本文關鍵詞： 鋁合金薄壁件 有限元 低應力 振動時效 檢測技術　出處：《北華航天工業(yè)學院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鋁合金復雜薄壁件由于具有良好的綜合力學性能,已被廣泛用于導彈武器裝備系統(tǒng)、航空航天產品中,但其在實際加工生產中存在變形難控制、高精度尺寸及形位公差無法保證的問題,追求結構材料的輕量化,導致其無法滿足設計使用要求,使其在實際生產中受到制約。本文針對實際加工中遇到的幾個主要因素,采用理論和實踐相結合的方法,對鋁合金復雜薄壁件精密加工技術進行了研究。本文具體研究內容如下:首先,對影響精密加工變形的殘余應力進行研究,找出合適的測量方法。應用頻譜諧波振動時效的方法消除殘余應力,在此基礎上建立了有限元振動時效仿真模型,優(yōu)化了進給量、轉速、切深等主要切削工藝參數(shù),給出了消除內應力振動時效參數(shù),并通過試驗的方法進行驗證,為控制加工變形提供了理論依據(jù)。然后,分析了低應力裝夾過程對精密加工的影響,建立綜合工件-工裝的剛度分析模型,利用有限元仿真技術分析對比了不同裝夾下應力及變形情況,得出最優(yōu)的裝夾方案,并對裝夾及采樣點的分布確定進行了研究,研究優(yōu)化切削許用值對精密加工變形的影響,分析得出最優(yōu)的參數(shù)組合,實現(xiàn)低應力裝夾在精密加工中的優(yōu)化應用。最后,對結構件進行了精密加工性能的檢測和分析,以驗證結構件是否滿足型號使用要求。其中三維尺寸、內部質量、表面粗糙度、殘余應力檢測用于結構件質量與缺陷檢測,模態(tài)、振動試驗用于驗證結構件性能是否滿足使用需求。
[Abstract]:Aluminum alloy complex thin-walled parts have been widely used in missile weapon systems and aerospace products because of their good comprehensive mechanical properties, but the deformation is difficult to control in actual processing and production. The problems of high precision size and tolerance of shape and position can not be guaranteed, and the pursuit of lightweight structural materials leads to its inability to meet the requirements of design and use, which makes it restricted in actual production. This paper aims at several main factors encountered in practical processing. The precision machining technology of complex thin-walled aluminum alloy is studied by combining theory and practice. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the residual stress which affects the deformation of aluminum alloy is studied. The method of spectrum harmonic vibration aging is used to eliminate residual stress. On this basis, the finite element simulation model of vibration aging is established, and the main cutting process parameters, such as feed rate, rotational speed and cutting depth, are optimized. The vibration aging parameters for eliminating internal stress are given and verified by experimental method, which provides a theoretical basis for controlling machining deformation. Then, the influence of low stress clamping process on precision machining is analyzed. The stiffness analysis model of integrated workpiece and tooling is established. The stress and deformation under different clamps are analyzed and compared by using finite element simulation technology. The optimal clamping scheme is obtained, and the distribution of clamping and sampling points is studied. The effect of the allowable value of optimal cutting on the deformation of precision machining is studied, and the optimal parameter combination is obtained to realize the optimal application of low stress clamping in precision machining. Finally, the precision machining performance of structural parts is tested and analyzed. In order to verify that the structural parts meet the requirements of the use of the model. The three-dimensional dimension, internal quality, surface roughness, residual stress detection for structural quality and defect detection, modal, Vibration tests are used to verify that the performance of the structure meets the operational requirements.
【學位授予單位】：北華航天工業(yè)學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG156.92;TG506

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本文編號：1548767