本文關(guān)鍵詞： 熱效應(yīng) 形狀記憶合金 剛度控制 回復(fù)應(yīng)力 布局優(yōu)化　出處：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文主要針對氣動加熱環(huán)境結(jié)構(gòu)剛度下降的問題，基于形狀記憶合金的特性，提出采用形狀記憶合金驅(qū)動器對其進(jìn)行剛度控制。 首先，通過有限元仿真揭示了氣動加熱環(huán)境下對彈體結(jié)構(gòu)固有頻率的影響，并根據(jù)形狀記憶合金的特性提出了剛度控制策略。 其次，討論了適用于回復(fù)應(yīng)力計(jì)算的形狀記憶合金一維本構(gòu)模型，設(shè)計(jì)對形狀記憶合金驅(qū)動器預(yù)拉伸和性能測試的實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置，應(yīng)用Brinson一維本構(gòu)模型計(jì)算不同預(yù)應(yīng)變的形狀記憶合金絲回復(fù)應(yīng)力隨溫度的變化，并與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果相比較。 第三，針對MSC.NASTRAN不能很好地建立形狀記憶合金材料，結(jié)合實(shí)際工程需要，，利用PATRAN的二次開發(fā)語言將一維形狀記憶合金材料系統(tǒng)集成到PATRAN中，通過開發(fā)的模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)了商業(yè)有限元軟件中對布置有形狀記憶合金材料的驅(qū)動結(jié)構(gòu)以及復(fù)合材料結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有限元建模分析。同時針對氣動加熱引起的高溫效應(yīng)使結(jié)構(gòu)剛度降低的現(xiàn)象，提出了利用形狀記憶合金纖維埋入結(jié)構(gòu)中進(jìn)行剛度控制的方法。從建立SMA纖維混雜層合板出發(fā)，研究了溫度載荷下結(jié)構(gòu)剛度特性與SMA的初始預(yù)應(yīng)變、體積含量關(guān)系。 最后，研究了基于形狀記憶合金的平板結(jié)構(gòu)剛度控制方法，提出了驅(qū)動器在平板上的布置形式。通過建立分析有限元模型并結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證控制效果，在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步采用遺傳優(yōu)化算法對驅(qū)動器布局方式進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，優(yōu)化后的布置方案可實(shí)現(xiàn)利用較少的SMA驅(qū)動器提高剛度控制效果，為利用形狀記憶合金實(shí)現(xiàn)對結(jié)構(gòu)的剛度控制提供參考和借鑒。
[Abstract]:Based on the characteristics of shape memory alloy (SMA), a shape memory alloy (SMA) driver is proposed to control the stiffness of pneumatic heating environment. Firstly, the influence of aerodynamic heating on the natural frequency of projectile structure is revealed by finite element simulation, and the stiffness control strategy is proposed according to the characteristics of shape memory alloy. Secondly, the one-dimensional constitutive model of shape memory alloy (SMA), which is suitable for the calculation of recovery stress, is discussed, and an experimental device for testing the pretension and properties of the SMA driver is designed. The recovery stress of shape memory alloy wire with different prestrain was calculated by Brinson one-dimensional constitutive model and compared with the experimental results. Third, MSC.NASTRAN can not build shape memory alloy materials well, combined with the actual engineering needs. One-dimensional shape memory alloy material system is integrated into PATRAN by using the secondary development language of PATRAN. The commercial finite element software has been developed to model and analyze the driving structure and composite structure of shape memory alloy material. At the same time, the high temperature effect caused by pneumatic heating is used to make the junction. The phenomenon of structural stiffness decreasing. In this paper, a method of stiffness control with shape memory alloy fiber embedded in the structure is proposed. Based on the establishment of SMA fiber hybrid laminated plate, the stiffness characteristics of the structure under temperature load and the initial prestrain of SMA are studied. Volume content relationship. Finally, the stiffness control method of flat plate structure based on shape memory alloy is studied, and the layout of the actuator on the plate is proposed. The finite element model is established and the control effect is verified by experiments. On the basis of this, genetic optimization algorithm is used to optimize the layout of the driver. The optimized layout can use less SMA driver to improve the stiffness control effect. It provides a reference for the stiffness control of the structure by using shape memory alloy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TG139.6

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