本文關(guān)鍵詞： 55鋼 熱鍛件 再結(jié)晶行為 晶粒度預(yù)報(bào) 雙向控制　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：評(píng)價(jià)金屬熱鍛件產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的兩個(gè)主要指標(biāo):成形尺寸和組織性能。成形尺寸滿足裝配的要求,確保產(chǎn)品能正常使用;而組織性能的好壞直接影響著使用壽命,從某方面上講,產(chǎn)品組織性能具有更重要的意義。晶粒度是評(píng)價(jià)熱鍛件微觀組織的重要參數(shù),根據(jù)經(jīng)典Hall-Petch公式,細(xì)小的晶粒度組織可顯著提高金屬材料的綜合力學(xué)性能。因此通過(guò)合理的方法對(duì)材料熱成形的晶粒度演變進(jìn)行預(yù)報(bào),這可為實(shí)際鍛件生產(chǎn)的質(zhì)量控制提供理論依據(jù)。本文利用有限元數(shù)值分析與物理實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的微觀組織模擬方法,系統(tǒng)研究55鋼熱壓縮以及某異形鍛件熱成形的晶粒度變化規(guī)律,同時(shí)為在Deform-3D軟件后處理窗口中實(shí)現(xiàn)有效的晶粒度預(yù)報(bào)結(jié)果,需先在型號(hào)-3800熱/力模擬機(jī)上進(jìn)行單、雙道次熱壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn)并結(jié)合金相實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),建立55鋼熱形變的微觀組織演變包括動(dòng)態(tài)、靜態(tài)再結(jié)晶的Yada唯象模型,具體研究工作如下:(1)采用單道次實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了55鋼熱形變的動(dòng)態(tài)再結(jié)晶行為規(guī)律,主要包括:確立了55鋼動(dòng)態(tài)再結(jié)晶形變激活能和熱塑性變形本構(gòu)關(guān)系;采用Poliak和Jonas提出的應(yīng)變硬化率(?)模型,得到了動(dòng)態(tài)再結(jié)晶臨界條件下應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變比值;建立了與初始奧氏體晶粒大小相關(guān)的峰值應(yīng)變模型,及動(dòng)態(tài)再結(jié)晶動(dòng)力學(xué)方程。(2)采用雙道次實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了55鋼熱形變的靜態(tài)再結(jié)晶行為,得出不同工藝參數(shù)條件下對(duì)靜態(tài)再結(jié)晶行為的影響可概括為:隨壓縮溫度升高,或應(yīng)變速率增大,或第一道次應(yīng)變量增大,或初始奧氏體晶粒越細(xì)小,按式計(jì)算得的靜態(tài)再結(jié)晶百分?jǐn)?shù)就越高。并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)回歸建立了靜態(tài)再結(jié)晶動(dòng)力學(xué)方程。(3)通過(guò)將建立的相關(guān)參數(shù)嵌入到Deform-3D軟件中完成該材料熱壓縮變形的晶粒度預(yù)報(bào)有限元模擬系統(tǒng)建立,從直觀層面上對(duì)熱壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn)的微觀組織演變包括動(dòng)態(tài)、靜態(tài)再結(jié)晶以及晶粒長(zhǎng)大的晶粒度變化進(jìn)行預(yù)報(bào)與分析。(4)結(jié)合熱塑性變形宏觀與微觀多尺度的有限元耦合系統(tǒng),針對(duì)某異形鍛件產(chǎn)品實(shí)例,對(duì)其熱成形過(guò)程進(jìn)行了宏微觀模擬分析,并通過(guò)對(duì)比A、B兩處實(shí)際的空冷晶粒組織,發(fā)現(xiàn)A處的晶粒組織明顯要細(xì)小,這與晶粒度預(yù)報(bào)結(jié)果一致,從而驗(yàn)證了所采用的唯象模型對(duì)晶粒度預(yù)報(bào)的有效性。研究結(jié)果表明:基于建立的Yada唯象模型用于55鋼熱成形的晶粒度預(yù)報(bào)是有效的,這可為實(shí)現(xiàn)鍛件產(chǎn)品的宏觀成形尺寸與微觀組織性能雙向控制提供重要的工具。
[Abstract]:There are two main indexes to evaluate the product quality of hot metal forgings: forming size and microstructure and properties. The forming dimensions meet the requirements of assembly and ensure the products can be used normally. The quality of microstructure and properties directly affect the service life, from a certain point of view, the structure and properties of products have more important significance. Grain size is an important parameter to evaluate the microstructure of hot forgings. According to the classical Hall-Petch formula, fine grain size structure can significantly improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of metal materials. Therefore, the grain size evolution of hot forming materials is predicted by a reasonable method. This can provide a theoretical basis for the quality control of actual forgings. In this paper, the microstructure simulation method combining finite element numerical analysis with physical experiments is used. The grain size variation of hot compression of 55 steel and hot forming of a special-shaped forgings was studied systematically, and the results of grain size prediction were realized in the post-processing window of Deform-3D software. The microstructure evolution of 55 steel thermal deformation including dynamics should be established by single and double pass thermal compression test on the model -3800 thermal / mechanical simulator combined with metallographic experimental data. The Yada phenomenological model of static recrystallization, the specific research work is as follows: 1) the dynamic recrystallization behavior of 55 steel is studied by single pass experiment. The dynamic recrystallization activation energy and thermoplastic deformation constitutive relation of 55 steel are established. Strain hardening rate proposed by Poliak and Jonas? The ratio of stress and strain under the critical condition of dynamic recrystallization is obtained. The peak strain model related to the initial austenite grain size and the dynamic recrystallization kinetics equation. It is concluded that the effect of different process parameters on the static recrystallization behavior can be summarized as follows: with the increase of compression temperature, the strain rate increases, or the first secondary strain increases, or the initial austenite grain becomes smaller. The higher the percentage of static recrystallization is calculated by the formula, and the equation of static recrystallization kinetics is established by regression of experimental data. By embedding the relevant parameters into the Deform-3D software, the finite element simulation system of grain size prediction for the hot compression deformation of the material is established. The microstructure evolution of the thermal compression experiment includes the dynamics from the visual level. Static recrystallization and grain growth grain size change prediction and analysis. 4) combined with thermoplastic deformation macro and micro multi-scale finite element coupling system for a special-shaped forgings product example. The hot forming process was analyzed by macro and micro simulation, and by comparing the two actual air-cooled grain structures in A and B, it was found that the grain structure at A was obviously fine, which was consistent with the prediction results of grain size. The results show that the proposed Yada phenomenological model is effective in predicting the grain size of 55 steel in hot forming. This can provide an important tool for realizing the bidirectional control of macro forming size and microstructure and properties of forgings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG142.1

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