發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-12 11:48

  本文選題：ADC12鋁合金　切入點(diǎn)：田口方法　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：由于鋁合金屬于高性能、長壽命、使用量大、使用面廣的材料,同時(shí)又易于再生利用,所以再生鋁產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)生的效益最大。在我國,再生鋁在全鋁消費(fèi)總量中所占的比例較小。鑄造時(shí)澆冒口和縮孔等帶來的損失達(dá)到8%。對(duì)鋁錠的進(jìn)一步加工過程中,還要有大約20%的金屬損失。利用率不到52%。鋁合金液相回收率只有40%左右,且在熔煉過程中燒損率嚴(yán)重,能源消耗高,對(duì)環(huán)境污染大。而采用新的廢鋁再生技術(shù)是一種直接將廢料轉(zhuǎn)化為擠出產(chǎn)品的技術(shù),不涉及鋁的熔化過程。本文以ADC12鋁合金屑為研究對(duì)象,采用干車削工藝獲得切削,以CSP工藝制備坯料。坯料的致密度直接影響組織的優(yōu)劣,影響擠出件的質(zhì)量。本實(shí)驗(yàn)利用靜水力學(xué)裝置、田口方法分析,研究了壓坯的致密性。田口方法從工程的角度對(duì)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量進(jìn)行調(diào)控,重點(diǎn)關(guān)注工藝設(shè)計(jì)階段如何降低產(chǎn)品績(jī)效的變異。該方法能夠避免不可控制的環(huán)境因素影響,采用較少的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)最大限度的減少變異,并使得輸出特性波動(dòng)最小,通過考慮各參數(shù)波動(dòng)對(duì)產(chǎn)品輸出特性的影響,對(duì)影響較大的主要誤差因素本身的波動(dòng)進(jìn)行控制來改善產(chǎn)品輸出特性的穩(wěn)定性,該方法強(qiáng)調(diào)的是利用信噪比(S/N)來衡量指標(biāo)的波動(dòng)。S/N比有三種質(zhì)量特性,望小特性,望目特性以及望大特性,一般根據(jù)研究對(duì)象的特性來對(duì)其進(jìn)行選擇,當(dāng)評(píng)估改變工藝參數(shù)對(duì)產(chǎn)品性能的影響時(shí),信噪比是一種簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)估質(zhì)量指示符。一般情況下,得到更好的信號(hào)時(shí)的噪音小,因此最大的信噪比將會(huì)獲得最好的結(jié)果。本文所研究的質(zhì)量特性為密度比,可以采用望小信噪比。通過田口方法優(yōu)化CSP工藝,可知ADC12最佳壓坯工藝:壓制溫度為250℃、壓制壓強(qiáng)為640MPa、保壓時(shí)間為47s。對(duì)壓坯密度影響最大的是壓制溫度,其次是壓制壓力和保壓時(shí)間。本文研究了被乳化液污染的ADC12鋁合金屑通過烘干工藝、固相再生工藝在400±101,保溫40min擠出后通過光學(xué)顯微組織分析、掃描電子顯微鏡、透射電鏡、EDS分析。潔凈的ADC12屑固相再生件抗拉強(qiáng)度為256MPa,延伸率為9.27%。350℃烘干的ADC12屑固相再生件抗拉強(qiáng)度為305MPa,延伸率為11.85%。綜合力學(xué)性能明顯優(yōu)于潔凈的ADC12屑固相再生件。通過分析烘干后殘留在屑表面的乳化液蒸發(fā),使碳?xì)埩粼谛急砻?通過擠出時(shí)由于壓力使屑表面的氧化膜破碎,從而無定形碳進(jìn)入到基體內(nèi)彌散分布。350℃烘干的ADC12鋁合金屑固相再生件的強(qiáng)化機(jī)制主要是細(xì)晶強(qiáng)化和彌散強(qiáng)化。
[Abstract]:Since aluminum alloys are of high performance, long life, large usage, wide range of use, and easy to be recycled, the recycled aluminum industry produces the greatest benefits. The loss caused by casting risers and shrinkage holes reached 80.In the further processing of aluminum ingots, the reclaimed aluminum accounted for a relatively small proportion of the total aluminum consumption. There are also about 20% metal losses. The utilization ratio is less than 52%. The liquid recovery rate of aluminum alloy is only about 40%, and the burning rate is serious and the energy consumption is high during the smelting process. The new waste aluminum regeneration technology is a kind of technology which directly converts waste material into extruded products, and does not involve the melting process of aluminum. In this paper, ADC12 aluminum alloy chip is taken as the research object, and the cutting process is obtained by dry turning process. The blank was prepared by CSP process. The density of the blank directly affected the quality of the extruded parts and the quality of the extruded parts. In this experiment, the hydrostatic device was used and the Taguchi method was used to analyze the density of the billets. The compactness of blanks is studied. Taguchi method regulates the quality of products from an engineering point of view, and focuses on how to reduce the variation of product performance in the process planning stage. This method can avoid the influence of uncontrollable environmental factors. By using fewer experiments to minimize the variation and minimize the fluctuation of the output characteristics, the effect of the fluctuation of each parameter on the output characteristics of the product is considered. In order to improve the stability of the output characteristics of the product, the fluctuation of the major error factor itself is controlled. The method emphasizes that the fluctuation of the index by S / N is measured by means of S / N), which has three quality characteristics, small characteristics. Generally speaking, the eyesight characteristics and the lookout characteristics are selected according to the characteristics of the object of study. When evaluating the effect of changing the process parameters on the product performance, the SNR is a simple evaluation quality indicator. In general, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a simple indicator for evaluating the quality of the product. The maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) will be the best. The mass characteristic studied in this paper is density ratio, which can be used to optimize the CSP process by using the Taguchi method. The results show that the best process of ADC12 is: pressing temperature 250 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1601423