本文關(guān)鍵詞： 太陽(yáng)輪 冷擠壓 分步成形 同步成形 參數(shù)優(yōu)化 工藝試驗(yàn)　出處：《重慶理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：太陽(yáng)輪是行星齒輪傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)中重要的零件,由于其結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,加工要求高,目前主要還是采用傳統(tǒng)的切削加工方法生產(chǎn),即使運(yùn)用冷擠壓成形工藝加工太陽(yáng)輪也是先成形外齒,然后再通過(guò)拉齒工藝加工出內(nèi)花鍵。采用拉齒工藝等傳統(tǒng)的切削加工方法,不可避免地存在著加工效率低、切削廢料多、成本高,材料的力學(xué)性能降低等一系列問(wèn)題。冷擠壓技術(shù)是一種節(jié)能,高效,綠色的精密塑性成形方法,越來(lái)越多的企業(yè)選擇冷擠壓成形這種少無(wú)切削、節(jié)能環(huán)保的精密塑性成形技術(shù)來(lái)加工齒輪。但由于太陽(yáng)輪同時(shí)具有外齒和內(nèi)花鍵,形狀復(fù)雜,成形困難;擠壓過(guò)程中金屬流動(dòng)復(fù)雜,齒形部分的成形質(zhì)量難以保證,這嚴(yán)重制約了冷擠壓技術(shù)在類似齒輪加工中的推廣應(yīng)用。本文以具有外齒和內(nèi)花鍵的太陽(yáng)輪為研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和數(shù)值模擬分析結(jié)果確定了太陽(yáng)輪內(nèi)外齒分步冷擠壓成形工藝方案。通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬分析得到了太陽(yáng)輪成形過(guò)程中的金屬流動(dòng)規(guī)律和各工藝參數(shù)對(duì)成形質(zhì)量及成形載荷的影響規(guī)律;采用彈塑性有限元模型對(duì)太陽(yáng)輪的成形精度進(jìn)行了研究,得到了模具彈性擴(kuò)張和擠壓件彈性回復(fù)行為對(duì)齒輪精度的影響規(guī)律,提出冷擠壓+精整的復(fù)合成形工藝,并成形出較高精度的太陽(yáng)輪外齒和內(nèi)花鍵。根據(jù)數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,進(jìn)行了太陽(yáng)輪內(nèi)外齒分步冷擠壓成形工藝試驗(yàn)。工藝試驗(yàn)表明,采用分步冷擠壓成形工藝可以加工出質(zhì)量合格的內(nèi)花鍵和外齒,而且分步冷擠壓成形工藝中增加了精整外齒的工藝,在保證內(nèi)花鍵成形質(zhì)量的同時(shí)提高了外齒的成形精度。為了滿足企業(yè)進(jìn)一步降低生產(chǎn)成本,提高生產(chǎn)效率的要求,提出了采用實(shí)心坯料同步冷擠壓成形太陽(yáng)輪內(nèi)外齒的工藝方案;通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬分析得到了各工藝參數(shù)對(duì)太陽(yáng)輪同步冷擠壓成形的影響規(guī)律;通過(guò)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的方法對(duì)各工藝參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化分析,獲得了最佳工藝參數(shù)組合。
[Abstract]:Solar wheel is an important part of planetary gear transmission mechanism. Because of its complex structure and high processing requirements, the traditional cutting method is mainly used to produce solar wheel. Even if the sun wheel is processed by cold extrusion, the outer teeth are formed first, and then the inner spline is processed by the pull-tooth process. Traditional cutting methods such as pull-tooth technology are adopted. A series of problems inevitably exist, such as low processing efficiency, high cutting waste, high cost and low mechanical properties of materials. Cold extrusion technology is an energy-saving, efficient, green precision plastic forming method. More and more enterprises choose cold extrusion forming, which is a precision plastic forming technology with few cutting, energy saving and environmental protection, to process gears. However, because the sun wheel has both outer teeth and inner splines, the shape is complex and the forming is difficult. During the extrusion process, the metal flow is complicated, and the forming quality of the tooth shape is difficult to guarantee. This seriously restricts the application of cold extrusion technology in similar gear machining. In this paper, the sun wheel with outer teeth and internal spline is taken as the research object. According to its structural characteristics and numerical simulation results, the forming process scheme of the solar wheel was determined. Through the numerical simulation analysis, the metal flow law and the process parameters of the solar wheel forming process were obtained. The influence of forming quality and forming load; The forming accuracy of solar wheel is studied by using elastic-plastic finite element model, and the influence of die elastic expansion and elastic recovery behavior of extrusion parts on gear accuracy is obtained. A cold extrusion finishing compound forming process is proposed, and a high precision solar wheel outer tooth and internal spline is formed. The numerical simulation results are given. The experimental results show that the quality of inner spline and outer tooth can be obtained by the step cold extrusion process. In order to meet the need to further reduce the production cost, the process of finishing the outer teeth is added in the step cold extrusion process, which ensures the forming quality of the inner spline and improves the forming accuracy of the outer teeth at the same time. In order to improve the production efficiency, the technological scheme of forming inner and outer teeth of solar wheel by synchronous cold extrusion of solid billets is put forward. Through numerical simulation analysis, the influence of various technological parameters on synchronous cold extrusion forming of solar wheel is obtained. The optimum combination of process parameters was obtained by orthogonal experimental design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U466;TG376.3

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