發(fā)布時間：2018-03-11 16:11

  本文選題：微細(xì)群孔電火花加工　切入點(diǎn)：間隙流場　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)研究及工業(yè)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,微細(xì)群孔結(jié)構(gòu)零部件得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。微細(xì)電火花加工技術(shù)由于其無加工機(jī)械作用力、可加工難切削導(dǎo)電材料、加工精度高等特點(diǎn),在微細(xì)群孔結(jié)構(gòu)零部件的加工中具有很大的優(yōu)勢。微細(xì)群孔的加工精度影響著該類零件的使用效果及工作壽命,而工作液條件及電極損耗是影響微細(xì)群孔加工精度的重要因素,因此研究微細(xì)群孔電火花的工作液條件及電極損耗具有重要意義。本文首先論述了國內(nèi)外微細(xì)群孔加工的研究現(xiàn)狀,分析了微細(xì)群孔電火花加工各階段的加工特點(diǎn),并利用流體仿真軟件建立了間隙流場的仿真模型,對各加工階段的間隙流場的速度分布情況進(jìn)行研究。針對間隙流場狀態(tài)最為復(fù)雜的孔加工中間階段,研究了沖液流量、電極轉(zhuǎn)速和加工深度對間隙流場的速度分布影響規(guī)律�；谖⒓�(xì)電火花加工系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及工作原理,采用塊電極磨削及線電極磨削相結(jié)合的方法制備出試驗(yàn)所需微細(xì)電極。為了選取合理的沖液流量及電極轉(zhuǎn)速,對不同沖液流量及電極轉(zhuǎn)速條件下的微細(xì)群孔電火花加工進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。當(dāng)沖液流量增大時,被加工孔的孔徑一致性及入口形貌質(zhì)量得到明顯改善,且微細(xì)孔的加工效率提高、電極損耗降低;當(dāng)電極轉(zhuǎn)速提高時,放電間隙的排屑能力增強(qiáng),放電環(huán)境得到改善,并提高了微細(xì)孔加工的效率。該實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與加工間隙流場的仿真分析結(jié)論相符。為了選取適合于微細(xì)群孔加工的電源加工模式及電參數(shù),在對微細(xì)電火花加工使用的多模式微能脈沖電源進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,開展了RC、TC、TR三種電源模式下的電參數(shù)加工工藝試驗(yàn),得出不同電參數(shù)對工具電極損耗、加工效率及微細(xì)孔的放電間隙的影響規(guī)律。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論,在RC電源模式下,選取低電壓及較大電容,能夠獲得較好的微細(xì)孔加工質(zhì)量。在選取合適的電參數(shù)及相關(guān)加工參數(shù)后,對不同工件厚度及不同工具電極直徑條件下的微細(xì)群孔電火花加工的電極損耗規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究,得出在工具電極保持不變時,電極的軸向損耗隨著加工工件厚度及加工孔數(shù)的增加,呈線性增長。根據(jù)該規(guī)律,對電極的損耗補(bǔ)償策略進(jìn)行研究,得出一種每孔均勻補(bǔ)償?shù)膿p耗補(bǔ)償策略。為了驗(yàn)證該策略的有效性,分別以100μm和80μm直徑電極進(jìn)行微細(xì)群孔加工實(shí)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of scientific research and industrial technology, micro-hole structure parts have been widely used. It has great advantages in the machining of micro group hole structure parts. The machining precision of micro group hole affects the working effect and working life of this kind of parts, and the working fluid condition and electrode loss are the important factors that affect the machining accuracy of micro group hole. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the working conditions and electrode loss of micro group hole EDM. Firstly, this paper discusses the research status of micro group hole machining at home and abroad, and analyzes the processing characteristics of each stage of micro group hole EDM. The simulation model of the clearance flow field is established by using the fluid simulation software, and the velocity distribution of the clearance flow field in each processing stage is studied. In the middle stage of the hole machining, the flow rate of the flushing fluid is studied, which is the most complicated state of the clearance flow field. The effect of electrode speed and machining depth on the velocity distribution of gap flow field is studied. In order to select the reasonable flow rate and rotating speed of the electrode, the micro electrode was prepared by the combination of block electrode grinding and linear electrode grinding. The experimental study on EDM with different flow rate and electrode speed was carried out. When the flow rate was increased, the pore diameter consistency and the quality of the inlet morphology were improved obviously, and the machining efficiency of the micro-hole was improved. The electrode loss is reduced, and the discharge gap is enhanced with the increase of electrode speed, and the discharge environment is improved. The experimental results are in agreement with the results of simulation analysis of the gap flow field. In order to select the power source machining mode and electrical parameters suitable for the micro-hole machining, the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results of the flow field in the machining gap. Based on the analysis of the multi-mode micro-energy pulse power supply used in micro-EDM, the experiments of electrical parameter processing under three power supply modes, RCU TCU TR, are carried out, and the electrode losses of tool are obtained with different electrical parameters. The effect of machining efficiency and discharge gap of micro holes. According to the experimental results, low voltage and large capacitance are selected in RC power supply mode. After selecting appropriate electrical parameters and relevant machining parameters, the electrode loss law of EDM with different workpiece thickness and tool electrode diameter is studied. When the tool electrode remains constant, the axial loss of the electrode increases linearly with the thickness of the workpiece and the number of holes. According to this law, the loss compensation strategy of the electrode is studied. In order to verify the effectiveness of this strategy, a loss compensation strategy with 100 渭 m and 80 渭 m diameter electrodes was developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG661

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