本文選題：NURBS技術(shù)　切入點(diǎn)：葉片造型　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：復(fù)雜曲面零件的精準(zhǔn)造型、刀位軌跡規(guī)劃是實現(xiàn)多軸數(shù)控編程及高質(zhì)量加工的重要保障。葉片是典型的復(fù)雜曲面,也是航空發(fā)動機(jī)的“心臟”,其表面質(zhì)量及加工效率對航空發(fā)動機(jī)性能有著至關(guān)重要的影響。因此本文旨在研究葉片幾何造型、工藝及刀軌算法。基于NURBS參數(shù)曲線曲面造型技術(shù),研究了直紋面葉片造型的數(shù)學(xué)模型;針對曲線應(yīng)變能過大和曲率突變問題,采取樣條插值法對葉片的型值點(diǎn)進(jìn)行擬合,再運(yùn)用遺傳優(yōu)化算法在MATLAB軟件中對曲線進(jìn)行光順,提高了葉片截面線精度,完成了葉片的整體建模�；谌~片結(jié)構(gòu)特征及技術(shù)要求,選用了螺旋銑削的加工方法;通過確定毛坯成型及余量分配、切削刀具、走刀方式、工藝路線,采用遺傳算法對粗加工切削參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,完成了葉片的數(shù)控工藝設(shè)計�；诘葰埩舾叨确ㄌ岢隽私M合曲面多刀路的螺旋軌跡構(gòu)造算法,確定了刀位點(diǎn)、走刀步長、走刀行距、刀軸矢量等生成刀具軌跡的算法,解決了粗加工切除大余量毛坯需多次建立工序模型的復(fù)雜問題,并實現(xiàn)了葉片的高效加工,避免了葉片前后緣的干涉。利用NX CAM模塊生成了葉片的螺旋軌跡,NX/post bulider模塊開發(fā)了 2344VMC立式加工中心的專用后處理構(gòu)造器,并生成與之相匹配的NC代碼;通過VERICUT軟件搭建機(jī)床模型,添加仿真系統(tǒng),最終驗證了工藝及刀具軌跡的可行性與正確性。為得到質(zhì)高效優(yōu)的葉片加工軌跡,論文圍繞葉片的幾何造型、加工工藝、螺旋銑加工刀位算法展開研究,通過優(yōu)化仿真驗證了其理論算法的可行性,有效提高了葉片類零件的造型精度及加工效率,為實現(xiàn)復(fù)雜曲面及葉片專用的CAD-CAPP-CAM-CNC 一體化的編程模塊提供了理論參考。
[Abstract]:The precision modeling and tool path planning of complex curved surface parts are the important guarantee to realize multi-axis NC programming and high quality machining.Blade is a typical complex surface and the heart of aero-engine. Its surface quality and processing efficiency have a vital effect on the performance of aeroengine.Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study blade geometry modeling, technology and tool track algorithm.Based on the modeling technology of curve and surface with NURBS parameters, the mathematical model of blade modeling on ruled surface is studied, and the spline interpolation method is adopted to fit the shape point of blade, aiming at the problem of excessive strain energy and abrupt curvature of curve.Then genetic optimization algorithm is used to smooth the curve in MATLAB software, which improves the accuracy of blade cross section line, and completes the overall modeling of blade.Based on the characteristics of blade structure and technical requirements, the machining method of helical milling is selected, and the parameters of rough machining are optimized by genetic algorithm through determining the blank forming and allowance distribution, cutting tool, cutting tool way, technological route, and genetic algorithm.The numerical control process design of the blade is completed.Based on the method of equal residual height, an algorithm for constructing multi-path helical loci of combined surfaces is proposed, and the algorithms for generating tool trajectories such as tool location, tool step size, tool distance and cutter axis vector are determined.The complex problem that rough cutting large margin blank needs to set up working procedure model many times is solved, and the efficient processing of blade is realized, and the interference of front and rear edge of blade is avoided.The special post-processing constructor of 2344VMC vertical machining center is developed by using the NX CAM module to generate the spiral track of the blade and the NX / post bulider module, and the corresponding NC code is generated, and the model of the machine tool is built by VERICUT software, and the simulation system is added.Finally, the feasibility and correctness of the process and tool path are verified.In order to obtain the high quality and high efficiency machining path of the blade, the thesis focuses on the geometric modeling of the blade, the machining technology, the cutter position algorithm of spiral milling, and verifies the feasibility of the theoretical algorithm through the optimization simulation.The modeling accuracy and machining efficiency of vane parts are improved effectively, and the theoretical reference is provided for the realization of the integrated programming module of CAD-CAPP-CAM-CNC for complex surfaces and blades.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG659

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