本文選題：電火花加工　切入點：顆粒鋁基復(fù)合材料　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電火花加工顆粒增強鋁基復(fù)合材料(AMCs)是一種非常有前景的加工方法,可以避免傳統(tǒng)刀具破損,降低加工成本,但是電火花加工AMCs也存在自身的缺陷,這些問題主要是由PRAMCs材料中的增強顆粒帶來的,增強顆粒通常是電絕緣材料,而且他們的熔點和汽點等物理特性是合金的幾倍高,在電火花加工的時候,增強顆粒難以融化,因此加工過程中,這些增強顆粒對金屬融化起到阻礙作用,加工效率與增強顆粒分?jǐn)?shù)成反比。而且隨著加工深度的增加,加工效率會變更差,而蝕除微粒也會引起二次放電現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生,使加工過程不穩(wěn)定。而且隨著電火花加工小孔深徑比的增大,這些現(xiàn)象對加工的影響也將增大。本論文探索異形電極加工PRAMCs材料,研究了Al2O3顆粒鋁基復(fù)合材料多邊形中空電極電火花打孔的實驗效果,來驗證多邊形中空電極對加工環(huán)境的改善,提高電火花對顆粒增強鋁基復(fù)合材料打孔效率的影響。首先,本文理論分析了電火花加工顆粒增強鋁基復(fù)合材料的蝕除機(jī)理和加工影響因素;其次,本文對多邊形中空電極加工鋁基復(fù)合材料加工間隙流的場進(jìn)行建模與仿真,分析多邊形中空電極間隙流場分布和間隙蝕除微粒分布情況;然后,本文通過單因素實驗、正交實驗和響應(yīng)曲面法考察峰值電流、脈寬、占空比、主軸轉(zhuǎn)速、沖液壓力等因素對多邊形中空電極加工Al2O3顆粒鋁基復(fù)合材料的材料去除率、工具損耗速度、工具相對損耗的影響,并與圓形中空電極進(jìn)行對比,結(jié)果顯示相同加工工藝下,多邊形中空電極的材料去除率更好,工具損耗速度也更高,但是工具相對損耗更小。論文對比了圓形中空電極和多邊形中空電極深孔加工效果,實驗顯示多邊形電極深孔加工材料去除率更好,但加工表面粗糙度更大。本文通過對多邊形中空電極和圓形中空電極加工孔壁的掃描電鏡圖片,對比分析了多邊形中空電極的電火花蝕除情況,表明多邊形中空電極加工更劇烈,單個脈沖能量效率更大,間接驗證了多邊形中空電極排屑效果的改善。
[Abstract]:EDM particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (EDM) is a promising machining method, which can avoid the breakage of traditional cutting tools and reduce the machining cost. However, EDM AMCs also has its own defects. These problems are mainly caused by reinforced particles in PRAMCs materials, which are usually electrical insulating materials, and their physical properties such as melting point and vapor point are several times higher than those of alloys, and it is difficult for the reinforced particles to melt during EDM. Therefore, in the process of processing, these reinforced particles hinder the melting of the metal, and the processing efficiency is inversely proportional to the fraction of the enhanced particles, and as the processing depth increases, the processing efficiency becomes worse. Moreover, with the increase of the ratio of depth to diameter of small hole in EDM, the effect of these phenomena on machining will also increase. In this paper, special electrodes are used to process PRAMCs materials. The experimental results of polygonal hollow electrode (EDM) drilling of Al2O3 particle aluminum matrix composite were studied to verify the improvement of machining environment and the effect of EDM on the perforation efficiency of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite. In this paper, the mechanism of EDM particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites and the influencing factors are analyzed theoretically. Secondly, the machining gap flow field of polygonal hollow electrode processing aluminum matrix composites is modeled and simulated. The distribution of gap flow field and clearance erosion particles of polygon hollow electrode is analyzed, and the peak current, pulse width, duty cycle, spindle speed are investigated by single factor experiment, orthogonal experiment and response surface method. The effects of pressure on the material removal rate, tool loss speed and tool relative loss of polygonal hollow electrode processing Al2O3 particle aluminum matrix composite are compared with those of circular hollow electrode. The results show that the material removal rate, the tool loss rate and the relative loss of the tool are compared with the circular hollow electrode, and the results show that under the same processing technology, The polygonal hollow electrode has better material removal rate and higher tool loss speed, but the tool loss is smaller. The paper compares the deep hole machining effect between circular hollow electrode and polygonal hollow electrode. The experiment shows that the material removal rate of polygon electrode deep hole machining is better, but the machined surface roughness is larger. In this paper, the scanning electron microscope pictures of polygonal hollow electrode and circular hollow electrode are used to process the hole wall. The EDM erosion of polygon hollow electrode is compared and analyzed. The results show that the polygon hollow electrode is processed more intensively and the energy efficiency of single pulse is greater, which indirectly verifies the improvement of chip removal effect of polygon hollow electrode.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG661

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