本文選題：選區(qū)激光熔化成型　切入點(diǎn)：結(jié)構(gòu)組成　出處：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：選區(qū)激光熔化成型作為近幾年受到極高關(guān)注度的一門熱點(diǎn)技術(shù),正在被越來越廣泛地運(yùn)用于航空航天精密零件、生物醫(yī)療等機(jī)械制造領(lǐng)域。如果這一技術(shù)能夠在原有基礎(chǔ)上不斷進(jìn)步,將會(huì)對(duì)制造業(yè)的發(fā)展起到巨大的推動(dòng)作用。本文以選區(qū)激光熔化成型技術(shù)作為對(duì)象,從設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)、關(guān)鍵工藝技術(shù)、掃描路徑算法等3個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了研究,主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)針對(duì)選區(qū)激光熔化成型設(shè)備的結(jié)構(gòu)組成,從幾大關(guān)鍵系統(tǒng)入手對(duì)其進(jìn)行了分析與設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)激光光路系統(tǒng)中激光特征參數(shù)和激光擴(kuò)束的理論分析,比較兩種不同振鏡掃描聚焦系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),分析振鏡鏡片旋轉(zhuǎn)角度和掃描點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)位置之間的關(guān)系。自行設(shè)計(jì)了鋪粉系統(tǒng)中成型倉(cāng)的倉(cāng)內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu),包括工作臺(tái)、鋪粉系統(tǒng)、刮刀、成型缸。對(duì)不同送粉裝置和刮粉裝置進(jìn)行優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)對(duì)比,探討了輔助系統(tǒng)在零件成型質(zhì)量方面的關(guān)鍵作用。(2)針對(duì)選區(qū)激光熔化成型過程中振鏡延時(shí)對(duì)表面成型過程的影響,分析了產(chǎn)生這類問題的原因,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了理論分析。利用ANSYS軟件建立模型并進(jìn)行了有限元模擬仿真,得到溫度場(chǎng)與應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布云圖,設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。(3)根據(jù)選區(qū)激光熔化成型中的掃描過程,編寫了一套路徑規(guī)劃方法。將輪廓層信息文件數(shù)據(jù)讀取,實(shí)現(xiàn)三維模型的重現(xiàn)。對(duì)層信息中的冗余數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行清理,對(duì)內(nèi)外輪廓進(jìn)行縮放來補(bǔ)償激光光斑直徑產(chǎn)生的影響,通過掃描線與輪廓求交得到掃描點(diǎn)坐標(biāo),對(duì)這些點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行排序處理,并保存入數(shù)組中得到最終掃描點(diǎn)控制坐標(biāo)。開發(fā)了一款能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)掃描路徑自動(dòng)生成軟件,對(duì)主要人機(jī)交互界面進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。本文對(duì)選區(qū)激光熔化成型關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究有一定的分析成果,而且通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,能夠有效提高整個(gè)制造過程的加工質(zhì)量,可以得到較好表面的成型零件,為國(guó)內(nèi)該領(lǐng)域的研究提供了技術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:As a hot technology with high attention in recent years, selective laser melting molding is being more and more widely used in aerospace precision parts. Biomedicine and other fields of mechanical manufacturing. If this technology can continue to progress on the basis of the original, it will play a great role in promoting the development of the manufacturing industry. In this paper, selected laser melting molding technology as the object, from the equipment structure, The key technology, scanning path algorithm and other three aspects are studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the structure composition of selective laser melting molding equipment, Based on the analysis of laser characteristic parameters and the theoretical analysis of laser beam expansion, the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of mathematical models for scanning and focusing system with different vibroscope are compared. The relationship between the rotation angle of the mirror lens and the coordinate position of the scanning point is analyzed. The in-bin structure of the forming bin in the powder laying system is designed, including the worktable, the powder laying system, the scraper, The advantages and disadvantages of different powder feeding and scraping devices are compared, and the key role of auxiliary system in forming quality of parts is discussed. Aiming at the influence of vibrating mirror delay on the surface forming process during selective laser melting molding, In this paper, the causes of this kind of problems are analyzed, and the theoretical analysis is carried out. By using ANSYS software, the model is established and the finite element simulation is carried out, and the distribution of temperature field and stress field is obtained. According to the scanning process of selective laser melting molding, a set of path planning method is developed to read the profile information file data. The redundant data in the layer information is cleaned up and the inside and outside contour is scaled to compensate for the influence of laser spot diameter. The scanning point coordinate is obtained by intersecting the scanning line and contour. The data of these points are sorted and stored in the array to get the final scanning point control coordinates. A software is developed to automatically generate the scanning path. The main man-machine interface is designed. In this paper, the key technologies of selective laser melting molding are analyzed, and the experimental results show that the machining quality of the whole manufacturing process can be improved effectively. Good surface forming parts can be obtained, which provides technical experience for domestic research in this field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG665

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