本文選題：龍門(mén)機(jī)床橫梁 + 靜動(dòng)態(tài)分析��； 參考：《陜西理工學(xué)院》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著機(jī)械行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,對(duì)于零部件產(chǎn)品的制造精度要求越來(lái)越高,這就要求機(jī)床加工精度要跟上發(fā)展要求,如何提高機(jī)床加工的精度已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今機(jī)械領(lǐng)域的熱門(mén)研究課題。大型數(shù)控龍門(mén)機(jī)床是機(jī)械加工中的主流設(shè)備,橫梁作為龍門(mén)機(jī)床中關(guān)鍵部件,其靜動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能的好壞,將直接關(guān)系到產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量與精度。因此提高橫梁的靜動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能對(duì)于提高機(jī)床乃至整個(gè)機(jī)械行業(yè)的制造精度都有很大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。漢川機(jī)床(集團(tuán))有限公司研發(fā)的大型龍門(mén)銑床,已投入使用,但在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)其加工精度不足,其主要基礎(chǔ)部件O型橫梁剛度及結(jié)構(gòu)需要進(jìn)一步提高,為此設(shè)計(jì)出X型橫梁結(jié)構(gòu),本課題主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)通過(guò)SolidWorks建立兩種橫梁的三維實(shí)體,闡述其結(jié)構(gòu)及主要參數(shù);(2)建立橫梁加工受力模型,分析其工作載荷,為有限元分析做好準(zhǔn)備;(3)分別對(duì)兩種橫梁進(jìn)行有限元靜動(dòng)態(tài)特性分析,對(duì)比分析結(jié)果中的力學(xué)性能參數(shù),X橫梁剛度較O型橫梁有較大提高,論證了X型橫梁的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)勢(shì);(4)綜合此前分析結(jié)果與力學(xué)理論,提出一種新的橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)M,旨在提高機(jī)床加工精度,新橫梁M具有良好的工藝性,同時(shí)有限元分析結(jié)果顯示橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)M相比于X型橫梁其剛度也有較大的提升,明確了新方案的可行性;(5)橫梁M相對(duì)O型橫梁質(zhì)量上有所增大,考慮通對(duì)其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),期望在保證新橫梁的力學(xué)性能的前提下,盡可能減小橫梁M的質(zhì)量。優(yōu)化結(jié)果顯示橫梁M質(zhì)量及扭轉(zhuǎn)變形都有一定程度的減小,證明優(yōu)化方案達(dá)到了預(yù)期目的。本論文在龍門(mén)機(jī)床橫梁力學(xué)性能研究過(guò)程中,實(shí)現(xiàn)了在橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)及參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)有所創(chuàng)新,提出了一種剛度及工藝性更好的橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)M。其研究結(jié)果對(duì)于龍門(mén)機(jī)床橫梁的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化具有一定的理論價(jià)值及指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of machinery industry, the manufacturing accuracy of parts and components is becoming more and more high, which requires machine tool machining accuracy to keep up with the development requirements.How to improve the accuracy of machine tools has become a hot research topic in the field of machinery.Large-scale NC gantry machine tool is the mainstream equipment in machining. As a key part of the gantry machine tool, the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the beam will directly affect the quality and precision of the product.Therefore, improving the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the beam is of great practical significance to improve the manufacturing accuracy of machine tools and even the whole machinery industry.The large gantry milling machine developed by Hanchuan Machine tool (Group) Co., Ltd., has been put into use, but in the process of production, it is found that the machining accuracy is insufficient, and the stiffness and structure of the main basic component, O beam, need to be further improved.In this paper, the X-beam structure is designed. The main contents of this research are as follows: (1) through SolidWorks, the three-dimensional entities of two kinds of beams are established, and the structure and main parameters are described. (2) the working load of the beams is analyzed, and the mechanical model of the beams is established.In order to prepare for the finite element analysis, the static and dynamic characteristics of the two kinds of beams are analyzed respectively. The stiffness of X beam is much higher than that of O type beam.It is demonstrated that the structural advantage of X-type crossbeam is based on the previous analysis results and mechanical theory, and a new type of crossbeam structure M is put forward, which aims to improve the machining accuracy of machine tools, and the new beam M has good technological properties.At the same time, the results of finite element analysis show that the stiffness of the beam M is much higher than that of the X type beam. The feasibility of the new scheme is confirmed. The quality of the cross beam M is larger than that of the O type beam, and the optimum design is considered.It is expected that the mass of the new beam M will be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the mechanical properties of the new beam.The optimization results show that the beam M mass and torsional deformation are reduced to a certain extent, which proves that the optimized scheme achieves the expected purpose.In this paper, in the course of studying the mechanical properties of the crossbeam of gantry machine tool, some innovations have been realized in the optimization design of the structure and parameters of the crossbeam, and a better stiffness and better workmanship of the crossbeam structure has been put forward.The research results have certain theoretical value and guiding significance for the structural design and optimization of gantry machine tool beams.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西理工學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG502.3

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