輸水隧洞工程對燕子洞風(fēng)景區(qū)地下水環(huán)境影響研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-18 21:51
【摘要】：滇中引水工程是為解決滇中地區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)生活及工業(yè)用水短缺而規(guī)劃的特大型調(diào)水工程。輸水線路引水自金沙江,途經(jīng)麗江、大理、楚雄、昆明、玉溪及紅河等35個縣(市、區(qū)),其中線路后段擬建大坡子隧洞位于紅河州建水縣,臨近燕子洞地下巖溶國家級風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)、國家AAAA級旅游區(qū),隧洞工程可能造成周圍地下水環(huán)境的改變,引起水位下降、重要地下水敏感點疏干、施工排水污染等問題,對燕子洞風(fēng)景區(qū)地下水環(huán)境(水量和水質(zhì))造成影響。因此通過對隧址區(qū)及景觀環(huán)境敏感點進行研究以預(yù)測、評價隧洞施工期及運營期造成的地下水環(huán)境影響,提出合理的保護措施,指導(dǎo)工程實踐,為施工決策和地下水資源保護提供科學(xué)依據(jù),同時為此類環(huán)境敏感點地下水環(huán)境影響研究的技術(shù)及方法提供借鑒和參考具有重要意義。本文在資料收集整理及現(xiàn)場調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,闡明了研究區(qū)水文地質(zhì)條件,定性分析隧洞工程對燕子洞地下水環(huán)境造成的影響,并采用水均衡法量化分析隧洞施工對燕子洞的水量減少量,基于Visual Modflow三維數(shù)值模擬法預(yù)測地下水滲流場的影響并結(jié)合解析法評價不同施工方案下以涌水為載體的施工污水排放造成的景區(qū)水質(zhì)污染,最終根據(jù)結(jié)果提出合理的防治排水污染施工建議以及隧洞施工完成運營期的地下水資源保護措施。具體研究內(nèi)容及主要成果如下:(1)大坡子隧洞穿越兩個巖溶水文地質(zhì)單元,地形及地質(zhì)構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,巖溶發(fā)育強烈,總體可溶巖地層占全段比例達66%。燕子洞地下巖溶風(fēng)景區(qū)位于三疊系個舊組(T2g)灰?guī)r片狀出露區(qū),瀘江在巖溶區(qū)切割較深,于大田山燕子洞潛入地下形成伏流溶洞,其伏流補給水源除了瀘江徑流外,一部分為瀘江以北巖溶地下水的側(cè)向徑流補給,另一部分來自瀘江以南地表泉點隨支溝匯流補給。(2)大坡子隧洞Ⅰ段縱向穿越的畔山-大田山水文地質(zhì)單元緊靠燕子洞伏流南側(cè),隧洞施工中長期疏干往北徑流的地下水,襲奪原本由地表順支溝排入瀘江的泉點,導(dǎo)致區(qū)域地下水位下降,地表水和井、泉干枯,減小燕子洞伏流的補給量,同時施工過程中產(chǎn)生的機械油污、棄渣等污染源隨涌水由隧洞進出口以及支洞進行排放,經(jīng)地表水流入燕子洞風(fēng)景區(qū),將造成景區(qū)的水質(zhì)污染。(3)采用水均衡法量化分析得到隧洞施工對燕子洞水量減小的影響,同時施工污水將隨涌水由地表支溝進入燕子洞造成水質(zhì)污染,于是通過解析法和數(shù)值模擬方法對隧洞Ⅰ段涌水量進行計算,根據(jù)隧洞入口及1#支洞、2#支洞的布置情況,按照可能存在的五種施工開挖組合方式,分別預(yù)測排入燕子洞景區(qū)涌水污染源大小,討論了各方案的優(yōu)劣性,提出合理的方案以及污水處理措施,為施工提供了科學(xué)的依據(jù),指導(dǎo)工程實踐。(4)隧洞施工完成進入運營期后,地下水滲流場逐漸恢復(fù)施工前狀態(tài),各泉點也將持續(xù)對燕子洞伏流進行補給。隧洞在建成進行輸水運營過程中,某些污染性物質(zhì)可能沿裂隙滲入到巖溶地下水對水質(zhì)造成影響,同時施工過程中未經(jīng)處理或處理不當(dāng)?shù)奈廴緩U水流入景區(qū)也需要長時間的監(jiān)測、處理以恢復(fù)到工程建設(shè)前的狀態(tài),因此隧洞輸水運營期同樣要切實保護重要地下水資源,保證景區(qū)景觀旅游觀賞價值,實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The water diversion project in Yunnan is an extra-large water diversion project which is planned to solve the shortage of urban and industrial water in the central part of Yunnan. The water conveyance line is diverted from the Jinsha River, and passes through 35 counties (cities and districts) such as Lijiang, Dali, Chuxiong, Kunming, Yuxi and Red River. The proposed large-slope sub-tunnel in the rear section of the line is located in Jianhua, Honghe State, near the underground karst state-level scenic spot of the Swallow Cave, and the national AAAA-level tourist area. The tunnel project may cause the change of the surrounding groundwater environment, cause the water level to fall, the loose and dry of the important groundwater sensitive points, the construction and drainage pollution, etc., and have an effect on the groundwater environment (water volume and water quality) in the Swallow Cave scenic area. Therefore, through the study on the sensitive points of the tunnel site area and the landscape environment to forecast and evaluate the environmental impact of the underground water caused by the tunnel construction period and the operation period, the reasonable protection measures are put forward to guide the engineering practice, and provide the scientific basis for the construction decision-making and the protection of the groundwater resources. At the same time, it is of great significance to provide reference and reference for the technology and method of the study on the environmental impact of the groundwater in the sensitive point of the environment. Based on the data collection and the field investigation, this paper expounds the hydrogeologic condition of the study area, analyzes the influence of the tunnel project on the groundwater environment of the swallow hole, and uses the water balance method to quantize and analyze the water volume decrease of the tunnel construction to the swallow hole. The effect of the three-dimensional numerical simulation method on the seepage field of the ground water is predicted based on the Visual Modflow three-dimensional numerical simulation method, and the water quality pollution of the scenic area caused by the construction sewage discharge under different construction schemes under different construction schemes is evaluated by combining the analytical method, Finally, the reasonable prevention and control of the drainage pollution construction proposal and the protection measures of the ground water resources during the construction of the tunnel are put forward based on the results. The concrete research contents and main results are as follows: (1) The large-slope sub-tunnel passes through the two karst hydrogeologic units, the terrain and the geological structure are complex, the karst development is strong, and the total rock-soluble formation accounts for 66% of the total section proportion. The underground karst scenic area of the Swallow Cave is located in the plate-shaped exposed area of the Triassic old group (T2g) limestone, and the