本文選題：交錯(cuò)式鋁芯　切入點(diǎn)：蜂窩　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：多孔材料如鋁蜂窩等具有優(yōu)良的緩沖吸能性能,被廣泛應(yīng)用于交通車輛被動(dòng)防護(hù)系統(tǒng)中,用來吸收車輛意外碰撞事故中的沖擊能量。但因自身結(jié)構(gòu)在空間內(nèi)并不完全對(duì)稱,使得鋁蜂窩共面和異面承載性能存在很大的差異。本文在分析鋁蜂窩結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和吸能特性關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種新的多孔結(jié)構(gòu)——交錯(cuò)式鋁芯,并對(duì)其吸能特性進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)研究,具體工作如下:(1)基于能量守恒原則和_>塑性理論,對(duì)共面壓縮下的“Z型交錯(cuò)式結(jié)構(gòu)胞元”進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析,建立了交錯(cuò)式鋁芯共面初始峰值應(yīng)力模型。(2)運(yùn)用數(shù)值仿真模擬了交錯(cuò)式鋁芯在準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)載荷下的吸能特性。首先,仿真結(jié)果表明,交錯(cuò)式鋁芯共面壓縮和異面壓縮應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線均可分為三個(gè)階段:彈性變形階段、穩(wěn)態(tài)塑性變形階段和密實(shí)化階段。其次,仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了交錯(cuò)式鋁芯共面初始峰值應(yīng)力模型的正確性。再者,還研究了胞元壁厚、邊長對(duì)交錯(cuò)式鋁芯異面吸能特性的影響,結(jié)果表明,其吸能能力隨著胞元壁厚的增大而增強(qiáng),隨著胞元邊長的增大而降低;并用MATLAB擬合出了交錯(cuò)式鋁芯異面平均應(yīng)力的經(jīng)驗(yàn)計(jì)算公式。(3)在理論和仿真分析的基礎(chǔ)上,通過準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了交錯(cuò)式鋁芯與同規(guī)格蜂窩的吸能特性,驗(yàn)證了理論模型和仿真模型的正確性。其次,非軸向加載實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,在0°~45°偏移角內(nèi),交錯(cuò)式鋁芯的吸能能力隨著偏移角度的增大而增強(qiáng),而蜂窩的體積比吸能隨著偏移角度的增大急劇下降,這說明了交錯(cuò)式鋁芯承受多向載荷的能力優(yōu)于蜂窩。(4)此外,還對(duì)交錯(cuò)式鋁芯動(dòng)態(tài)吸能特性進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,結(jié)果表明,交錯(cuò)式鋁芯在沖擊載荷下應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線波動(dòng)較大,力學(xué)特性不穩(wěn)定,且試件呈現(xiàn)局部失效狀況,可靠性有待提高。(5)針對(duì)交錯(cuò)式鋁芯在沖擊載荷下吸能可靠性不足的問題,提出了包覆型交錯(cuò)式鋁芯的優(yōu)化方案。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了該方案垂向承載能力和軸向吸能能力,結(jié)果表明,相對(duì)于純交錯(cuò)式鋁芯,包覆型交錯(cuò)式鋁芯吸能可靠性有明顯提高,為后續(xù)交錯(cuò)式鋁芯的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供了理論支持和實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Porous materials, such as aluminum honeycomb, have been widely used in passive protection systems of traffic vehicles because of their excellent absorbency and energy absorption, which are used to absorb the impact energy in vehicle accidents. However, the structure of porous materials is not completely symmetrical in space. In this paper, based on the analysis of the characteristics of aluminum honeycomb structure and energy absorption characteristics, a new porous structure-staggered aluminum core is proposed. The specific work is as follows: (1) based on the principle of conservation of energy and the theory of _ > plasticity, the "Z type staggered structure cell" under coplanar compression is analyzed. The initial peak stress model of staggered aluminum coplanar is established. The numerical simulation is used to simulate the energy absorption characteristics of interleaved aluminum cores under quasi-static load. First, the simulation results show that, The stress-strain curves of staggered coplanar compression and cross-plane compression of aluminum cores can be divided into three stages: elastic deformation, steady plastic deformation and compaction. The simulation results verify the correctness of the initial peak stress model for staggered aluminum cores. Furthermore, the effects of cell wall thickness and side length on the energy absorption characteristics of interleaved aluminum cores are also studied. The energy absorption ability increases with the increase of cell wall thickness and decreases with the increase of cell side length, and the empirical calculation formula of cross-plane average stress of staggered aluminum core is fitted by MATLAB. The energy absorption characteristics of interlaced aluminum core and honeycomb of the same size are studied by quasi-static compression experiment, and the correctness of the theoretical model and the simulation model are verified. Secondly, the experimental results of non-axial loading show that the energy absorption characteristics of the interlaced aluminum core and the honeycomb of the same size are in the range of 0 擄or 45 擄offset angle. The energy absorption ability of the interleaved aluminum core increases with the increase of the offset angle, while the volume specific energy absorption of the honeycomb decreases sharply with the increase of the offset angle, which indicates that the interleaved aluminum core is superior to the honeycomb. The dynamic energy absorption characteristics of interleaved aluminum cores are also studied experimentally. The results show that the stress-strain curves fluctuate greatly under impact load, the mechanical properties are unstable, and the specimens show local failure. In order to solve the problem that the energy absorption reliability of interlaced aluminum core is insufficient under impact load, the optimization scheme of cladding staggered aluminum core is put forward. The vertical bearing capacity and axial energy absorption capacity of this scheme are studied by experiments. The results show that compared with the pure interlaced aluminum core, the energy absorption reliability of the cladding interlaced aluminum core is obviously improved, which provides theoretical support and experimental basis for the practical application of the subsequent interlaced aluminum core.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG146.21;TB383.4

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