本文關(guān)鍵詞：超聲噴霧電火花加工方法及其工藝研究　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 超聲噴霧 電火花加工 超聲空化 材料去除率 電極損耗率

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代工業(yè)加工中,產(chǎn)品尺寸越來(lái)越小,要求精度越來(lái)越高,促使現(xiàn)代加工方式向精細(xì),穩(wěn)定,環(huán)保的方向不斷發(fā)展。本文對(duì)傳統(tǒng)電火花加工做出改進(jìn),提出了一種以超聲噴霧輔助加工的新型加工方式。該方式改善了其它噴霧加工中霧化顆粒不均勻,霧化效果不完全的缺點(diǎn),同時(shí)由超聲霧化的霧滴直接作用于加工區(qū)域不僅可以沖刷加工區(qū)域幫助排出加工碎屑,而且在霧化過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的超聲空化效應(yīng)還有助于提高加工質(zhì)量與效率。本文在總結(jié)國(guó)內(nèi)外電火花加工發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的前提下,結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)電火加工原理,對(duì)超聲噴霧加工過(guò)程中放電各過(guò)程進(jìn)行了分析。設(shè)計(jì)了一套由超聲電源與換能器組成的超聲噴霧裝置,超聲電源以DSP2812為控制核心,主要包含BUCK電路、全橋變換、電火花放電間隙電壓檢測(cè)、超聲換能器電壓電流檢測(cè)等模塊。超聲換能器采用一維振動(dòng)理論設(shè)計(jì),結(jié)合有限元軟件進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證與改進(jìn)。完成了從方案設(shè)計(jì)、硬件電路實(shí)驗(yàn)、到軟件功能調(diào)試的過(guò)程。在加工裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)超聲噴霧電火花加工進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。設(shè)置了兩類加工實(shí)驗(yàn),第一類為超聲噴霧加工與傳統(tǒng)浸泡(沖液)加工和空氣中加工的對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)比分析了三者在材料去除率(MRR),相對(duì)電極損耗率(EWR),加工穩(wěn)定性等方面的區(qū)別。第二類為超聲噴霧加工參數(shù)對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了包括噴霧流量、加工過(guò)程中換能器驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓大小、驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓頻率等參數(shù)對(duì)于加工結(jié)果的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,超聲噴霧加工相比于沖液加工,有著更低的電極損耗率和相似的材料去除率,且材料去除率遠(yuǎn)高于空氣中加工。噴霧加工結(jié)果隨流量變化改變明顯。在一定范圍內(nèi),材料去除率隨著流量的增大而增大,當(dāng)超出該范圍后,材料去除率上升不明顯,而電極損耗率顯著增加。超聲電壓與頻率對(duì)于噴霧加工結(jié)果的影響是多重的,一般規(guī)律是,低頻率與高電壓對(duì)于加工材料去除率有提升,而高頻率與低電壓則有助于降低電極損耗率。同時(shí)本文進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行了孔加工的探索性實(shí)驗(yàn),并在實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)了超聲噴霧加工的規(guī)律與適用范圍,對(duì)于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)加工具有理論指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:In modern industrial processing, the product size is becoming smaller and smaller, and the precision is getting higher and higher, which promotes the development of the modern machining mode in the direction of fine, stable and environmental protection. This paper improves the traditional EDM. A new type of machining method assisted by ultrasonic spray is proposed, which can improve the inhomogeneity of atomization particles and the incomplete atomization effect in other spray processes. At the same time, the ultrasonic atomized droplets acting directly on the processing area can not only wash the processing area to help remove the processing debris. And the ultrasonic cavitation effect in the atomization process also helps to improve the quality and efficiency of machining. This paper summarizes the current situation and development trend of EDM at home and abroad combined with the traditional principle of EDM. The discharge process in ultrasonic spray machining is analyzed. A set of ultrasonic spray device composed of ultrasonic power supply and transducer is designed. The control core of ultrasonic power supply is DSP2812. The main modules include BUCK circuit, full-bridge conversion, voltage detection of electric spark discharge gap, voltage and current detection of ultrasonic transducer, etc. The ultrasonic transducer is designed by one-dimensional vibration theory. Combined with finite element software to verify and improve. Completed from the program design, hardware circuit experiments, to the software function debugging process. On the basis of the implementation of the processing device. Two kinds of processing experiments were set up. The first one was the contrast experiment between ultrasonic spray machining and traditional immersion machining and air processing. The differences of the three methods in material removal rate (MRR), relative electrode loss rate (RPE) and machining stability are analyzed. The second category is the contrast experiment of ultrasonic spray machining parameters. The effects of the parameters such as spray flow rate, transducer driving voltage and driving voltage frequency on the machining results are studied. The experimental results show that ultrasonic spray machining is better than that of liquid injection machining. It has lower electrode loss rate and similar material removal rate, and the material removal rate is much higher than that in air processing. The spray processing results change obviously with the flow rate, and within a certain range. The material removal rate increases with the increase of flow rate. When the material removal rate exceeds this range, the material removal rate does not increase significantly, while the electrode loss rate increases significantly. The influence of ultrasonic voltage and frequency on the results of spray processing is multiple. The general rule is that low frequency and high voltage can improve the material removal rate, while high frequency and low voltage can help to reduce the electrode loss rate. At the same time, the exploratory experiment of hole machining is carried out in this paper. On the basis of experiments, the rule and applicable range of ultrasonic spray machining are summarized, which can be used as a theoretical guide for practical production and processing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG661

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本文編號(hào)：1357089