遼河流域著生藻類群落結(jié)構(gòu)及水生態(tài)健康評價
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-08 19:16
【摘要】：河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是主要的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之一,是生物圈物質(zhì)循環(huán)和能量流動的主要通道,是人類發(fā)展的重要自然資源。河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況評價,是維持河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)完整、建立科學(xué)合理的河流管理方案的基礎(chǔ)。遼河流域是我國的七大流域之一,是水域生態(tài)學(xué)研究的熱點水體,在為期三年的時間內(nèi)(分別為2012年9月、2013年9月和2014年9月),對遼河流域5條河段(東遼河、西遼河、遼河干流和支流、渾河和太子河)300個采樣點的著生藻類群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征和水環(huán)境理化因子進(jìn)行調(diào)查,分析每個采樣點著生藻類群落結(jié)構(gòu)特征和水環(huán)境理化特征,并且以著生藻類為實驗對象,利用生物完整性指數(shù)(periphytic index of biological integrity,P-IBI)和生態(tài)完整性指數(shù)(periphytic index of ecologica integrity,P-IEI)對遼河流域水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況進(jìn)行評價,對比分析P-IBI和P-IEI這兩種評價體系的適用性。主要結(jié)果顯示:遼河流域著生藻類物種組成和群落結(jié)構(gòu),東遼河共鑒定出3門95種,物種數(shù)目、物種密度、香農(nóng)威納指數(shù)指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)平均值分別為10種、1.86×104ind/cm2、2.43和0.78;西遼河4門179種,物種數(shù)目、物種密度、香農(nóng)威納指數(shù)指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)平均值分別為18種、2.01×104 ind/cm2、2.89和0.78;遼河干流和支流5門180種,物種數(shù)目、物種密度、香農(nóng)威納指數(shù)指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)平均值分別為21種、0.21×104ind/cm2、3.56和0.88;渾河3門214種,物種數(shù)目、物種密度、香農(nóng)威納指數(shù)指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)平均值分別為21種、2.70×104ind/cm2、3.27和0.78;太子河3門173種,物種數(shù)目、物種密度、香農(nóng)威納指數(shù)指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù)平均值分別為16種、5.13×104 ind/cm2、3.03和0.79;各河段均以硅藻門種類最多,其次是綠藻門,第三為藍(lán)藻門,各河段間以及5條河段間著生藻類群落結(jié)構(gòu)空間異質(zhì)性明顯。每條河段結(jié)合采樣點特征和藻類數(shù)據(jù),選擇無干擾位點或干擾極小位點作為參照位點,東遼河參照位點為E6、E15和E17,西遼河為W23、W25和W35,遼河干流和支流為L9、L56、L60和L65,渾河為H3、H11、H12、H36和H54,太子河為T13、T37、T62和T63。選擇27個藻類指標(biāo),5個水環(huán)境物理指標(biāo)和8個化學(xué)指標(biāo),根據(jù)P-IBI評價體系和P-IEI評價體系對每條河段進(jìn)行健康評價。P-IBI顯示,東遼河水生態(tài)健康狀況“較好”,西遼河水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“一般”,遼河干流和支流水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“較好”,渾河水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“一般”,太子河水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“較好”。P-IEI顯示,東遼河水生態(tài)健康狀況“較好”,西遼河水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“較好”,遼河干流和支流水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“一般”,渾河水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“較好”,太子河水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況“較好”。P-IBI評價體系和P-IEI評價體系相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果顯示,東遼河、西遼河、遼河干流和支流以及渾河顯著正相關(guān),太子河相關(guān)性不顯著,因此,運用P-IEI方法評價水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康狀況,從理論上更加準(zhǔn)確地評價了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的完整性,具有可行性。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：遼河流域地理位置
[Abstract]:The river ecosystem is one of the main natural ecosystems, which is the main channel of the circulation and energy flow of the biosphere, and is an important natural resource for human development. The evaluation of the health status of the river ecosystem is the basis for maintaining the integrity of the river ecosystem and establishing a scientific and reasonable river management plan. The Liaohe river basin is one of the seven basins in China. It is the hot spot water body of the water area ecology study. In the three-year period (September 2012, September 2013 and September 2014, respectively),5 reaches of the Liaohe river basin (Liaohe, Liaohe and Liaohe main streams and tributaries, The structure and physical and chemical characteristics of the green algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were investigated in the 300 sampling points of the Hunhe River and the Taizi River, and the characteristics of the algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were analyzed. The health status of the water ecosystem in the Liaohe basin was evaluated by using the index of biological integrity (P-IBI) and the index of eco-integrity (P-IEI), and the applicability of the two evaluation systems of P-IBI and P-IEI was compared. The main results showed that there were 95 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index average of 10 species, 1.86,104 ind/ cm2, 2.43 and 0.78, respectively, and 179 species, number of species, The average of the species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 18 species, 2.01,104 ind/ cm2, 2.89 and 0.78, respectively. The average values of 180 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index of the main and tributaries of Liaohe river and tributaries were 21, 0.21,104 ind/ cm2, 3.56 and 0.88, respectively. The average of 214 species, species number, species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 21, 2.70,104 ind/ cm2, 3.27 and 0.78, respectively. The average value of Shannon's index and evenness index is 16 species, 5.13,104 ind/ cm2, 3.03 and 0.79 respectively; each reach is the most species, followed by the green algae gate, and the third is the blue-green algae gate, and the structural spatial heterogeneity of the green algae community is obvious between each reach and the five reaches. The sampling point and the algae data are combined with each section to select the non-interference site or the interference minimal site as the reference site. The reference site of the East Liaohe River is E6, E15 and E17, and the Liaohe River is W23, W25 and W35. The main stream and the tributaries of the Liaohe River are