本文選題：床身蠕變　切入點：滾動直線導軌副　出處：《南京理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：滾動直線導軌副是高檔數(shù)控精密機床、磨床、組合加工機床等裝備領(lǐng)域的核心功能部件。國內(nèi)很多精密機床床身時效期短,機床床身在使用數(shù)年后將在內(nèi)應(yīng)力作用下發(fā)生蠕變。雖然機床剛開始使用時,其精度可以做到很高,但持續(xù)而緩慢的床身變形將引起導軌副的安裝狀態(tài)發(fā)生變化,導軌副內(nèi)部的接觸、磨損狀態(tài)會不同于從前,造成機床精度不達標。研究床身蠕變對滾動直線導軌副的精度影響,具有重大意義。首先對床身蠕變下導軌副內(nèi)部接觸受力進行研究。一方面根據(jù)導軌副內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)特點,基于Hertz接觸理論對典型載荷下導軌副進行受力變形分析。另一方面結(jié)合常見機床導軌副安裝布局方式,計算床身蠕變后導軌副內(nèi)部接觸的尺寸變化,推導出床身蠕變下導軌副內(nèi)部鋼球與滾道間的接觸受力。其次,針對床身無蠕變的理想條件下導軌副精度保持性進行了試驗研究。模擬實際工況,選取典型加載形式,測試運行過程中滑塊頂面相對于導軌安裝基準的平行度及導軌副的摩擦力,分析導軌副在不同跑合階段的精度變化過程。在試驗結(jié)束后,針對導軌副的運動特性和接觸受力,對導軌副鋼球和滾道接觸表面特定區(qū)域進行微觀形貌觀測,對比精度保持性分析結(jié)果,研究導軌副磨損機理及其對精度的影響。最后,根據(jù)導軌副接觸受力和磨損機理分析,基于Archard磨損理論,建立床身蠕變下導軌滾道表面磨損模型,結(jié)合上面的精度保持性試驗數(shù)據(jù)進行模擬仿真驗證�？紤]外加載荷及滑塊安裝距離的影響,運用所建立的磨損模型,分析床身蠕變尺寸與導軌磨損量的關(guān)系。最后,結(jié)合理想條件下導軌副的精度變化規(guī)律及磨損模型,預(yù)測床身蠕變下導軌副的精度變化規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:The rolling linear guide pair is the core functional component in the field of high-grade CNC precision machine tool, grinder, combined machine tool and so on. The machine bed will creep under the action of internal stress after several years of use. Although the accuracy of the machine tool can be very high when it is first used, the continuous and slow deformation of the bed will cause the installation state of the guide rail pair to change. The internal contact of the guideway pair will be different from the former, resulting in the accuracy of the machine tool not up to standard. The influence of bed creep on the accuracy of the rolling linear guide pair is studied. It is of great significance. First of all, the internal contact force of the guide rail pair under the creep of the bed is studied. On the one hand, according to the characteristics of the internal structure of the guide rail pair, Based on the Hertz contact theory, the deformation of the guideway pair under typical load is analyzed. On the other hand, the dimension change of the inner contact of the guideway pair after the creep of the bed is calculated in combination with the common installation and layout of the guideway pair of machine tools. The contact force between the steel ball and the raceway inside the guideway pair under the bed creep is deduced. Secondly, the precision retention of the guideway pair under the ideal condition of no creep in the bed is studied experimentally. The typical loading form is selected to simulate the actual working conditions. In the course of running, the parallelism of the top surface of the slider relative to the installation datum of the guide rail and the friction force of the guide rail pair are tested, and the process of accuracy variation of the guide rail pair in different running-in stages is analyzed. After the test, the motion characteristics and contact force of the guide rail pair are analyzed. The microscopic morphology of the contact surface of the guide rail pair steel ball and raceway was observed, and the wear mechanism of the guide rail pair and its influence on the precision were studied by comparing the results of the precision retention analysis. Finally, according to the contact force and wear mechanism of the guide rail pair, the wear mechanism of the guide rail pair was analyzed. Based on Archard's wear theory, the surface wear model of guide rail raceway under bed creep is established, and simulated and verified by combining the above precision retention test data. Considering the influence of external load and the installation distance of slider, the established wear model is used. The relationship between the creep size of the bed and the wear quantity of the guideway is analyzed. Finally, combining with the law of precision variation and the wear model of the guideway pair under ideal conditions, the variation law of the precision of the guideway pair under the bed creep is predicted.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG502.3

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