本文關鍵詞： 接觸球軸承 壓電陶瓷 柔性機構 主軸預緊機構 自調節(jié)　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：機床制造水平直接影響到我國制造業(yè)的整體水準,因此在當今趨勢下對于高轉速、高精度機床的需求也就愈發(fā)的迫切。主軸作為機床的核心部件,其性能好壞直接關系到機床能否進行有效的工作。主軸的預緊技術是主軸研究領域的重要方向之一,主軸的預緊力能隨著主軸工作情況的改變而實時調整以保持一個最佳的工作狀態(tài),是其研究領域的一個關鍵目標。因此確定主軸的最佳預緊力并通過自適應調節(jié)系統(tǒng)使其保持這種狀態(tài),是高速高精度機床在全工況范圍內動力學特性保持最優(yōu)的前提。本文圍繞高速角接觸球軸承的最佳預緊力的選取以及所建立的預緊機構性能展開了深入的研究與分析,其主要內容包括:(1)基于高速角接觸球軸承的靜力學、動力學等分析要領,采用牛頓迭代法并利用MATLAB軟件分析了高速角接觸球軸承的接觸角、接觸應力、慣性力矩等的變化規(guī)律。以赫茲接觸理論為基礎,利用ANSYS仿真軟件分析滾動體與滾道接觸特性。(2)根據(jù)高速角接觸球軸承運動—力—熱產(chǎn)生之間的關系,仿真建立了軸承溫度分布三維云圖,得到主軸轉速、預緊力以及滾動體溫度的擬合曲線圖。在分析主軸預緊力、軸向位移以及軸承溫升間的內在聯(lián)系的基礎上,得到了合適的主軸最佳預緊力曲線圖以及相對應的軸向位移曲線圖。(3)以最佳預緊力原則,提出了一種新型主軸預緊自調節(jié)機構,該機構以疊層壓電陶瓷驅動器作為驅動源,柔性機構作為傳遞機構。分別以力和位移為參量,將壓電陶瓷的輸出與柔性鉸鏈的輸出進行串聯(lián),最后得到了復合性輸出,來適應軸承溫度的變化所產(chǎn)生的預緊變化。通過與定壓預緊比較,得到了較好的效果,比較了使用可調預緊機構與定壓預緊下的軸承溫度的變化對比曲線圖。
[Abstract]:Machine tool manufacturing level directly affects the overall level of the manufacturing industry in China, so the demand for high speed and high precision machine tools becomes more and more urgent under the current trend. The spindle is the core component of machine tools. Its performance is directly related to whether the machine tool can carry on the effective work. The preload technology of the spindle is one of the important directions in the research field of the spindle. The pretightening force of the spindle can be adjusted in real time with the change of the working condition of the spindle to maintain an optimal working condition. It is a key goal in its research field. Therefore, the optimal preload of the spindle is determined and the adaptive adjustment system is used to keep it in this state. It is the premise that the dynamic characteristics of high speed and high precision machine tools remain optimal in the whole operating condition. This paper focuses on the selection of the optimum preloading force of the high speed angular contact ball bearings and the performance of the established preload mechanism. Analysis. The main contents include: 1) based on the statics and dynamics of high speed angular contact ball bearing, the contact angle of high speed angular contact ball bearing is analyzed by Newton iteration method and MATLAB software. The variation of contact stress, inertia moment, etc. Based on Hertz contact theory. According to the relationship between motion, force and heat of high speed angular contact ball bearing, the three-dimensional cloud diagram of bearing temperature distribution is established by using ANSYS simulation software to analyze the contact characteristics of rolling body and raceway. The fitting curves of spindle rotation speed, preload force and rolling body temperature are obtained. Based on the analysis of the inherent relationship between spindle preload force, axial displacement and bearing temperature rise. According to the principle of optimum preload force, a new type of spindle preload self-regulating mechanism is proposed. The mechanism takes the laminated piezoelectric actuator as the driving source and the flexible mechanism as the transmission mechanism. The output of the piezoelectric ceramic and the output of the flexure hinge are connected in series with the force and displacement as the parameters respectively. Finally, the compound output is obtained to adapt to the change of bearing temperature. Compared with the constant pressure preload, a better effect is obtained. The curves of the temperature change of bearing with adjustable preload mechanism and constant pressure preload are compared.
【學位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG502.3

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