本文選題：自沖鉚接　切入點：鋁合金　出處：《南昌大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：汽車輕量化是汽車制造商當前以及未來發(fā)展的重點和主題,而汽車的傳統(tǒng)用鋼已不再適用于該主題,必須開發(fā)輕質(zhì)合金和其它先進材料,當前輕質(zhì)材料有鋁合金、鎂合金以及碳纖維材料等。鋁材在汽車的應用上面臨許多新的技術(shù)難題,自沖鉚接是一種冷成型的連接方法,可以將鋁合金等材質(zhì)形成可靠的連接。然而,當前自沖鉚接技術(shù)在我國汽車制造業(yè)中的研究和應用才有了初步的進展,影響自沖鉚接接頭質(zhì)量的參數(shù)眾多,但各個參數(shù)對接頭質(zhì)量的影響程度有待研究。本文以2mm厚度的AA5182-O鋁合金作為半空心鉚釘自沖鉚接試驗的研究對象,通過正交試驗設計方法實現(xiàn)工藝參數(shù)的優(yōu)化,并分析了鉚模形狀(平底鉚模A、凸臺鉚模B和C)對自沖鉚接接頭力學性能的影響,研究了自沖鉚接的疲勞性能,同時對自沖鉚接力學性能與電阻點焊力學性能作了比較。具體如下:(1)以AA5182-O鋁合金作為實驗對象,采用正交試驗設計方法,考慮鉚模形狀,預壓力和鉚接力三個因素,運用極差方法和方差方法分析了不同參數(shù)下的自沖鉚接接頭截面的自鎖量、底部厚度、鉚釘張開度、接頭拉剪強度和十字拉伸強度的實驗數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)果表明:在三個因素中鉚接力對自鎖量的影響最大,但與自鎖量不成相關(guān)性;而鉚模形狀對其影響次之,鉚模凸臺高度與自鎖量成反比,鉚模形狀對接頭拉剪強度和十字拉伸強度有顯著的影響。在該基礎上,獲得了最佳的工藝參數(shù)。(2)在相同的預壓力和鉚接力,研究不同的鉚模形狀對自沖鉚接接頭的力學性能的影響。從拉剪和十字拉伸強度性能穩(wěn)定性來看,平底鉚模的最好。通過三種不同鉚模的接頭截面硬度測試發(fā)現(xiàn),圍繞著鉚釘周圍的材料塑性變形最大,而且鉚模C對鋁合金板材的變形影響最大。(3)對自沖鉚接接頭進行了疲勞實驗,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)接頭疲勞失效方式有三種分別是鉚釘從下層板拔出、下層板斷裂和上層板斷裂。(4)對同種鋁合金板材的自沖鉚接和電阻點焊的力學性能進行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)自沖鉚接接頭的拉剪強度、十字拉伸強度和剝離強度都要強于點焊接頭,各個強度分別是點焊的1.27倍、1.37倍和1.68倍。而且自沖鉚接接頭的吸能高于點焊,更具有韌性。
[Abstract]:Automotive lightweight is the focus and theme of automobile manufacturers at present and in the future, and the traditional steel used in automobiles is no longer suitable for this theme. It is necessary to develop lightweight alloys and other advanced materials. At present, aluminum alloys are used in lightweight materials. Magnesium alloy and carbon fiber materials. Aluminum is faced with many new technical problems in the application of automobile. Self-punching riveting is a kind of cold forming bonding method, which can form reliable connection between aluminum alloy and other materials. At present, the research and application of self-punching riveting technology in China's automobile manufacturing industry has made a preliminary progress, and there are many parameters that affect the quality of self-punching riveting joints. However, the influence of various parameters on joint quality needs to be studied. In this paper, AA5182-O aluminum alloy with 2mm thickness is taken as the research object of semi-hollow rivet self-impact riveting test, and the process parameters are optimized by orthogonal design method. The influence of the shape of the riveting die (flat bottom riveting die, convex riveting die B and C) on the mechanical properties of the self-punching riveting joint is analyzed, and the fatigue properties of the self-punching riveting joint are studied. At the same time, the mechanical properties of self-punching riveting are compared with those of resistance spot welding. The following are as follows: (1) taking AA5182-O aluminum alloy as the experimental object, the orthogonal design method is used to consider three factors, such as the shape of riveting die, prepressure and riveting force. The experimental data of self-locking, bottom thickness, rivet opening, tensile shear strength and cross tensile strength of self-punching riveted joints under different parameters are analyzed by using the range method and variance method. The results show that the riveting force has the greatest influence on the self-locking quantity, but it has no correlation with the self-locking quantity, and the shape of the riveting die is the second, and the height of the punch is inversely proportional to the self-locking quantity. The shape of the riveting die has a significant effect on the tensile shear strength and cross tensile strength of the joint. The effects of different riveting die shapes on the mechanical properties of self-punching riveting joints are studied. The best one is the flat-bottom riveting die from the stability of tensile strength and cross tensile strength. The hardness test of joint section of three different riveting dies shows that, The material around rivets has the largest plastic deformation, and the riveting die C has the greatest influence on the deformation of aluminum alloy plate. The results show that there are three fatigue failure modes of joints: rivets drawn from the laminate, delamination of the laminates and fracture of the upper laminates. The mechanical properties of the same aluminum alloy plates are compared by self-punching riveting and resistance spot welding. It is found that the tensile shear strength, cross tensile strength and peeling strength of the self-impact riveting joint are all stronger than that of the spot welding joint, and each strength is 1.27 times of that of the spot welding, 1.37 times and 1.68 times of the spot welding respectively, and the absorption energy of the self-impact riveted joint is higher than that of the spot welding, and the strength is more toughness.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U466;TG938

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