L9, L56, L60 and L65, and the Hunhe River is H3, H11, H12, H36 and H54, Radix Pseudostellariae is T13, T37, T62 and T63. Twenty-seven algae indicators,5 physical indexes of water environment and 8 chemical indexes were selected, and each section was evaluated according to the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system. P-IBI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "in general" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health of the Prince River water ecosystem. P-IEI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "better" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health status of the Prince River water ecosystem. The results of the correlation between the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system show that there is a significant positive correlation between the main and the tributaries of the Liaohe, the west, the Liaohe and the tributaries and the Hunhe River, and the correlation between the pseudostellariae is not significant. Therefore, the P-II method is used to evaluate the health status of the water ecosystem. It is feasible to evaluate the integrity of the ecosystem more accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X824;Q949.2
本文編號：2511813
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：遼河流域地理位置
[Abstract]:The river ecosystem is one of the main natural ecosystems, which is the main channel of the circulation and energy flow of the biosphere, and is an important natural resource for human development. The evaluation of the health status of the river ecosystem is the basis for maintaining the integrity of the river ecosystem and establishing a scientific and reasonable river management plan. The Liaohe river basin is one of the seven basins in China. It is the hot spot water body of the water area ecology study. In the three-year period (September 2012, September 2013 and September 2014, respectively),5 reaches of the Liaohe river basin (Liaohe, Liaohe and Liaohe main streams and tributaries, The structure and physical and chemical characteristics of the green algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were investigated in the 300 sampling points of the Hunhe River and the Taizi River, and the characteristics of the algae community and the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment were analyzed. The health status of the water ecosystem in the Liaohe basin was evaluated by using the index of biological integrity (P-IBI) and the index of eco-integrity (P-IEI), and the applicability of the two evaluation systems of P-IBI and P-IEI was compared. The main results showed that there were 95 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index average of 10 species, 1.86,104 ind/ cm2, 2.43 and 0.78, respectively, and 179 species, number of species, The average of the species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 18 species, 2.01,104 ind/ cm2, 2.89 and 0.78, respectively. The average values of 180 species, species number, species density, Shannon-Weiner index and evenness index of the main and tributaries of Liaohe river and tributaries were 21, 0.21,104 ind/ cm2, 3.56 and 0.88, respectively. The average of 214 species, species number, species density, Shannon's index and evenness index were 21, 2.70,104 ind/ cm2, 3.27 and 0.78, respectively. The average value of Shannon's index and evenness index is 16 species, 5.13,104 ind/ cm2, 3.03 and 0.79 respectively; each reach is the most species, followed by the green algae gate, and the third is the blue-green algae gate, and the structural spatial heterogeneity of the green algae community is obvious between each reach and the five reaches. The sampling point and the algae data are combined with each section to select the non-interference site or the interference minimal site as the reference site. The reference site of the East Liaohe River is E6, E15 and E17, and the Liaohe River is W23, W25 and W35. The main stream and the tributaries of the Liaohe River are L9, L56, L60 and L65, and the Hunhe River is H3, H11, H12, H36 and H54, Radix Pseudostellariae is T13, T37, T62 and T63. Twenty-seven algae indicators,5 physical indexes of water environment and 8 chemical indexes were selected, and each section was evaluated according to the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system. P-IBI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "in general" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health of the Prince River water ecosystem. P-IEI shows the "better" of the ecological health status of the Dongliao River, the "better" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe River, the "in general" of the health of the water ecosystem of the Liaohe river and the tributaries, the "better" of the health of the muddy water ecosystem, and the "better" of the health status of the Prince River water ecosystem. The results of the correlation between the P-IBI evaluation system and the P-IEI evaluation system show that there is a significant positive correlation between the main and the tributaries of the Liaohe, the west, the Liaohe and the tributaries and the Hunhe River, and the correlation between the pseudostellariae is not significant. Therefore, the P-II method is used to evaluate the health status of the water ecosystem. It is feasible to evaluate the integrity of the ecosystem more accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X824;Q949.2
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