發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-04 07:45

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 磁導(dǎo)體環(huán)形結(jié)構(gòu) 小徑管 脈沖渦流 周向裂紋 有限元仿真　出處：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：小直徑金屬管在電力、航空航天、石油能源等行業(yè)應(yīng)用廣泛。管道的周向裂紋缺陷是一種易導(dǎo)致斷裂的缺陷。常規(guī)的渦流檢測(cè)其渦流走向平行于周向裂紋,因而對(duì)周向裂紋容易漏檢,其他無損檢測(cè)方法由于管徑小管壁薄也不易檢測(cè),而陣列渦流、旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場(chǎng)掃描技術(shù)等先進(jìn)的無損檢測(cè)技術(shù)由于成本高、機(jī)械裝置復(fù)雜等缺點(diǎn),在實(shí)際檢測(cè)中難以大范圍推廣應(yīng)用。本論文旨在探索一種低成本的對(duì)于周向裂紋的檢測(cè)技術(shù)。本課題根據(jù)磁場(chǎng)與電場(chǎng)的正交對(duì)稱性設(shè)計(jì)了磁導(dǎo)體環(huán)形結(jié)構(gòu)傳感器,形成垂直于周向裂紋的電場(chǎng),利用近年發(fā)展的脈沖渦流檢測(cè)技術(shù),對(duì)小徑管周向裂紋缺陷檢測(cè)進(jìn)行了研究。首先建立了檢測(cè)平臺(tái),然后以實(shí)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)合ANSYS有限元仿真的方式,從探頭結(jié)構(gòu)、激勵(lì)電壓以及激勵(lì)頻率等方面對(duì)小徑管周向裂紋脈沖渦流檢測(cè)方法及機(jī)理進(jìn)行了深入研究。項(xiàng)目制作了單層單片式雙激勵(lì)、單層雙片式雙激勵(lì)以及單層分散式雙激勵(lì)三種探頭,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)探頭結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)檢測(cè)效果的影響進(jìn)行了研究,并進(jìn)行了仿真分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明單片式探頭對(duì)小徑管周向裂紋的檢測(cè)效果最好,檢測(cè)信號(hào)的信噪比最好,對(duì)0.5mm深以下小尺寸裂紋的檢測(cè)能力最強(qiáng);雙片式探頭對(duì)0.7mm深以上大尺寸裂紋具有較好的檢測(cè)效果,對(duì)小尺寸裂紋的檢測(cè)易受到背景噪聲的干擾;分散式探頭檢測(cè)效果最差。仿真結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果相一致。研究了不同幅值的激勵(lì)電壓對(duì)檢測(cè)的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)置了激勵(lì)電壓為1V、2V、3V和5V,分別對(duì)小徑管試件上三組裂紋缺陷進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。提取管道法向方向磁場(chǎng)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):隨著激勵(lì)電壓的增大,在檢測(cè)較深裂紋時(shí)效果逐漸增強(qiáng);但在檢測(cè)淺裂紋時(shí),3V、5V激勵(lì)的檢測(cè)效果差異不明顯。就信號(hào)的信噪比而言,激勵(lì)電壓越大,信噪比越高。隨后進(jìn)行了仿真研究,通過仿真結(jié)果的接收電壓歸一化曲線可以看出,不同激勵(lì)電壓下接收信號(hào)歸一化值在小裂紋缺陷處區(qū)分并不明顯,與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果一致。激勵(lì)頻率主要影響了脈沖渦流檢測(cè)的滲透深度。在50Hz、100Hz、200Hz、300Hz、400Hz、500Hz激勵(lì)頻率下進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)及仿真分析發(fā)現(xiàn),增大激勵(lì)頻率后雖然管道法向方向磁場(chǎng)信號(hào)的幅值略有減小,但是信號(hào)的信噪比明顯提高,檢測(cè)靈敏度增強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Small-diameter metal pipes are widely used in power, aerospace, petroleum and energy industries. The circumferential crack defects of pipelines are a kind of defects that lead to fracture. The conventional eddy current detection of the eddy current direction is parallel to the circumferential cracks. Therefore, the circumferential crack is easy to be detected, other nondestructive testing methods are difficult to detect because of the thin tube wall with small diameter, and the advanced nondestructive testing technology such as array eddy current, rotating magnetic field scanning technology, etc., due to the high cost. The mechanical device is complex and so on. The purpose of this paper is to explore a low-cost detection technique for circumferential cracks. Based on the orthogonal symmetry of magnetic field and electric field, a magnetic conductor ring structure sensor is designed. . In order to form an electric field perpendicular to the circumferential crack, the detection of the circumferential crack defects in the small diameter tube is studied by using the pulse eddy current testing technique developed in recent years. Firstly, the detection platform is established. Then with the experimental study combined with the ANSYS finite element simulation method, from the probe structure. The method and mechanism of pulse eddy current detection for circumferential crack of small diameter tube are studied in detail from the aspects of excitation voltage and excitation frequency. Single layer single chip double excitation is made in the project. The influence of the structure of the probe on the detection effect was studied by experiments. The experimental results show that the single-chip probe has the best detection effect on circumferential crack of small diameter tube and the best signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of detection signal, and the best detection ability for small size crack below 0.5 mm depth. The double-chip probe has a good effect on the detection of large size crack over 0.7 mm depth, and the detection of small size crack is easily disturbed by background noise. The effect of the distributed probe is the worst. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. The effects of different amplitudes of excitation voltage on the detection are studied. The excitation voltage is set to be 1V / 2V ~ (3V) and 5V in the experiment. Three groups of crack defects on the specimen of small diameter tube were detected respectively. The results of extracting the normal magnetic field data of the pipe show that the effect of detecting the deep crack increases gradually with the increase of the excitation voltage. However, there is no significant difference in the detection effect of 3V / 5V excitation when detecting shallow cracks. As far as the signal to noise ratio is concerned, the greater the excitation voltage, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Then the simulation study is carried out. Through the simulation results of the received voltage normalization curve, it can be seen that under different excitation voltage, the difference of the received signal normalization value in the small crack defects is not obvious. The results are in agreement with the experimental results. The exciting frequency mainly affects the penetration depth of the pulsed eddy current detection. The experiment and simulation at 500Hz excitation frequency show that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and detection sensitivity of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the normal magnetic field signal decrease slightly after increasing the excitation frequency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG115.28

