反應(yīng)堆一旦發(fā)生小破口失水事故,大量的放射性氣溶膠將會(huì)很快釋放到安全殼內(nèi),這可能導(dǎo)致安全殼內(nèi)的壓力升高。為了在不污染大氣和人類的同時(shí)降低壓力,放射性粒子不能直接釋放,所以,實(shí)現(xiàn)顆粒污染物排放前的過濾是十分必要的。因此,有必要使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^濾裝置,來避免放射性氣溶膠擴(kuò)散到大氣中。過濾器是一種非常重要的顆粒收集裝置,在不同的工業(yè)過程中都有應(yīng)用,特別是核電站放射性氣溶膠的收集。本研究建立了具有不同結(jié)構(gòu)的微流體慣性過濾器的三維幾何模型,探討了過濾器內(nèi)部的粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)和沉積。利用ICEM CFD的商業(yè)軟件建立了過濾器模型,并對(duì)網(wǎng)格進(jìn)行了精確劃分。我們假設(shè)放射性氣溶膠顆粒在入口噴嘴處均勻釋放,并且所有假設(shè)和邊界條件都設(shè)定為與核電廠條件一致。本文的第一次流動(dòng)計(jì)算是在沒有顆粒的情況下進(jìn)行的,第二次流動(dòng)模擬是在入口噴嘴中有顆粒的情況下進(jìn)行的。通過數(shù)值模擬,研究了慣性過濾器對(duì)放射性氣溶膠的收集效率和壓力特性。此外,我們還對(duì)氣溶膠顆粒的流體性質(zhì)和參數(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵因素（如氣流速度、氣溶膠顆粒直徑和入口直徑）的變化對(duì)收集效率有重要影響。該模型用于研究影響收集效率的因素。經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在管道長(zhǎng)度不變的情況下,隨著入... 

【文章來源】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)北京市211工程院校教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：48 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
    1.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOL COLLECTION
    1.2 BACKGROUND
        1.2.1 Particle Control Technology
        1.2.2 Aerosol Filters for Nuclear Power Plant
    1.3 LITERTURE REVIEW
        1.3.1 Brief History & Review of Inertial Impaction
        1.3.2 Research Status
    1.4 STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES
    1.5 THESIS OUTLINE
CHAPTER 2. THEORY ANALYSIS OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOL COLLECTION
    2.1 PARTICLE COLLECTION BY FILTERS
    2.2 INERTIAL IMPACTION THEORY
        2.2.1 Conventional Inertial Impactor
        2.2.2 Virtual Inertial Impactor
        2.2.3 Centrifugal Impaction
    2.3 MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION OF CONTINUOUS PHASE
    2.4 MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION OF DISCRETE PHASE
    2.5 PRESSURE DROP
        2.5.1 Filter Loading Behavior
    2.6 COLLECTION EFFICENCY
    2.7 QUALITY FACTOR EQUATION
CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTIONOF CFD SIMULATION
    3.1 MODEL DESCRIPTION
    3.2 FLUENT MESH
    3.3 FLUENT SEUP
    3.4 FLOW FIELD
    3.5 PARTICLE DEPOSITION
CHAPTER 4. RESULTS & DISCUSSION
    4.1 FLOW FIELD AND PARTICLE DEPOSITION
    4.2 FACTORS AFFECTING COLLECTION EFFICIENCY
        4.2.1 Effect of Inlet Diameter of Round Nozzle
        4.2.2 Effect of Inlet Velocity
        4.2.3 Effect of Pipe Length
        4.2.4 Effect of Turning Angle
    4.3 PRESSURE DROP PROFILE
    4.4 FILTER LOADING BEHAVIOR
    4.5 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN √STK AND COLLECTION EFFICIENCY
CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION &FUTURE WORK
    5.1 CONCLUSION
    5.2 FUTURE WORK
REFERNCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS



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