Lujiang River is cut deeper in the karst area. In the field, the swallow hole in the field is penetrated into the underground to form the volt-flow karst cave, and the V-flow make-up water source is in addition to the runoff of the Lujiang River. One part is the lateral runoff recharge of the karst groundwater in the north of the Lujiang River, and the other part comes from the surface spring point of the south of the Lujiang River to make up with the branch ditch. (2) The river-field mountain-field mountain hydrogeologic unit of the longitudinal direction crossing of the section I of the large-slope sub-tunnel is in close contact with the south side of the V-V of the swallow hole, and the underground water for the long-and medium-term and long-term and long-term drainage of the tunnel to the north-run runoff is taken, and then the water in the area is taken to fall, and the surface water and the well are caused to fall in the regional water table. The spring is dry and dry, so that the supply quantity of the flow of the swallows hole is reduced, and the pollution sources such as mechanical oil and waste slag generated during the construction process are discharged from the inlet and outlet of the tunnel and the supporting hole along with the water, and the surface water flows into the scenic area of the swallow hole, thus causing the water quality of the scenic spot to be polluted. (3) The effect of the tunnel construction on the reduction of the water volume of the swallow hole is obtained through the quantitative analysis of the water balance method, meanwhile, the construction sewage will be polluted by the water quality caused by the water inflow from the surface branch to the swallow hole, so that the water inflow of the first section of the tunnel is calculated through the analytical method and the numerical simulation method, according to the arrangement of the tunnel entrance and the 1 # supporting hole and the 2 # branch hole, the size of the water pollution source discharged into the scenic area of the swallow hole is predicted respectively according to the possible five construction excavation combination modes, the advantages and disadvantages of the schemes are discussed, the reasonable scheme and the sewage treatment measures are proposed, It provides scientific basis for the construction, and guides the engineering practice. (4) After the tunnel construction is completed, the ground water seepage field is gradually restored to the pre-construction state after the completion of the operation period, and the water flow of the swallow hole will continue to be supplied continuously at each spring point. in that course of completion of the water delivery and operation of the tunnel, some of the polluting substances may penetrate into the karst groundwater along the fracture to affect the water quality, and meanwhile, the pollution waste water which is not treated or mishandled in the construction process can be monitored for a long time, In order to restore to the state before the project construction, it is necessary to protect the important groundwater resources in the same way as the tunnel water delivery and operation period, so as to ensure the ornamental value of the landscape of the scenic area and realize the sustainable development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X523;X824
[Abstract]:The water diversion project in Yunnan is an extra-large water diversion project which is planned to solve the shortage of urban and industrial water in the central part of Yunnan. The water conveyance line is diverted from the Jinsha River, and passes through 35 counties (cities and districts) such as Lijiang, Dali, Chuxiong, Kunming, Yuxi and Red River. The proposed large-slope sub-tunnel in the rear section of the line is located in Jianhua, Honghe State, near the underground karst state-level scenic spot of the Swallow Cave, and the national AAAA-level tourist area. The tunnel project may cause the change of the surrounding groundwater environment, cause the water level to fall, the loose and dry of the important groundwater sensitive points, the construction and drainage pollution, etc., and have an effect on the groundwater environment (water volume and water quality) in the Swallow Cave scenic area. Therefore, through the study on the sensitive points of the tunnel site area and the landscape environment to forecast and evaluate the environmental impact of the underground water caused by the tunnel construction period and the operation period, the reasonable protection measures are put forward to guide the engineering practice, and provide the scientific basis for the construction decision-making and the protection of the groundwater resources. At the same time, it is of great significance to provide reference and reference for the technology and method of the study on the environmental impact of the groundwater in the sensitive point of the environment. Based on the data collection and the field