當(dāng)今世界各地的水環(huán)境污染問題形勢嚴(yán)峻,因此,對雅溫得市半集中式污水處理廠的修復(fù)和新污水處理廠的建設(shè)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。然而,雅溫得市污水處理廠的處理技術(shù)不夠成熟且難以掌控,往往對周邊環(huán)境造成污染甚至破壞。本文經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),主要涉及管理污泥和圍欄篩選工作的員工,每人每年的個人風(fēng)險超額量(EIR)值均超過1.10-6,從而證明了污水處理廠慢性毒性的風(fēng)險以及員工患癌的可能性。為了未來所有污水處理廠綜合風(fēng)險管理計劃的落實(shí),本研究將當(dāng)?shù)氐木用窈臀鬯幚韽S(WWTP)員工均考慮在內(nèi)。經(jīng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),超過70%的受訪者不了解污水處理廠的作用,超過48%的人口對廁所廢物管理不善。此外,運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)故障分析方法(MASM)、科學(xué)分析方法和風(fēng)險評估等方法,表明主要污染來源于污泥,人群為主要污染目標(biāo),并且在污水處理廠入口和出口處進(jìn)行的物理化學(xué)分析證實(shí)了周邊人口的高風(fēng)險。由于將廢水收集到凈水設(shè)備的過程存在一些障礙,因此,對污水處理廠出口水樣處理后進(jìn)行分析,可以取得較好的結(jié)果。證實(shí)了出水口前后以及與出水口相連的河道水質(zhì)污染情況。由于人們抱怨由水質(zhì)污染導(dǎo)致疾病的發(fā)生,還應(yīng)注意到這種污染會影響地下水和周圍的水井水質(zhì)。在各類污水處理廠的...

【文章頁數(shù)】：102 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 General issue
    1.2 Objectives
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 Definitions of concepts
    2.2 Generality on wastewater
        2.2.1 Origin and characteristics of wastewater
        2.2.2 Sources of pollution
        2.2.3 Impact of wastewater on the environment
        2.2.4 Impact of wastewater on human health
    2.3 General information on purification stations
        2.3.1 Operating principle of wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)
        2.3.2 Sludge treatment
        2.3.3 Micro-pollutants present in the sludge of a wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)
    2.4 Generalities on environmental risks
        2.4.1 Overview
        2.4.2 Definition and classification of risks
        2.4.3 Risk factors
        2.4.4 The fundamental principles to control the risk
    2.5 The purification stations in Cameroon
        2.5.1 State of purification stations in Yaoundé
        2.5.2 Normative framework of wastewater discharge
Chapter 3 Methodology of Study and State of Place
    3.1 Study methodology and material used
    3.2 Home structure
    3.3 Material resources used
    3.4 Presentation of the grand messa wastewater treatment plant
    3.5 Presentation of the wastewater treatment plant of the cite-verte
        3.5.1 Cite verte wastewater collection and transportation network
        3.5.2 Description of the wastewater treatment process
    3.6 Advantages and limits of the two sanitation models of the camps sic cite verte and messa
    3.7 Diagnosis of equipment upstream of wastewater treatment plants
        3.7.1 Inventory of equipment upstream of the MESSA wastewater treatment plant
        3.7.2 Structural dysfunction
        3.7.3 Functional dysfunction
        3.7.4 Inventory of equipment upstream of the CITE VERTE wastewater treatment plant
    3.8 Element allowing to characterize the quality of water resulting from the treatment of the treatment plant
Chapter 4 Analysis of results and discussions
    4.1 Quality of water discharged into the receiving environment
    4.2 Performance of the messa purification station
    4.3 Performance of the purification station of the cite-verte
    4.4 Evaluation of pollution parameters
        4.4.1 Temperature
        4.4.2 Hydrogen potential
        4.4.3 Suspended material
        4.4.4 Biological oxygen demand(BOD5)and chemical oxygen demand
        4.4.5 TKN Nitrogen
        4.4.6 The conductivity of water
    4.5 The classification of water
        4.5.1 Water purified by the Messa wastewater treatment plant
        4.5.2 Water purified by the CITE- VERTE wastewater treatment plant
    4.6 Summary of results and suggestion
    4.7 Risk assessment
        4.7.1 Qualitative analysis:risks present in the WWTP
        4.7.2 Pareto Diagram
        4.7.3 Quantitative analysis:risks present in WWTP
        4.7.4 Difficulties encountered
        4.7.5 Risk classification
        4.7.6 Environmental and social management plan summary
Chapter 5 Conclusion
References
Annex



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