本文關(guān)鍵詞： 弧齒錐齒輪 精鍛成形 齒面修形 出模　出處：《河南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：弧齒錐齒輪因齒面節(jié)線為曲線而得名,具有傳動時(shí)局部瞬時(shí)點(diǎn)接觸、嚙合重合度大、傳動平穩(wěn)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)�；↓X錐齒輪傳統(tǒng)的加工方式為銑齒加工,加工效率低,材料利用率低,而精鍛成形工藝對于發(fā)展高效、綠色、輕量化設(shè)計(jì)具有重要意義,解決了大批量生產(chǎn)過程中的質(zhì)量及成本控制問題。針對弧齒錐齒輪大輪齒面的冷擠壓凈成形工藝,本文的主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1根據(jù)局部共軛原理,齒面接觸仿真與預(yù)控技術(shù),保證齒輪副具有良好的齒面嚙合性能,得到大小輪的齒面點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù),構(gòu)造出齒面片。由基本的幾何參數(shù)得到毛坯模型,通過建模里的求差命令得到大輪模型,以此建立凹模模型。預(yù)鍛模具齒面的合理修形將直接影響冷擠壓鍛件的齒面精度,通過改變銑齒刀盤的直徑,在保證幾何參數(shù)不變的前提下,改變齒長曲率半徑,對齒面進(jìn)行修形,由此可得到一組預(yù)鍛鼓形齒腔的凹模,為有限元模擬成形過程做準(zhǔn)備。2本文擬采取的加工組合為:弧齒錐齒輪大輪的齒面由熱鍛近凈成形-冷擠壓凈成形兩次加工,小輪齒面采用常規(guī)展成法配對銑齒成形工藝。針對弧齒錐齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)的特殊性,對可行性方案進(jìn)行探討,主要針對齒腔金屬的填充性和成形后能否順利出模展開研究�；陂]式模鍛成形原理,對坯料的形狀體積和模具的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。3通過DEFORM-3D軟件對弧齒錐齒輪大輪進(jìn)行熱鍛近凈成形-冷擠壓凈成形的過程模擬分析,設(shè)置模擬環(huán)境,材料屬性及運(yùn)動關(guān)系,在齒面存在回彈變形的條件下,分析出模的可行性及找到干涉點(diǎn)。在保證齒面金屬充滿模具型腔的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對預(yù)鍛齒面的修形,改變金屬流線方向,降低冷擠壓力,提高齒面的光潔度。4通過進(jìn)行實(shí)際熱鍛近凈成形-冷擠壓凈成形試驗(yàn),對成形工藝及模具修形的方案進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,論述了通過對熱鍛模齒腔的修形,改變金屬流向的方法,對于解決弧齒錐齒輪冷擠壓凈成形齒面精度的優(yōu)越性。根據(jù)凹模的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),提出了齒根圓角修形的工藝方案,解決了出模干涉的問題。由試驗(yàn)樣件外觀及精度檢測結(jié)果可以看出,鍛件齒形飽滿,形狀準(zhǔn)確,表面光潔度好,無明顯缺陷。本文圍繞弧齒錐齒輪大輪的齒面冷擠壓凈成形工藝,開展了相關(guān)理論研究和試驗(yàn)研究,本文的研究為弧齒錐齒輪高效、綠色制造的理論和工藝實(shí)踐奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The arc bevel gear is named for the curve of the tooth surface, which has the advantages of local instantaneous point contact, large meshing overlap, stable transmission and so on. The traditional machining method of arc bevel gear is milling, and the machining efficiency is low. The material utilization ratio is low, and the precision forging process is of great significance for the development of high efficiency, green and lightweight design. The problem of quality and cost control in mass production is solved. In view of the cold extrusion net forming process of large tooth surface of arc bevel gear, the main research contents of this paper are as follows: 1 according to the local conjugate principle. The tooth surface contact simulation and pre-control technology ensure that the gear pair has good meshing performance of tooth surface, get the tooth surface point data of the big and small wheel, construct the tooth surface sheet, and get the blank model from the basic geometric parameters. The large wheel model is obtained by the difference command in the modeling, and the concave die model is established. The reasonable modification of the tooth surface of the pre-forging die will directly affect the precision of the tooth surface of the cold extrusion forgings, and the diameter of the cutter head of the milling tooth will be changed. On the premise of keeping the geometric parameters unchanged, the tooth surface can be modified by changing the radius of curvature of the tooth length, and a group of die for pre-forging drum tooth cavity can be obtained. In order to simulate the forming process of finite element, the machining combination proposed in this paper is as follows: the tooth surface of the arc bevel gear is machined twice by hot forging near net forming and cold extrusion net forming. The common generating method is used to form the gear surface of the small wheel. The feasibility scheme is discussed according to the particularity of the structure of the spiral bevel gear. Based on the theory of closed die forging, this paper mainly focuses on the filling property of metal in tooth cavity and whether the die can be produced smoothly after forming. The shape and volume of the blank and the structure of the die were optimized. 3. The simulation analysis of the process of hot forging near net forming and cold extrusion net forming of arc bevel gear was carried out by DEFORM-3D software. The simulation environment, material properties and motion relations are set up. The feasibility of the die is analyzed and the interference point is found under the condition that the tooth surface has springback deformation. On the basis of ensuring that the tooth surface metal is filled with the die cavity. By modifying the preforged tooth surface, changing the direction of the metal streamline, reducing the cold extrusion pressure and improving the finish of the tooth surface, through the actual hot forging near net formation-cold extrusion net forming test. The forming process and the plan of die modification are verified, and the method of changing metal flow direction by modifying the tooth cavity of hot forging die is discussed. According to the structure characteristics of the concave die, the technological scheme of tooth root fillet modification is put forward for solving the superiority of tooth surface precision of cold extrusion of arc bevel gear. From the test results of the appearance and precision of the sample, it can be seen that the forging tooth shape is full, the shape is accurate, and the surface finish is good. There is no obvious defect. This paper focuses on the tooth surface cold extrusion net forming technology of arc bevel gear, and carries out related theoretical and experimental research. The research in this paper is high efficiency of arc bevel gear. The theory and process practice of green manufacturing have laid the foundation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG61

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