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 邵文斌;祁攀;崔洪巖;廖述圣;韓捷;;渦流定量檢測(cè)蒸發(fā)器傳熱管裂紋的影響因素[J];無損檢測(cè);2016年11期

2 付躍文;喻星星;;脈沖渦流方法過油管檢測(cè)套管橫向裂縫研究[J];機(jī)械工程學(xué)報(bào);2014年24期

3 王維;黃學(xué)良;周亞龍;曹偉杰;譚林林;;雙中繼無線電能傳輸系統(tǒng)建模及傳輸效率分析[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào);2014年09期

4 齊向前;;導(dǎo)波檢測(cè)技術(shù)在小徑管檢測(cè)中的應(yīng)用[J];無損檢測(cè);2014年08期

5 喻星星;付躍文;徐進(jìn)軍;江茫;;脈沖遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)渦流檢測(cè)雙層鋼管橫向裂縫仿真研究[J];南昌航空大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2014年02期

6 張加軍;鄭麗馨;劉英偉;楊森垓;吳彥農(nóng);胡江;;壓水堆核電廠蒸汽發(fā)生器傳熱管的降質(zhì)問題[J];壓力容器;2013年12期

7 郭韻;楊勁松;曹剛;;凝汽器管板區(qū)傳熱管的渦流MRPC探頭檢測(cè)[J];無損檢測(cè);2012年10期

8 徐志遠(yuǎn);武新軍;黃琛;康宜華;;激勵(lì)參數(shù)和試件電磁參數(shù)對(duì)脈沖渦流檢測(cè)影響的仿真分析[J];無損檢測(cè);2011年06期

9 林俊明;;電磁無損檢測(cè)技術(shù)的發(fā)展與新成果[J];工程與試驗(yàn);2011年01期

10 朱祥軍;吳怡;;油田用高壓管線焊縫的超聲波探傷方法[J];鉆采工藝;2010年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李偉;基于交流電磁場(chǎng)的缺陷智能可視化檢測(cè)技術(shù)研究[D];中國石油大學(xué);2007年

2 楊賓峰;脈沖渦流無損檢測(cè)若干關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];國防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué);2006年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 陳玉;電磁探測(cè)“盲區(qū)”中偶極子源的位移電流效應(yīng)分析[D];重慶大學(xué);2015年

2 吳少文;飛機(jī)多層金屬鉚接結(jié)構(gòu)脈沖渦流檢測(cè)信號(hào)分析與提離效應(yīng)抑制[D];南昌航空大學(xué);2014年

3 喻星星;激勵(lì)參數(shù)對(duì)鐵磁性管構(gòu)件脈沖渦流檢測(cè)的影響及其機(jī)理研究[D];南昌航空大學(xué);2013年

4 康小偉;包覆層管道腐蝕脈沖渦流檢測(cè)機(jī)理與方法研究[D];南昌航空大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：1489731