本文選題：螺旋錐齒輪　切入點(diǎn)：數(shù)控加工中心　出處：《重慶理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：螺旋錐齒輪適用于非平行軸之間的傳動(dòng),具有重疊系數(shù)高、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、承載能力強(qiáng)、傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn)、可以實(shí)現(xiàn)較大的傳動(dòng)比傳動(dòng)等優(yōu)勢(shì),因此被廣泛的應(yīng)用于汽車(chē)、航空航天、艦船、石油鉆探、礦山機(jī)械、重載武器等領(lǐng)域。目前螺旋錐齒輪的加工主要是在數(shù)控銑齒機(jī)上完成的,因?yàn)槭茔婟X機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸以及齒輪安裝條件的制約難以實(shí)現(xiàn)大規(guī)格的螺旋錐齒輪加工,此外全數(shù)控銑齒機(jī)價(jià)格昂貴,在加工小批量螺旋錐齒輪時(shí),機(jī)床開(kāi)機(jī)率嚴(yán)重不足且長(zhǎng)時(shí)間處于閑置狀態(tài),因此選用全數(shù)控銑齒機(jī)加工較大規(guī)格以及小批量的螺旋錐齒輪成本較高。為了彌補(bǔ)全數(shù)控銑齒機(jī)的不足,本文基于數(shù)控加工中心研究螺旋錐齒輪的加工方法來(lái)解決大規(guī)格與小批量螺旋錐齒輪的加工制造問(wèn)題,該加工方法擺脫了專(zhuān)用加工機(jī)床、專(zhuān)用夾具、專(zhuān)用刀具的限制,而且在數(shù)控加工中心上可以實(shí)現(xiàn)多種齒制與不同規(guī)格的螺旋錐齒輪加工。該方法很在大程度上降低了螺旋錐齒輪的加工成本,簡(jiǎn)化了螺旋錐齒輪的加工工藝,同時(shí)也增大了數(shù)控加工機(jī)床的柔性。本文通過(guò)對(duì)螺旋錐齒輪傳統(tǒng)加工方法與加工工藝的分析,基于加工中心對(duì)螺旋錐齒輪加工方法的研究工作如下:1.通過(guò)對(duì)螺旋錐齒輪傳統(tǒng)切齒方法的分析推導(dǎo)出齒面方程,在此基礎(chǔ)之上研究螺旋錐齒輪三維幾何模型的構(gòu)建方法。2.根據(jù)已建立的齒輪模型,在數(shù)控加工中心上進(jìn)行盤(pán)狀銑刀、柱狀銑刀以及球狀銑刀三種刀具軌跡計(jì)算,刀具軌跡計(jì)算主要包括:刀具軌跡生成方法、走刀步長(zhǎng)與切削帶寬計(jì)算方法、刀軸矢量控制方法以及加工干涉處理方法。3.針對(duì)數(shù)控加工機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)與機(jī)床控制系統(tǒng)指令進(jìn)行后置處理運(yùn)算,并生成相應(yīng)機(jī)床能夠執(zhí)行的NC代碼。4.基于Open CASCADE開(kāi)放的軟件平臺(tái)編寫(xiě)螺旋錐齒輪加工程序生成軟件,該軟件主要有齒輪建模模塊、齒面分析模塊、刀具軌跡規(guī)劃模塊和加工程序生成模塊組成,實(shí)現(xiàn)了軟件的模塊化與對(duì)象化。5.在VERICUT仿真軟件中進(jìn)行齒輪切削運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真來(lái)驗(yàn)證加工方法與軟件編寫(xiě)的正確性,最后基于DMU60五軸數(shù)控加工中心進(jìn)行實(shí)際加工實(shí)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Spiral bevel gear is suitable for transmission between non-parallel shafts. It has high overlap coefficient, compact structure, strong bearing capacity, stable transmission, and can realize the advantages of large transmission ratio, so it is widely used in automobile, aerospace, and so on. Ship, oil drilling, mining machinery, heavy duty weapon, etc. At present, the machining of spiral bevel gear is mainly completed on the CNC gear milling machine. Because it is difficult to realize the machining of large size spiral bevel gear because of the restriction of milling machine's structure size and gear installation condition, besides, the price of full numerical control gear milling machine is expensive, when machining small batch spiral bevel gear, The machine tool has a serious shortage of start-up rate and is idle for a long time, so the cost of machining large size and small batch spiral bevel gear with full numerical control milling machine is high, in order to make up for the shortage of full numerical control gear milling machine, In this paper, the machining method of spiral bevel gear based on NC machining center is studied to solve the problem of machining large size and small batch spiral bevel gear. Moreover, many kinds of spiral bevel gears with different specifications can be machined in NC machining center. This method can greatly reduce the machining cost of spiral bevel gears and simplify the processing technology of spiral bevel gears. At the same time, it also increases the flexibility of NC machining machine. This paper analyzes the traditional machining method and processing technology of spiral bevel gear. The research work of spiral bevel gear machining method based on machining center is as follows: 1. Through the analysis of the traditional tooth cutting method of spiral bevel gear, the tooth surface equation is derived. On this basis, the method of constructing 3D geometric model of spiral bevel gear is studied. According to the established gear model, three kinds of tool paths are calculated on NC machining center, such as disc milling cutter, cylindrical milling cutter and ball milling cutter. Tool path calculation mainly includes: tool path generation method, tool walking step size and cutting bandwidth calculation method, Tool shaft vector control method and machining interference processing method .3.The post processing operation is carried out according to the structure of NC machine tool and the command of machine tool control system. NC code. 4. Based on the open software platform of Open CASCADE, the generating software of spiral bevel gear machining program is compiled. The software includes gear modeling module, tooth surface analysis module, and so on. The tool path planning module and the machining program generation module are made up, and the modularization and objectification of the software are realized. The gear cutting motion simulation is carried out in the VERICUT simulation software to verify the correctness of the machining method and the software programming. Finally, based on DMU60 five-axis NC machining center, the actual machining experiment is carried out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG61

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