本文選題：活性劑 + 活性激光焊接��； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：活性激光焊接技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)激光焊接技術(shù)相比,能有效的增加焊縫熔深,減少焊縫熔寬。活性激光焊接技術(shù)在保證傳統(tǒng)激光焊接技術(shù)優(yōu)點的前提下,降低焊接所需要的功率和熱輸入,能有效的降低成本,提高生產(chǎn)效率,提高焊接質(zhì)量。因此活性激光焊接技術(shù)研究與應(yīng)用受到國內(nèi)外熱切關(guān)注。為了研究活性劑對激光焊的作用機理,本文從電弧形態(tài)的角度進行深入分析。由于激光電弧很難被直接觀測到,因此從活性劑對等離子體的影響以及活性劑對熔池形態(tài)的影響兩個方向進行研究。本文首先以304不銹鋼為研究材料,采用高功率半導(dǎo)體激光焊進行平板堆焊,運用高速攝影技術(shù),采集和分析活性劑對激光焊接電弧形態(tài)的影響規(guī)律。其次以H13熱作模具鋼為研究材料,采用低功率脈沖激光焊進行平板堆焊,運用CCD監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),采集熔池形態(tài)和分析活性劑對激光焊接熔池的影響規(guī)律。最后整理和分析上述實驗結(jié)果,對活性激光焊接機理進行分析研究。針對高功率半導(dǎo)體激光焊,運用高速攝影技術(shù)采集等離子體形態(tài),通過圖像灰度處理、圖像濾波去噪、圖像二值化、圖像邊緣提取以及提取特征值等過程對采集到的圖片信息進行提取。實驗結(jié)果表明,活性劑能有效抑制等離子體的產(chǎn)生,Si O2和混合活性劑分別降低等離子體高度的30.7%和46.1%,Cr2O3、Si O2和混合活性劑分別降低等離子體截面積的37.3%、41.4%和44.3%,有效的抑制光致等離子體對入射激光的屏蔽作用。針對低功率脈沖激光焊,運用CCD監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)觀測活性劑對脈沖激光焊熔池形態(tài)的影響,并觀測焊縫形態(tài)的變化規(guī)律。實驗結(jié)果表明,活性劑能改變焊縫熔池形狀,增加焊縫熔融金屬量,增加焊縫熔深,活性激光焊熔深最高可達到傳統(tǒng)激光焊的1.67倍。同時活性劑對焊縫韌性有一定的提高作用。不同的激光焊接參數(shù)對活性劑的作用效果產(chǎn)生一定的影響,隨著離焦量的增加,活性劑的作用效果降低。通過對活性激光焊接電弧形態(tài)的研究結(jié)果表明,活性劑能降低等離子對激光電弧能量的吸收效果,改變?nèi)鄢厝廴诮饘僖旱牧鲃臃较?增加焊接材料對激光能量的吸收效率,起到增加焊縫熔深,減少焊縫熔寬的效果。
[Abstract]:Compared with traditional laser welding technology, active laser welding technology can effectively increase weld penetration and reduce weld width. The active laser welding technology can effectively reduce the cost, improve the production efficiency and improve the welding quality by reducing the power and heat input required by the traditional laser welding technology on the premise of guaranteeing the advantages of the traditional laser welding technology. Therefore, the research and application of active laser welding technology have attracted much attention at home and abroad. In order to study the action mechanism of active agent on laser welding, the arc shape is analyzed in this paper. Because the laser arc is difficult to be observed directly, the influence of active agent on plasma and the influence of active agent on the morphology of molten pool are studied. In this paper, firstly, 304 stainless steel is used as the research material, high power semiconductor laser welding is used for flat surfacing welding. High speed photography is used to collect and analyze the influence of active agents on the shape of laser welding arc. Secondly, the H13 hot working die steel is used as the research material, the low power pulsed laser welding is used for flat surfacing welding, and the CCD monitoring system is used to collect the weld pool shape and analyze the influence of the active agent on the laser welding weld pool. Finally, the experimental results are analyzed and the mechanism of active laser welding is studied. For high power semiconductor laser welding, high speed photography is used to collect plasma morphology, image grayscale processing, image filtering and denoising, image binarization, Image edge extraction and feature extraction are used to extract the image information. The experimental results show that, The active agent can effectively inhibit the generation of plasma by 30.7% and 46.1% of the plasma height, respectively, and the mixed active agent can reduce the plasma cross-sectional area by 37.3% and 44.3%, respectively, and effectively suppress the photoinduced plasma by 37.3% and 44.3% of the plasma cross-sectional area, respectively, and the mixture of active agents can reduce the plasma height by 30.7% and 46.1%, respectively. Shielding effect on incident laser. Aiming at low power pulsed laser welding, the influence of active agent on weld pool morphology of pulsed laser welding was observed by CCD monitoring system, and the variation rule of weld shape was observed. The experimental results show that the active laser welding can change the weld pool shape, increase the amount of weld metal and increase the weld penetration. The maximum penetration of active laser welding is 1.67 times that of conventional laser welding. At the same time, the active agent can improve the toughness of weld seam to a certain extent. Different laser welding parameters have a certain effect on the effect of the active agent. With the increase of the defocusing amount, the effect of the active agent decreases. The results show that the active laser welding arc morphology can reduce the absorption of laser arc energy by plasma, change the flow direction of molten metal in the molten pool, and increase the absorption efficiency of laser energy of welding materials. It can increase weld penetration and reduce weld width.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG456.7

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