元分析��； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速加工工具系統(tǒng)是高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵部件之一,其中,刀具的夾持特性,直接影響零件的加工質(zhì)量和加工安全,不同夾持方式需要在不同切削工況下應(yīng)用。目前,基于靜壓膨脹夾緊原理開發(fā)的靜壓膨脹式夾頭可以用來(lái)夾持各類刀具進(jìn)行切削加工,實(shí)現(xiàn)超高精度夾緊刀具,其性能優(yōu)良,廣泛應(yīng)用于機(jī)械制造業(yè),能在半精加工和精加工中有效地提高被加工工件的表面質(zhì)量。靜壓膨脹夾頭的夾持回轉(zhuǎn)精度和重復(fù)夾緊精度高、夾持力大;具有一定的阻尼減振效果,切削噪聲相對(duì)較小;在裝卸刀具時(shí)簡(jiǎn)單方便。本文對(duì)靜壓膨脹夾頭的夾持特性進(jìn)行深入研究,揭示了其基本規(guī)律,對(duì)靜壓膨脹夾頭的設(shè)計(jì)與應(yīng)用中存在的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題具有重要理論價(jià)值與實(shí)際意義。在相關(guān)研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用彈性力學(xué)、動(dòng)力學(xué)、有限元分析法、數(shù)值分析和可靠性分析,對(duì)靜壓膨脹夾頭進(jìn)行建模、靜動(dòng)態(tài)特性分析、可靠性分析與仿真研究:首先,在彈性力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)上,建立夾頭的受力模型,運(yùn)用有限元分析軟件對(duì)靜壓膨脹夾頭進(jìn)行靜態(tài)特性分析,初步探求其夾持狀態(tài);其次,考慮到靜壓膨脹夾頭夾持部位關(guān)節(jié)的彈性性質(zhì),關(guān)節(jié)的約束并非完全剛性,采用線性彈簧和扭轉(zhuǎn)彈簧對(duì)夾持部位進(jìn)行表征,建立夾頭/刀具系統(tǒng)的彈性約束模型,進(jìn)行數(shù)值計(jì)算,得到了固有頻率,并與有限元分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,對(duì)比結(jié)果具有很好的一致性;再次,在動(dòng)力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用有限元軟件對(duì)靜壓膨脹夾頭進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析、諧響應(yīng)分析和瞬態(tài)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,獲取夾頭的動(dòng)態(tài)特性;最后,考慮到靜壓膨脹夾頭在使用中安全可靠性問(wèn)題,基于結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性理論,確定關(guān)鍵設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),對(duì)夾持結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行可靠性分析,研究外部載荷和結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的隨機(jī)變量對(duì)最大夾持變形和最大等效應(yīng)力影響,得到了相關(guān)系數(shù)并進(jìn)行靈敏度分析,獲取結(jié)構(gòu)可靠度。
[Abstract]:High-speed machining tool system is one of the key parts of high-grade NC machine tools. The clamping characteristics of cutting tools directly affect the machining quality and machining safety of parts. Different clamping methods need to be applied in different cutting conditions. At present, the hydrostatic expansion chuck developed based on the principle of hydrostatic expansion clamping can be used to clamp various kinds of tools for cutting and machining, and achieve ultra-high precision clamping tool, which has excellent performance and is widely used in mechanical manufacturing. It can effectively improve the surface quality of the workpiece in semi-finishing and finish machining. The clamping accuracy and repeated clamping accuracy of static pressure expansion chuck are high, the clamping force is large, it has certain damping effect, the cutting noise is relatively small, and it is simple and convenient in loading and unloading tool. In this paper, the clamping characteristics of the hydrostatic expansion chuck are deeply studied, and its basic law is revealed, which is of great theoretical and practical significance to the design and application of the hydrostatic expansion chuck. Based on the related research results, the static expansion chucks are modeled, static and dynamic characteristics are analyzed, reliability analysis and simulation studies are carried out by means of elastic mechanics, dynamics, finite element analysis, numerical analysis and reliability analysis. On the basis of elastic mechanics, the stress model of the chuck is established, and the static characteristic of the static expansion chuck is analyzed by using the finite element analysis software, and the clamping state of the chuck is preliminarily explored. Considering the elastic properties of the joint at the clamping position of the static expansion chuck, the constraint of the joint is not completely rigid. The clamping position is characterized by linear spring and torsional spring, and the elastic constraint model of the chuck / tool system is established. By numerical calculation, the natural frequency is obtained, and the results are compared with the results of finite element analysis. Thirdly, on the basis of dynamics, the modal analysis of static expansion chuck is carried out by using finite element software. Harmonic response analysis and transient dynamic analysis are used to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the chuck. Finally, considering the safety and reliability of the hydrostatic expansion chuck in use, the key design parameters are determined based on the structural reliability theory. The influence of random variables of external load and structural parameters on the maximum clamping deformation and the maximum equivalent stress is studied. The correlation coefficient is obtained and the sensitivity analysis is carried out to obtain the reliability of the structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG659;TG75

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