本文選題：機(jī)床轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái) + 公差模型　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)形勢(shì)下,產(chǎn)品的更新速度逐漸加快,計(jì)算機(jī)輔助技術(shù)CAD/CAE已經(jīng)發(fā)展的相當(dāng)成熟。通過(guò)利用這些相關(guān)軟件,在機(jī)械機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及分析方面已經(jīng)取得長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。但是三維公差設(shè)計(jì)仍然處在比較落后的階段。傳統(tǒng)公差分配僅依靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)周期長(zhǎng),設(shè)計(jì)成本增加同時(shí)達(dá)不到設(shè)計(jì)要求。因此計(jì)算機(jī)輔助公差技術(shù)也就成為解決該問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)。本課題來(lái)自昆明某機(jī)床廠重大科技資助項(xiàng)目:研究對(duì)象為臥式數(shù)控機(jī)床轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái),轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)是機(jī)床重要組成部分,主要用于支撐工件進(jìn)行前后和圓周進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)。轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)是機(jī)床的關(guān)鍵性部件,具有結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,零件組成繁多等特點(diǎn)。該部件工作精度直接影響機(jī)床零件加工精度。工作人員對(duì)機(jī)床的轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)進(jìn)行測(cè)試過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn),同一批次的轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程當(dāng)中總會(huì)有一些不確定因素導(dǎo)致某些轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)過(guò)程出現(xiàn)抖動(dòng)的現(xiàn)象。針對(duì)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題,研發(fā)人員進(jìn)行了一系列的排查,排除電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出功率不穩(wěn)、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、控制系統(tǒng)及安裝等可能引起抖動(dòng)的因素。根據(jù)用戶(hù)的使用反饋,轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的機(jī)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度、剛度及使用性能已經(jīng)滿(mǎn)足客戶(hù)的要求,但是轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的工作的穩(wěn)定性需要進(jìn)一步的提高。綜合多方信息,認(rèn)為在轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)零件的公差設(shè)計(jì)初始環(huán)節(jié)可能出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題。因此需要對(duì)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)公差進(jìn)行分析。本文進(jìn)行以下研究:(1)查閱學(xué)習(xí)公差分析的相關(guān)理論知識(shí),比較傳統(tǒng)公差分析與三維公差分析優(yōu)劣,確定利用三維公差分析對(duì)數(shù)控機(jī)床轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)公差進(jìn)行分析。(2)學(xué)習(xí)掌握三維公差分析公差表示方法理論、矢量環(huán)建模理論、公差分析理論。(3)根據(jù)公差分析理論結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)實(shí)際問(wèn)題,運(yùn)用三維公差軟件進(jìn)行公差模型搭建及分析工作,得到裝配尺寸分析結(jié)果及相關(guān)貢獻(xiàn)度、敏感度分析結(jié)果,為接下來(lái)的公差優(yōu)化工作提供理論支撐和方向。(4)運(yùn)用公差優(yōu)化理論,結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)三維公差相關(guān)分析結(jié)果,借助優(yōu)化平臺(tái)OPTIMUS進(jìn)行公差優(yōu)化并對(duì)比優(yōu)化前公差分析結(jié)果,得出公差優(yōu)化的必要性。(5)綜合考慮實(shí)際工作情況下外力對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)裝配的影響,運(yùn)用有限元分析外力作用產(chǎn)生的變形對(duì)于裝配的影響及重力作用對(duì)裝配的影響,使得公差分析更具實(shí)際意義。本文結(jié)合數(shù)控機(jī)床轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)實(shí)際問(wèn)題,運(yùn)用三維公差分析及優(yōu)化理論對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的裝配進(jìn)行評(píng)估優(yōu)化工作同時(shí)結(jié)合實(shí)際情況考慮外部因素對(duì)裝配的影響。結(jié)果表明通過(guò)上述優(yōu)化,轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的裝配精度及裝配質(zhì)量相對(duì)于優(yōu)化前有了很大提高。同時(shí)本次研究也為其他相似產(chǎn)品的公差優(yōu)化提供了參考。
[Abstract]:In the global competition, the product renewal speed gradually accelerated, computer aided technology CAD/CAE has developed quite mature. Through the use of these software, considerable progress has been made in the design and analysis of mechanical mechanism. But 3D tolerance design is still in the relatively backward stage. Only rely on the experience of traditional tolerance design led products the design cycle is long, the design cost increase and reach the design requirements. Therefore, computer aided tolerance technology has become a key link to solve the problem. This thesis comes from the major science and technology projects funded by the Kunming machine tool factory: the object of study for horizontal lathe turntable, turntable is an important part of the machine tool, mainly used before and after the circular feed movement of the workpiece support. Turntable is the key parts of the machine, has a complex structure, various parts of the component working characteristics. Precision directly affects machining accuracy of machine tool. The staff of the machine tool turret is found during the test, the same batch of turntable in the process of turning there will always be some uncertain factors lead to some jitter phenomenon of turntable rotating process. According to the problems in the investigation of a series of R & D personnel, excluding motor output power unstable product quality factors, control system and installation may cause jitter. According to the user's feedback mechanism, strength turntable, stiffness and performance has to meet customer requirements, but further to improve stability turntable work. Comprehensive information, there is a problem that may be in the initial design tolerances link table parts. So it is necessary to analyze the product design tolerance. This paper carried out the following studies: (1) access to relevant physical learning tolerance analysis Compared with the traditional theory, tolerance analysis and tolerance analysis to determine the three-dimensional quality analysis of CNC machine is analyzed with 3D tolerance tolerance table. (2) learn 3D tolerance analysis and tolerance representation theory, vector loop modeling theory, the theory of tolerance analysis. (3) according to the tolerance analysis theory combined with the practical problems of tolerance model of turntable. Build and analysis using 3D tolerance software, get assembly dimension analysis and contribution, the results of the sensitivity analysis, for the next work to provide theoretical support and tolerance optimization direction. (4) the use of tolerance optimization theory, combined with the turntable correlation analysis results of 3D tolerance, with the help of the optimization platform OPTIMUS tolerance optimization and analysis results compared to the previous tolerance optimization, the necessity of tolerance optimization. (5) considering the influence of external force on the turntable assembly under actual working conditions, using finite element analysis The force deformation effect on the assembly and the effect of gravity on the assembly, the tolerance analysis has more practical significance. This paper combines CNC Table problems, using three dimensional tolerance analysis and optimization theory to evaluate the optimization work and combining with the actual situation in consideration of the influence of external factors on the assembly of the turntable assembly. The results showed that the optimization of assembly precision turntable and assembly quality than before optimization has been greatly improved. At the same time this study also for the optimization of tolerance other similar products to provide a reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG801;TG659

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