本文關(guān)鍵詞： 整體葉輪 逆向工程 曲面重構(gòu) 有限元 五軸加工　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：整體葉輪是壓氣類發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的核心部件,它被廣泛的應(yīng)用于航空、航天、地面推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)冶金以及國(guó)防等領(lǐng)域。整體葉輪的設(shè)計(jì)和加工技術(shù)對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的性能至關(guān)重要。本文在模型設(shè)計(jì)方面先運(yùn)用逆向工程技術(shù)對(duì)整體葉輪的模型反求重構(gòu),接著對(duì)重構(gòu)的整體葉輪模型結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元分析,進(jìn)一步對(duì)模型結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化再設(shè)計(jì),然后在加工方面,通過(guò)五軸加工技術(shù)對(duì)整體葉輪進(jìn)行自動(dòng)編程和仿真加工驗(yàn)證,最后在機(jī)床上進(jìn)行試切。在整體葉輪造型建模方面,一開始就設(shè)計(jì)和建立由復(fù)雜曲面組成的葉輪模型較為困難,本文基于逆向工程技術(shù)對(duì)整體葉輪進(jìn)行逆向建模,并對(duì)其做了一定的研究。先利用非接觸式三維掃描儀JUMN-SUN對(duì)實(shí)物進(jìn)行點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的采集,由物理模型轉(zhuǎn)化構(gòu)建數(shù)字化模型。利用逆向軟件Imageware和造型軟件UG NX8.5各自軟件優(yōu)勢(shì),對(duì)葉片和輪轂進(jìn)行曲面模型重構(gòu)。首先對(duì)物理模型進(jìn)行點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)的采集并預(yù)處理,通過(guò)提取邊界輪廓特征點(diǎn),由點(diǎn)生成特征曲線,由曲線生成曲面,從而完成實(shí)體造型,遵循由點(diǎn)到線到面再到體的造型的方法,同時(shí)根據(jù)整體葉輪的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)葉輪模型造型。在整體葉輪結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化方面,利用有限元分析軟件UG NX有限元分析對(duì)逆向重構(gòu)的葉輪模型進(jìn)行靜強(qiáng)度分析。通過(guò)對(duì)葉輪的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行線性靜力學(xué)分析,得到最大變形出現(xiàn)和應(yīng)力集中的位置,為整體葉輪的逆向建模結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化和再設(shè)計(jì)提供了依據(jù)。本文還對(duì)整體葉輪五軸仿真加工做了一定內(nèi)容的研究。整體葉輪的葉片薄、數(shù)量多,曲率半徑變化大,葉片之間空間狹窄,技術(shù)要求較高,加工難度大,通過(guò)制定合理的加工工藝,利用五軸數(shù)控機(jī)床完成加工。本文使用的UG NX8.5軟件具有強(qiáng)大的造型功能和五軸自動(dòng)編程功能,利用UG NX8.5專業(yè)五軸葉輪模塊進(jìn)行自動(dòng)編程生成刀具軌跡,通過(guò)UG后置處理器生成與機(jī)床匹配的NC程序,最后利用VERICUT的仿真功能,對(duì)刀路進(jìn)行檢查和程序的校驗(yàn),得到滿足實(shí)際加工要求人的NC程序,從而保證實(shí)際加工的可行性和準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:Integral impeller is the core component of pressurized engine. It is widely used in aeronautics and spaceflight. The design and processing technology of the integral impeller is very important to the performance of the engine. In this paper, reverse engineering technology is first used to reconstruct the model of the integral impeller in the aspect of model design. . Then the reconstructed integral impeller model structure is analyzed by finite element method, and then the model structure is optimized and redesigned, and then processed. Through the five-axis machining technology to the whole impeller automatic programming and simulation processing verification, finally in the machine tool trial cutting, in the integral impeller modeling. At the beginning, it is difficult to design and build impeller model which is composed of complex curved surface. In this paper, reverse modeling of integral impeller is carried out based on reverse engineering technology. And do a certain amount of research. First, using the contactless 3D scanner JUMN-SUN to collect point cloud data. The digital model is constructed by the transformation of physical model, and the advantages of reverse software Imageware and modeling software UG NX8.5 are used. The surface model of blade and hub is reconstructed. Firstly, the physical model is collected and preprocessed by point cloud data. By extracting the boundary contour feature points, the characteristic curve is generated from the point and the surface is generated from the curve. In order to complete the solid modeling, follow the point to line to face to body modeling method, at the same time according to the structural characteristics of the whole impeller, the impeller model modeling. In the integral impeller structure optimization. The finite element analysis software UG NX is used to analyze the static strength of the reverse reconstructed impeller model, and the linear statics analysis of the impeller structure is carried out. The position of maximum deformation and stress concentration is obtained. It provides the basis for the optimization and redesign of the reverse modeling structure of the integral impeller. This paper also does some research on the five-axis simulation machining of the integral impeller. The blade of the integral impeller is thin, the number is large, and the curvature radius changes greatly. The space between the blades is narrow, the technical requirement is high, the processing difficulty is high, through the formulation of reasonable processing technology. The UG NX8.5 software used in this paper has powerful modeling function and five-axis automatic programming function. The five-axis impeller module of UG NX8.5 is used to generate tool path automatically, and NC program matching with machine tool is generated by UG post-processor. Finally, the simulation function of VERICUT is used. The NC program is obtained to meet the requirements of actual machining by checking the cutter path and checking the program, thus ensuring the feasibility and accuracy of the actual machining.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TK406;TG659

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