investigation, this paper expounds the hydrogeologic condition of the study area, analyzes the influence of the tunnel project on the groundwater environment of the swallow hole, and uses the water balance method to quantize and analyze the water volume decrease of the tunnel construction to the swallow hole. The effect of the three-dimensional numerical simulation method on the seepage field of the ground water is predicted based on the Visual Modflow three-dimensional numerical simulation method, and the water quality pollution of the scenic area caused by the construction sewage discharge under different construction schemes under different construction schemes is evaluated by combining the analytical method, Finally, the reasonable prevention and control of the drainage pollution construction proposal and the protection measures of the ground water resources during the construction of the tunnel are put forward based on the results. The concrete research contents and main results are as follows: (1) The large-slope sub-tunnel passes through the two karst hydrogeologic units, the terrain and the geological structure are complex, the karst development is strong, and the total rock-soluble formation accounts for 66% of the total section proportion. The underground karst scenic area of the Swallow Cave is located in the plate-shaped exposed area of the Triassic old group (T2g) limestone, and the Lujiang River is cut deeper in the karst area. In the field, the swallow hole in the field is penetrated into the underground to form the volt-flow karst cave, and the V-flow make-up water source is in addition to the runoff of the Lujiang River. One part is the lateral runoff recharge of the karst groundwater in the north of the Lujiang River, and the other part comes from the surface spring point of the south of the Lujiang River to make up with the branch ditch. (2) The river-field mountain-field mountain hydrogeologic unit of the longitudinal direction crossing of the section I of the large-slope sub-tunnel is in close contact with the south side of the V-V of the swallow hole, and the underground water for the long-and medium-term and long-term and long-term drainage of the tunnel to the north-run runoff is taken, and then the water in the area is taken to fall, and the surface water and the well are caused to fall in the regional water table. The spring is dry and dry, so that the supply quantity of the flow of the swallows hole is reduced, and the pollution sources such as mechanical oil and waste slag generated during the construction process are discharged from the inlet and outlet of the tunnel and the supporting hole along with the water, and the surface water flows into the scenic area of the swallow hole, thus causing the water quality of the scenic spot to be polluted. (3) The effect of the tunnel construction on the reduction of the water volume of the swallow hole is obtained through the quantitative analysis of the water balance method, meanwhile, the construction sewage will be polluted by the water quality caused by the water inflow from the surface branch to the swallow hole, so that the water inflow of the first section of the tunnel is calculated through the analytical method and the numerical simulation method, according to the arrangement of the tunnel entrance and the 1 # supporting hole and the 2 # branch hole, the size of the water pollution source discharged into the scenic area of the swallow hole is predicted respectively according to the possible five construction excavation combination modes, the advantages and disadvantages of the schemes are discussed, the reasonable scheme and the sewage treatment measures are proposed, It provides scientific basis for the construction, and guides the engineering practice. (4) After the tunnel construction is completed, the ground water seepage field is gradually restored to the pre-construction state after the completion of the operation period, and the water flow of the swallow hole will continue to be supplied continuously at each spring point. in that course of completion of the water delivery and operation of the tunnel, some of the polluting substances may penetrate into the karst groundwater along the fracture to affect the water quality, and meanwhile, the pollution waste water which is not treated or mishandled in the construction process can be monitored for a long time, In order to restore to the state before the project construction, it is necessary to protect the important groundwater resources in the same way as the tunnel water delivery and operation period, so as to ensure the ornamental value of the landscape of the scenic area and realize the sustainable development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X523;X824
【參考文獻】
中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前9條
1 鄧清海;馬鳳山;袁仁茂;李國慶;趙海軍;;石太客運專線特長隧道地區(qū)水文地質(zhì)研究及隧道開挖環(huán)境影響效應(yīng)[J];第四紀(jì)研究;2006年01期
2 許R，
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