本文關(guān)鍵詞： 非圓球頭銑刀 橢球頭銑刀 旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面型銑刀 “8”字型銑刀 整體銑刀　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著航空航天用零件和汽車模具型面的復(fù)雜程度越來(lái)越高,對(duì)數(shù)控加工中的加工效率和工件表面質(zhì)量的要求也越來(lái)越高,刀具的精準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)提高加工效率、改善工件表面質(zhì)量和降低加工成本有著極為重要意義。計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展對(duì)刀具技術(shù)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了極為重要的作用,降低了刀具精準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)、刀具精準(zhǔn)制備和復(fù)雜型面加工等問(wèn)題的難度。刀具的設(shè)計(jì)、制造和應(yīng)用的精準(zhǔn)性的提高對(duì)高精度加工制造極為重要。目前對(duì)刀具的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、幾何設(shè)計(jì)的研究相對(duì)較少,而刀具的結(jié)構(gòu)和刀具幾何形狀對(duì)刀具的切削性能具有至關(guān)重要的影響。為了提高加工效率、改善工件表面質(zhì)量,為適用于航空航天、汽車模具制造業(yè)等領(lǐng)域中的小曲率敞口類曲面的加工,本文設(shè)計(jì)了橢球頭銑刀、旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面型銑刀和“8”字型銑刀3種不同形狀和性能的非圓球頭整體銑刀,分別建立了3種新型刀具的三種切削刃曲線模型,為新型刀具的精準(zhǔn)制造提供了理論基礎(chǔ)�；贛ATLAB開(kāi)發(fā)了新型銑刀參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái),實(shí)現(xiàn)了新型銑刀的參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)和刀具可視化設(shè)計(jì),可以為刀具的設(shè)計(jì)提供仿真驗(yàn)證平臺(tái)�？紤]到二軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控磨削的經(jīng)濟(jì)性和便利性,建立了新型刀具的二軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控磨削模型,提出了砂輪輪廓曲線模型,計(jì)算了砂輪軸向進(jìn)給速度和徑向進(jìn)給速度�？紤]到五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控磨削的應(yīng)用性和精準(zhǔn)性,建立了新型刀具的五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控磨削模型,計(jì)算了砂輪中心點(diǎn)位置和砂輪軸線方向,為新型刀具的精準(zhǔn)制造提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。針對(duì)汽車模具型面以三軸數(shù)控端銑加工為主的應(yīng)用需求,建立了回轉(zhuǎn)刀具的三軸數(shù)控端銑加工刀具路徑生成算法,建立了回轉(zhuǎn)刀具的刀位點(diǎn)軌跡模型�？紤]到本文所設(shè)計(jì)的橢球頭銑刀、旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面型銑刀和“8”字型銑刀的刀具幾何模型的特殊性,分別建立了橢球頭銑刀、旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面型銑刀和“8”字型銑刀的三軸數(shù)控端銑加工刀具路徑生成算法。為了驗(yàn)證橢球頭銑刀、旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面型銑刀和“8”字型銑刀的刀具性能,本文對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的橢球頭銑刀、旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面型銑刀和“8”字型銑刀的刀具性能進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,與球頭銑刀對(duì)比,進(jìn)行了斜面銑削對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)、凹凸曲面銑削對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)和參數(shù)曲面銑削對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過(guò)對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了本文所設(shè)計(jì)刀具的切削性能。
[Abstract]:With the increasing complexity of aerospace parts and automobile die surfaces, the machining efficiency and the surface quality of workpiece are more and more demanding in NC machining, and the precision design of cutting tools can improve the machining efficiency. It is very important to improve the surface quality of workpiece and reduce the machining cost. The development of computer technology plays an important role in the development of tool technology and reduces the precision of tool design. It is very important to improve the precision of tool design, manufacture and application for high precision machining. At present, it is very important to design the structure of cutting tools. The research of geometric design is relatively few, and the structure and geometry of the tool have a vital influence on the cutting performance. In order to improve the machining efficiency and improve the surface quality of the workpiece, it is suitable for aerospace. This paper designs three kinds of non-circular head milling cutters with different shape and performance, such as ellipsoid milling cutter, rotating paraboloid milling cutter and "8" type milling cutter. Three cutting edge curve models of three kinds of new cutting tools are established, which provide the theoretical basis for the precision manufacturing of new cutting tools. The parametric design platform of new type milling cutters is developed based on MATLAB. The parametric design and tool visual design of the new milling cutter are realized, which can provide a simulation verification platform for the tool design, considering the economy and convenience of the two-axis linkage NC grinding. In this paper, a new NC grinding model of two axis linkage for cutting tools is established, and the profile curve model of grinding wheel is presented. The axial feed speed and radial feed speed of grinding wheel are calculated, and the applicability and accuracy of five-axis linkage NC grinding are considered. The five-axis NC grinding model of the new tool is established, and the position of the grinding wheel center point and the axis direction of the grinding wheel are calculated. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the precision manufacturing of new cutting tools. Aiming at the application demand of three-axis NC end-milling machining on the die surface of automobile, the algorithm of generating tool path for three-axis NC end-milling machining of rotary tools is established. The tool locus locus model of rotary cutter is established. Considering the particularity of ellipsoid milling cutter, rotating paraboloid milling cutter and "8" type milling cutter, the ellipsoid milling cutter is established respectively. In order to verify the tool performance of the ellipsoid end milling cutter, rotary paraboloid milling cutter and "8" type milling cutter have the tool path generation algorithm of three-axis NC end milling cutter and "8" type milling cutter, which are used to verify the tool performance of the rotary paraboloid milling cutter and the "8" type milling cutter in order to verify the tool performance of the ellipsoid end milling cutter. In this paper, the performance of ellipsoid milling cutter, rotary paraboloid milling cutter and "8" type milling cutter are studied experimentally. The contrast experiment of concave and convex surface milling and parametric surface milling is carried out, and the cutting performance of the tool designed in this paper is verified by the contrast experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG714

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